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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: V. T. Ivashkin, V. P. Chulanov, N. A. Mamonova, M. V. Maevskaya, M. S. Zharkova, I. N. Tikhonov, P. O. Bogomolov, E. V. Volchkova, A. S. Dmitriev, O. O. Znojko, E. A. Klimova, K. V. Kozlov, I. E. Kravchenko, E. Yu. Malinnikova, R. V. Maslennikov, M. I. Mikhailov, K. E. Novak, I. G. Nikitin, V. E. Syutkin, E. V. Esaulenko, A. A. Sheptulin, E. N. Shirokova, N. D. Yushchuk
المصدر: Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии, Vol 33, Iss 1, Pp 84-124 (2023)
مصطلحات موضوعية: hepatitis c, virus, hcv infection, liver cirrhosis, liver transplantation, co-infection, liver cancer, drugs with direct antiviral action, ribavirin, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
الوصف: Аim: diagnosis and treatment algorithms in the clinical recommendations intended for general practitioners, gastroenterologists, infectious disease specialists, hepatologists on the of chronic hepatitis C are presented.Summary. Chronic viral hepatitis C is a socially significant infection, the incidence of which in the Russian Federation remains significantly high. Over the past 10 years, great progress has been made in the treatment of hepatitis C — direct acting antiviral drugs have appeared. The spectrum of their effectiveness allows to achieve a sustained virological response in more than 90 % of cases, even in groups that were not previously considered even as candidates for therapy or were difficult to treat — patients receiving renal replacement therapy, after liver transplantation (or other organs), at the stage of decompensated liver cirrhosis, HIV co-infected, etc. Interferons are excluded from the recommendations due to their low effectiveness and a wide range of adverse events. The indications for the treatment have been expanded, namely, the fact of confirmation of viral replication. The terms of dispensary observation of patients without cirrhosis of the liver have been reduced (up to 12 weeks after the end of therapy). Also, these recommendations present approaches to active screening of hepatitis in risk groups, preventive and rehabilitation measures after the end of treatment.Conclusion. Great success has been achieved in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. In most cases, eradication of viral HCV infection is a real task even in patients at the stage of cirrhosis of the liver, with impaired renal function, HIV co-infection, after solid organs transplantation.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: O. M. Drapkina, O. V. Grigorova, O. N. Dzhioeva, G. P. Kostyuk, N. G. Neznanov, M. A. Samushiya, V. P. Chulanov
المصدر: Обозрение психиатрии и медицинской психологии имени В.М. Бехтерева, Vol 56, Iss 4, Pp 112-123 (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: covid-19, coronavirus, post-covid syndrome, pandemic, prevention, treatment, anxiety, depression, prognosis, Psychiatry, RC435-571
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: L. S. Namazova-Baranova, A. A. Baranov, N. I. Briko, O. E. Ivanova, R. V. Polibin, A. Y. Rtischev, V. F. Uchaikin, M. V. Fedoseeko, I. V. Feldblium, V. P. Chulanov, A. K. Shakaryan, O. V. Shamsheva
المصدر: Эпидемиология и вакцинопрофилактика, Vol 21, Iss 6, Pp 104-106 (2023)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Epistemology. Theory of knowledge, BD143-237
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: A. A. Fomicheva, N. A. Mamonova, N. N. Pimenov, S. V. Komarova, A. V. Urtikov, L. G. Goriacheva, Y. V. Lobzin, V. P. Chulanov
المصدر: Журнал инфектологии, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 50-57 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: гепатит с, дети, лечение, препараты прямого противовирусного действия, интерферон, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
الوصف: Aim. To determine the number of children with chronic hepatitis C in the Russian Federation, including, who have received antiviral treatment, taking into account their age, the genotype of the virus, as well as the therapy regimens used.Materials and methods. The analysis of specially developed statistical reporting forms was carried out, the filling of which was carried out in September 2020 by specialists from 268 medical organizations from 37 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which are part of 8 federal districts.Results. In September 2020, 2,160 children with chronic hepatitis C virus infection aged 0 to 17 years were under observation in 268 medical organizations, including 50.7% females and 49.3% of males. The number of children in the age group from 12 to 17 years was 42.9%, from 6 to 11 years – 34.5%, from 3 to 5 years – 16.2% and from 0 to 2 years – 6.4%. The genotype of the virus was determined in 1388 (64.3%) children. The proportion of children with genotype 1 was 58.6%, with genotype 3 – 37.2%, with genotype 2 – 4%. Only 141 (8.8%) children with chronic hepatitis C virus infection have been received antiviral therapy. 1465 (91.2%) children were not treated, but 153 (9.5%) of them received therapy earlier, without achieving a sustained virological response. Direct-acting antiviral agents treatment was carried out to 120 children (85.1%), of whom glecaprevir + pibrentasvir was received by 85 children (70.8%) in 20 regions, sofosbuvir + ledipasvir – 14 children (11.7%) in 6 regions, sofosbuvir – 14 children (11.7%) in 6 regions, daklatasvir – 7 children (5.8%) in 4 regions. Children are removed from dispensary observation after achieving a stable virological response in accordance with the current regulatory documents in 26 regions of the Russian Federation (70.3%).Conclusion. In 2020, less than 10% of children under management received antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the Russian Federation. It is necessary to approve the state program for the treatment of viral hepatitis, one of the directions of which should be the provision of all children with chronic hepatitis C virus infection with modern highly effective antiviral drugs. It is also necessary to conduct clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy of direct-acting antiviral agents for children with chronic hepatitis C virus infection in order to ensure the possibility of their earlier prescription.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: O. M. Drapkina, S. N. Avdeev, A. V. Gorelov, V. P. Chulanov, L. I. Alekseeva, A. B. Danilov, G. R. Tabeeva, M. V. Pchelintsev
