المؤلفون: Tianqi Xia, Muhammad Tahir, Tianwei Wang, Yudong Wang, Xiumin Zhang, Shanji Liu, Kunling Teng, Zhihui Fu, Fangfei Yun, Siyue Wang, Sijie Jin, Jiachen Hu, Jin Zhong

المصدر: Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Lactobacillus, Cellulase, Soluble sugar, Fiber transformation, Agriculture

الوصف: Abstract Background Elucidating the mechanism of fiber transformation underlying microbial metabolism is critical for improving fiber-rich silage digestibility and preserving silage energy for ruminant nutrient absorption. However, few studies have combined quantitative microbial function and transformation products in silage to explain this mechanism. Here, we constructed a workflow to detect the substrates and products of fiber transformation in mixed silage of Sesbania cannabina and sweet sorghum (SS) and combined the absolute quantification 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal this mechanism. Results The synergistic effect of Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase (LC) simplified the microbial diversity and minimized the microbial quantity, making Lentilactobacillus buchneri the dominant species in SS silage. As a result, the LC-treated silage had greater lactic acid content, lower pH value, and less NH3-N content. The indigestible fibers were significantly decreased due to the synergistic effect of the Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase. Changes in microbial structure during ensiling also resulted in metabolic alterations. The increased levels of microbial enzymes, including β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, involved in starch and sucrose metabolism led to the enrichment of monosaccharides (including glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose, and arabinose) in the LC-treated silage. We found that L. buchneri was positively associated with β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, reflecting the crucial contribution of L. buchneri to fiber decomposition in SS silage. Conclusion Using an absolute quantitative microbiome, we found that LC treatment decreased the microbial biomass in SS silage, which in turn promoted the energy preservation in the SS silage. The cooperative interaction of the Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase improved the fiber decomposition and in vitro dry matter digestibility rate by changing the microbiome structure and function in the SS silage, providing guidance and support for future fiber-rich silage production in the saline-alkaline region. Graphical Abstract

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2196-5641

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/1826c5e2bf974b07a6b7af507f62862c

المؤلفون: Zihao Hu, Jianbo Ye, Shenbao Shi, Chuangcai Luo, Tianwei Wang, Yang Liu, Jing’an Ye, Xinlin Sun, Yiquan Ke, Chongxian Hou

المصدر: BMC Public Health, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Maternal smoking, Maternal alcohol consumption, Maternal caffeinated beverages consumption, Childhood brain tumor (CBT), Glioma, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: Abstract Background We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the potential association between maternal smoking, alcohol and caffeinated beverages consumption during pregnancy and the risk of childhood brain tumors (CBTs). Methods A thorough search was carried out on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Internet to identify pertinent articles. Fixed or random effects model was applied to meta-analyze the data. Results The results suggested a borderline statistically significant increased risk of CBTs associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.99–1.09). We found that passive smoking (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03–1.20), rather than active smoking (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.93–1.07), led to an increased risk of CBTs. The results suggested a higher risk in 0–1 year old children (OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.94–1.56), followed by 0–4 years old children (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.97–1.28) and 5–9 years old children (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.95–1.29). This meta-analysis found no significant association between maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and CBTs risk (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.80–1.24). An increased risk of CBTs was found to be associated with maternal consumption of caffeinated beverages (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07–1.26) during pregnancy, especially coffee (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.00–1.38). Conclusions Maternal passive smoking, consumption of caffeinated beverages during pregnancy should be considered as risk factors for CBTs, especially glioma. More prospective cohort studies are warranted to provide a higher level of evidence.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/d935ca98bb44469eaf4dde75d5bfcf52

المؤلفون: Tianwei Wang, Yun Chen, Yiheng Zhang, He Cui

المصدر: Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science

الوصف: Abstract Although the motor cortex has been found to be modulated by sensory or cognitive sequences, the linkage between multiple movement elements and sequence-related responses is not yet understood. Here, we recorded neuronal activity from the motor cortex with implanted micro-electrode arrays and single electrodes while monkeys performed a double-reach task that was instructed by simultaneously presented memorized cues. We found that there existed a substantial multiplicative component jointly tuned to impending and subsequent reaches during preparation, then the coding mechanism transferred to an additive manner during execution. This multiplicative joint coding, which also spontaneously emerged in recurrent neural networks trained for double reach, enriches neural patterns for sequential movement, and might explain the linear readout of elemental movements.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/e1f56ed799cb40719839eed2d728b226