المصدر: Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика, Vol 21, Iss 2 (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: covid-19, нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты, ибупрофен, симптоматическое лечение, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
الوصف: The spread and consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are currently one of the most pressing public health challenges in the world. Despite the fact that experience accumulates in the treatment and monitoring of COVID-19 patients, certain aspects are still a clinical dilemma. In particular, this regarded the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during the pandemic, both as a symptomatic treatment of infection, and in patients with comorbidities requiring NSAID. A series of studies did not establish evidence of the risk of infection and complications from NSAID therapy in COVID-19. At the same time, the practitioner should take into account the risk of specific NSAID-associated complications, which also remain relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. This resolution focuses on the evolution of ideas about NSAID use and safety in COVID-19, and also emphasizes the particular relevance of their use for a number of clinical situations.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: D. E. Kireev, V. P. Chulanov, G. A. Shipulin, A. V. Semenov, E. V. Tivanova, N. M. Kolyasnikova, E. B. Zueva, V. V. Pokrovskiy, C. Galli
المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: HIV infection, Epidemiology, Recent infections, High risk groups, 4th generation HIV immunoassays, Assay performance, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
الوصف: Abstract Background HIV infection is a major health problem in Russia. We aimed to assess HIV prevalence in different population groups and to compare the characteristics of 4th generation immunoassays from Abbott, Bio-Rad, Vector-Best, Diagnostic Systems, and Medical Biological Unit. Methods The study included 4452 individuals from the general population (GP), 391 subjects at high risk of HIV infection (HR) and 699 with potentially interfering conditions. HIV positivity was confirmed by immunoblot and by HIV RNA, seroconversion and virus diversity panels were also used. HIV avidity was employed to assess recent infections. Results The prevalence in GP was 0.40%, higher in males (0.62%) and in people aged
وصف الملف: electronic resource
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: M. Sh. Khubutiya, S. E. Voskanyan, V. E. Syutkin, V. P. Chulanov, M. S. Novruzbekov, V. D. Pasechnikov, V. L. Korobka, O. O. Rummo, E. N. Bessonova, S. F. Bagnenko, D. I. Abdulganiyeva
المصدر: Трансплантология (Москва), Vol 12, Iss 3, Pp 231-244 (2020)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: O. A. Burgasova, L. V. Sayapina, V. M. Volkova, V. B. Postupailo, V. P. Chulanov
المصدر: Проблемы особо опасных инфекций, Vol 0, Iss 1, Pp 69-75 (2020)
مصطلحات موضوعية: incidence, viral hepatitis a, forecasting, wald’s schedule, immunity, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
الوصف: Objective of the study was to conduct the analysis and develop the method of forecasting of viral hepatitis A (VHA) incidence using Wald’s schedule. Materials and methods. The work is based on official statistical data of the Rospotrebnadzor on the VHA morbidity rates in the Russian Federation and Moscow city between 2010 and 2016. Results and discussion. It is established that in the overall incidence of VHA cases in the Russian Federation over the period of 2010–2016, 67.7 % were registered among adults and 32.3 % – among children; as for the incidence among adults in Moscow, it accounted for 79.8 %, and for children – 20.2 %. To assess epidemiological situation on VHA, forecasting approach using Wald’s schedule was put forward. Based on the results of the analysis conducted, the threshold values for morbidity rates among adult population in Moscow stood at 38 cases, fluctuations in mean values ranged from 48 to 63 cases. It is shown that the total minimum and maximum levels of morbidity among adult population in 2017 would account for 180 and 624 cases, respectively. Forecast of incidence among children is determined on an accrual basis: minimum monthly level – 7 cases, maximum – 17. Monthly growth of infection is 0.9 cases. It is revealed that possible cumulative minimum and maximum morbidity rates among children would amount to 84 and 204 cases in 2017, respectively. The proposed method of Wald’s schedule for VHA incidence forecasting will allow for determining both monthly minimum and maximum rates of infection for the upcoming period and provide for timely planning of anti-epidemic measures.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: S. A. Brezgin, A. P. Kostyusheva, V. N. Simirsky, E. V. Volchkova, D. S. Chistyakov, D. S. Kostyushev, V. P. Chulanov
المصدر: Инфекция и иммунитет, Vol 9, Iss 3-4, Pp 476-484 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: hepatitis b virus, circular covalently closed dna, crispr/cas9, specificity, hbx protein, mutant forms of hbx protein, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
الوصف: Chronic hepatitis B is a severe liver disease associated with persistent infection with hepatitis B virus. According to recent estimations, 250 million people in the world are chronically infected, including 3 million chronically infected people in Russia. Antiviral therapeutics (nucleos(t)ide analogues and PEGylated interferon) suppress viral transcription and replication, but do not eliminate the virus from infected cells. The key reason for HBV persistency is a stable form of the viral genome (covalently closed circular DNA, cccDNA) that exists as a minichromosome protected from novel cccDNA-targeting therapeutics. Novel therapeutic approaches aimed at elimination or inactivation of cccDNA are urgently needed. CRISPR/Cas9 systems induce double strand breaks in target sites of DNA sequences. Experiments with CRISPR/Cas9 demonstrated high antiviral activity and efficient cleavage of cccDNA, but a small part of cccDNA pool remains intact. One of the main reasons of incomplete cccDNA elimination might be the structural organization of cccDNA, which persists in a heterochromatinized, very compacted form and is not be accessible to CRISPR/Cas9 systems. Viral protein HBx unwinds cccDNA and regulates cccDNA epigenetically by recruiting transcription-remodeling factors. In this work, we analyzed effects of CRISPR/Cas9 in combination with an HBxencoding plasmid or plasmids encoding mutant forms of HBx (HBxMut, which does not interact with pro-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 и Bcl-xL, and HBxNesm is localized exclusively in the nucleus and does not generate reactive oxygen species and double strand breaks in the genome). We showed that HBx improves CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency, decreasing pregenomic RNA transcription level over 98%. Moreover, we analyzed optimal ratios of plasmids encoding CRISPR/ Cas9 and HBx proteins for better antiviral efficacy. Furthermore, we discovered that HBx proteins do not have an effect on proliferation and viability of the transfected cells. In conclusion, CRISPR/Cas9 with HBx proteins exhibit high antiviral effect.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: A. P. Kostyusheva, S. A. Brezgin, D. N. Zarifyan, D. S. Chistyakov, V. I. Gegechkory, E O. Bayurova, E. A. Volchkova, D. S. Kostyushev, V. P. Chulanov
المصدر: Инфекция и иммунитет, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 279-287 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: hepatitis b virus, circular covalently closed dna, crispr/cas9, specificity, off-target effects, efficiency, modified grnas, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
الوصف: Chronic hepatitis B is a severe liver disease caused by persistent infection of hepatitis B virus in human hepatocytes. Chronic hepatitis B is one of the most common diseases in the world. According to recent estimations, more than 250 million people are chronically infected and more than 1 million of people die annually due to consequences of chronic hepatitis B: liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The key factor of hepatitis B virus persistency is a special form of viral genome called circular covalently closed DNA. Current therapeutics suppress viral replication but have no effect on circular covalently closed DNA as it exists in the nuclei of hepatocytes as a minichromosome and is not accessible for therapeutics. Commonly, viral reactivation occurs after cessation of treatment. Therefore, duration of antiviral treatment is supposed to be indefinitely long. One of the most promising approaches to target circular covalently closed DNA is the technology of site-specific nucleases CRISPR/Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes. A short guide RNA recruits an SpCas9 protein to the viral genome and induces generation of DNA double strand breaks. However, there are several limitations of CRISPR/Cas9 hampering translation of this technology into the clinic. First, efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9 needs to be improved. Second, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated off-target mutagenesis represents a menacing problem which has to be addressed. To overcome these limitations, several approaches have been devised to improve CRISPR/Cas9 activity (modification of guide RNAs) and reduce off-target mutagenesis (a Cas9 protein with enhanced specificity, eSpCas9). In this study, we compared antiviral activity of a classic SpCas9 with an eSpCas9 system as well as analyzed effects of gRNAs modification on anti-HBV effects. Here, we demonstrated that SpCas9 has the highest antiviral potency, reducing transcription and replication of HBV over 90%. Hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA declined over 90% post CRISPR/Cas9 transfection. Although it was previously shown that modified guide RNAs increase nucleolytic activity of CRISPR/Cas9, our results indicated that this modification impairs antiviral activity of CRISPR/Cas9. To conclude, CRISPR/Cas9 effectively suppress viral replication and transcription per se. Described modifications do not potentiate antiviral activity of CRISPR/Cas9 system and should not be used for development of future therapeutics. The best strategy to improve CRISPR/Cas9 efficacy is to design new highly effective guide RNAs.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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