المؤلفون: Manhua Luo, Tianwei Wang, Xiaolong Geng, Shengchao Yu, Hailong Li

المصدر: Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 51, Iss 12, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: seepage face, evaporation, groundwater flow, solute transport, tidal flat, numerical modeling, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809

الوصف: Abstract Large‐scale seepage faces occur on tidal flats with gentle slope, which are widely distributed worldwide. Evaporation on these seepage faces, leading to salt retention and accumulation, may significantly impact the density‐dependent groundwater flow beneath the tidal flats. However, due to nonlinear complexities of the groundwater flow and solute transport on seepage faces, explicit boundary conditions and numerical models to quantify these processes are lacking. In this study, we present both mathematical and numerical models to quantify these processes. Compared to the results of our previous study, this paper shows that seepage‐face evaporation can (a) significantly increase the groundwater salinity in the upper intertidal zone, and form multiple groundwater circulation cells in the intertidal zone, (b) cause the disappearance of multiple seepage‐faces and reduce the spatial extent of seepage faces notably, (c) and intensify the groundwater and salt exchange as well as the seawater‐groundwater circulation through the intertidal zone.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/0094-8276; https://doaj.org/toc/1944-8007

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/1ebb2caee0874493b2026fa1b7986ce8

المؤلفون: Qi Tang, Li Hua, Jieling Tang, Long Jiang, Qian Wang, Yunfei Cao, Tianwei Wang, Chongfa Cai

المصدر: Ecological Indicators, Vol 163, Iss , Pp 112109- (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Random forest, Regional applicability, Influencing factors, Spatiotemporal variation, Ecology, QH540-549.5

الوصف: Accurate analysis of regional ecological quality and its drivers is crucial for the sustainable development of human society. The remote sensing eco-index (RSEI) has been widely used to monitor changes in ecological quality in many countries or regions, but it ignores the problem of declining air quality caused by economic development and population growth. Consequently, an improved remotely sensed ecological index (ARSEI) was developed to evaluate China's ecological environment quality by incorporating aerosol optical depth (AOD) into the index system. Additionally, a random forest regression model was used to rank the importance of ecological indexes in the ARSEI. Furthermore, a geographical detector was utilized to assess the impact of natural and socioeconomic factors on the spatial heterogeneity of the ARSEI in six geographic regions of China, identifying their primary drivers. The research findings revealed the following: (1) There are similarities and differences in the order of importance of ecological indicators in the ARSEI across the six geographic regions. (2) ARSEI values significantly increased in 24.70% of China's areas, primarily in the Northeast Plain, Loess Plateau, and Tarim Basin, while they significantly decreased in 5.35% of the areas, mainly in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the northern part of the Tianshan Mountains, eastern coastal cities, and central urban agglomerations. (3) Rainfall and vegetation conditions are the main factors affecting environmental quality in the Three-North region (XB, HB and DB). In the southern (XN, ZN and HD) regions, vegetation cover and land use change, population density and PM2.5 concentrations were greater than the influence of climate factors. The interaction of socioeconomic factors, including PM2.5, land use change, and population density had a greater impact on the spatial heterogeneity of the ARSEI in the southern regions. The results of this study can provide data support for the coordinated development of regional ecosystems and socioeconomics.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X24005661; https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160X

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/cb5087745bb04a848635d14be98a600a

المؤلفون: Jun Deng, Yiwen Zhou, Lin Chu, Yujie Wei, Zhaoxia Li, Tianwei Wang, Cuiting Dai

المصدر: International Soil and Water Conservation Research, Vol 11, Iss 3, Pp 507-517 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Environmental factors, Socioeconomic factors, Impact, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040

الوصف: Socioeconomic development induced nonpoint source (NPS) pollution has aroused an increasing concern, however, most of the previous studies were concentrated on the impacts of environmental determinants. Here, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations from 13 sampling sites were collected biweekly from January 2018 to October 2021, and 26 potential factors including environmental and socioeconomic were considered in the Wangjiaqiao watershed of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. Impacts of these factors on TN and TP were evaluated by partial least squares regression (PLSR) model. It showed that average TN and TP concentrations in wet seasons (TN,14.68 mg L−1; TP, 0.113 mg L−1) were higher than that in dry seasons (TN, 11.73 mg L−1; TP, 0.087 mg L−1). Additionally, the TN concentrations were greater in downstream than upstream, however, the highest TP concentrations were found in the middle of the watershed. The optimal PLSR model explained 69.6%, 73.1% and 66.1% of the variance in TN concentration, as well as 65.7%, 79.5% and 67.4% of the variance in TP concentration during the annual, dry and wet seasons, respectively. Moreover, TN was primarily influenced by topographic wetness index, planting structure, interspersion and juxtaposition index, orchard proportion, nitrogen fertilization, per capita income, and catchment area, whereas TP was mainly controlled by slope gradient, topographic wetness index, hypsometric integral, interspersion and juxtaposition index, and population density. Collectively, environmental factors had greater impacts on the TN and TP concentrations than socioeconomic factors. Raising farmers' awareness of the hazards of NPS pollution is beneficial to watershed NPS pollution control.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633922000776; https://doaj.org/toc/2095-6339

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/3221add4c6904735ad772aaebc427e5f

المؤلفون: Yang Fu, Kun Liu, Lun Zhao, Xi Jiang, Tianwei Wang

المصدر: European Urology Open Science, Vol 50, Iss , Pp 31-42 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Circular RNA ubiquitin-associated protein 2, miR-496, DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha, Bladder cancer, Aerobic glycolysis, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282

الوصف: Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been uncovered to be implicated in the malignant development of bladder cancer (BC). Objective: Herein, this work aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of circRNA ubiquitin-associated protein 2 (circUBAP2) in BC progression. Design, setting, and participants: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used for the detection of genes and proteins. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: In vitro functional experiments were conducted using colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), Transwell, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. A glycolysis analysis was conducted by assessing glucose uptake and lactate production. A murine xenograft model was established to perform in vivo experiments. The binding interaction between miR-496 and circUBAP2 or DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha (TOP2A) was verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results and limitations: CircUBAP2 was highly expressed in BC patients, and high circUBAP2 expression showed a shorter survival rate. Functionally, knockdown of circUBAP2 could suppress BC cell growth, migration, invasion, and aerobic glycolysis in vitro, as well as impede BC growth in nude mice. Mechanistically, circUBAP2 acted as a sponge for miR-496, which targeted TOP2A. Moreover, circUBAP2 could indirectly regulate TOP2A expression through sequestering miR-496. Furthermore, a series of rescue experiments showed that miR-496 inhibition reversed the anticancer action of circUBAP2 knockdown on BC cells. Moreover, miR-496 could attenuate BC cell malignant phenotypes and aerobic glycolysis, which were abolished by TOP2A overexpression. Conclusions: Silencing of circUBAP2 could suppress BC growth, invasion, migration, and aerobic glycolysis by the miR-496/TOP2A axis, suggesting a promising target for the molecular targeted therapies of BC. Patient summary: Circular RNA ubiquitin-associated protein 2 (circUBAP2) was found to be associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer (BC). Knockdown of circUBAP2 might suppress BC growth, invasion, migration, and aerobic glycolysis, indicating that it may be a new target for the development of molecular targeted therapy for BC.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666168323000952; https://doaj.org/toc/2666-1683

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/09946e9769ea437c9c3d99a757fdf6a1

المؤلفون: Tianqi Xia, Kunling Teng, Yayong Liu, Yaoqi Guo, Fuqing Huang, Muhammad Tahir, Tianwei Wang, Jin Zhong

المصدر: Microbiology Spectrum, Vol 11, Iss 4 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: bacteriocin, acidicin P, Listeria monocytogenes, key residues, antimicrobial mechanism, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen which easily contaminates food and causes fatal systemic infections in human. Bacteriocins have received much attention regarding their natural methods of controlling health-related pathogens. Here, we investigated and characterized a novel two-component bacteriocin named acidicin P from Pediococcus acidilactici LAC5-17. Acidicin P showed obvious antimicrobial activity to L. monocytogenes. Through a sequence similarity network analysis for two-component bacteriocin precursors mined in the RefSeq database, acidicin P was observed to belong to an unusual group of two-component bacteriocins. Acidicin P contains two peptides designated Adpα and Adpβ which are assessed to interact with each other and form a helical dimer structure which can be inserted into the lipid bilayer of target cell membrane. We demonstrate that A5, N7, and G9 in the A5xxxG9 motif of Adpα and S16, R19, and G20 in the S16xxxG20 motif of Adpβ played crucial roles in stabilizing the helix-helix interaction of Adpα and Adpβ and were essential for the antilisterial activity of acidicin P by site-directed mutagenesis. A positive residue, R14, in Adpα and a negative residue, D12, in Adpβ are also important for acidicin P to fight against L. monocytogenes. These key residues are supposed to form hydrogen bonding, which is crucial for the interaction of Adpα and Adpβ. Furthermore, acidicin P induces severe permeabilization and depolarization of the cytoplasmic membrane and causes dramatic changes in L. monocytogenes cell morphology and ultrastructure. Acidicin P has the potential to be applied to inhibit L. monocytogenes efficiently both in the food industry and medical treatments. IMPORTANCE L. monocytogenes can cause widespread food contamination and severe human listeriosis, which amount to a large proportion of the public health and economic burdens. Today, L. monocytogenes is usually treated with chemical compounds in the food industry or antibiotics for human listeriosis. Natural and safe antilisterial agents are urgently required. Bacteriocins are natural antimicrobial peptides that have comparable narrow antimicrobial spectra and are attractive potentials for precision therapy for pathogen infection. In this work, we discover a novel two-component bacteriocin designated acidicin P, which shows obvious antilisterial activity. We also identify the key residues in both peptides of acidicin P and demonstrate that acidicin P is inserted into the target cell membrane and disrupts the cell envelop to inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes. We believe that acidicin P is a promising lead for further development as an antilisterial drug.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2165-0497

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/4dee78a48d114cbd8b8a76480d0eae73

المؤلفون: Xuzhong Liu, Zhiwang Tang, Xi Jiang, Tianwei Wang, Lun Zhao, Zongyuan Xu, Kun Liu

المصدر: Renal Failure, Vol 44, Iss 1, Pp 1585-1594 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cyclophilin A, CD147, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, kidney transplantation, chronic allograft dysfunction, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923

الوصف: Objective Our study was designed to explore the role of Cyclophilin A (CyPA)/CD147 signaling in renal allograft fibrosis and chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD).Materials and methods A rat renal transplant model with significant CAD was successfully achieved. Renal allograft tissues and blood samples were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s, and immunohistochemistry staining were performed. Since CD147 is mainly expressed in the renal tubular epithelial cells, human HK-2 cells were used and intervened by specific concentrations of CyPA, and the total protein and mRNA were extracted. Western blot assay and polymerase chain reaction were performed to explore the protein and mRNA expression of CyPA, CD147, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related biomarkers. SiRNA-CD147 and specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK were used to explore the cellular mechanisms involved in the process.Results We have successfully established and validated a 20-week renal transplant CAD model. We observed significant distributed and expressed CyPA and CD147 in the renal allograft fibrotic tissues. We also found a significant expression of CD147 and EMT-related markers in the HK-2 cells stimulated by CyPA. The CD147 siRNA confirmed the previous in vitro results. The selective inhibition of MAPK suggested the notable role of p38 MAPK signaling pathway in the CyP/CD147 signaling involved in renal allograft fibrosis.Conclusions Our study reported the positive relationship of CyPA-CD147 signaling with renal allograft dysfunction. The in vitro study suggested that CyPA-CD147 signaling induce the development of the EMT process by p38 MAPK signaling, thus contributing to renal allograft fibrosis and CAD.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/0886-022X; https://doaj.org/toc/1525-6049

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/af13c81d074a4eab8e6414a258382979

المؤلفون: Tianwei Wang, Kexin Zhang, Hailong Li, Yan Zheng, Manhua Luo, Zhenzhong Zeng, Shengchao Yu, Chengji Shen, Jiu Jimmy Jiao

المصدر: Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 50, Iss 14, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809

الوصف: Abstract Large‐scale seepage‐faces occur on small‐slope tidal flats. All previous studies assume that the seepage‐face has only one single exit point. Here we show via numerical simulations of tidally‐influenced groundwater flow that, in a two‐dimensional vertical, homogeneous transect of a tidal flat with gentle beach slope of 1‰, multiple seepage‐faces may occur with at most four unsaturated beach surface segments which separate four seepage‐faces. Salinity‐variation induced density‐dependent flow leads to this complex phenomenon. While the seepage‐faces are the groundwater discharging zones on the beach surface, the unsaturated zones are the recharging zones. The whole aquifer beneath the tidal flat is almost occupied by seawater and forms a wall blocking the horizontal seaward discharge of inland fresh groundwater so that inland freshwater discharges mainly occur near the high tide mark. This is in great contrast with the traditional results that inland freshwater discharge occurs mainly near low tide mark.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/0094-8276; https://doaj.org/toc/1944-8007

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/d5bf5de51b6845eebe14853e86a998fc