المؤلفون: Yuan-Cheng Cheng, Cai-Han Xie, Yu-Chen Chen, Nien-Tse Fuh, Ming-Feng Chuang, Yeong-Choy Kam

المصدر: Frontiers in Zoology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Parental care, Paternal care, Harm to offspring hypothesis, Offspring vulnerability hypothesis, Plasticity, Phytotelm-breeding, Zoology, QL1-991

الوصف: Abstract Background Parental care benefits offspring but comes with costs. To optimize the trade-off of costs and benefits, parents should adjust care based on intrinsic and/or extrinsic conditions. The harm to offspring hypothesis suggests that parents should invest more in younger offspring than older offspring because younger offspring are more vulnerable. However, this hypothesis has rarely been comprehensively tested, as many studies only reveal an inverse correlation between parental care and offspring age, without directly testing the effects of offspring age on their vulnerability. To test this hypothesis, we studied Kurixalus eiffingeri, an arboreal treefrog with paternal care. We first performed a field survey by monitoring paternal care during embryonic development. Subsequently, we conducted a field experiment to assess the prevalence of egg predators (a semi-slug, Parmarion martensi) and the plasticity of male care. Finally, we conducted a laboratory experiment to assess how embryo age affects predation by P. martensi. Results Our results showed that (1) male attendance and brooding frequency affected embryo survival, and (2) males attended and brooded eggs more frequently in the early stage than in the late stage. The experimental results showed that (3) males increased attendance frequency when the predators were present, and (4) the embryonic predation by the semi-slug during the early was significantly higher than in the late stage. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of paternal care to embryo survival, and the care behavior is plastic. Moreover, our results provide evidence consistent with the predictions of the harm to offspring hypothesis, as males tend to care more for younger offspring which are more vulnerable.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1742-9994

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/009090e1bc1b4c84ba06124c78bbfefb

المؤلفون: Caiyun Zou, Hongbo Ji, Jie Cui, Bo Qian, Yu-Chen Chen, Qingxiang Zhang, Shuangba He, Yang Sui, Yang Bai, Yeming Zhong, Xu Zhang, Ting Ni, Zigang Che

المصدر: BMC Medical Imaging, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Bone remodeling, Chronic maxillary sinusitis, Computed tomography imaging, Artificial intelligence (AI), Deep learning, Machine learning, Medical technology, R855-855.5

الوصف: Abstract Objective To construct the deep learning convolution neural network (CNN) model and machine learning support vector machine (SVM) model of bone remodeling of chronic maxillary sinusitis (CMS) based on CT image data to improve the accuracy of image diagnosis. Methods Maxillary sinus CT data of 1000 samples in 500 patients from January 2018 to December 2021 in our hospital was collected. The first part is the establishment and testing of chronic maxillary sinusitis detection model by 461 images. The second part is the establishment and testing of the detection model of chronic maxillary sinusitis with bone remodeling by 802 images. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) value of the test set were recorded, respectively. Results Preliminary application results of CT based AI in the diagnosis of chronic maxillary sinusitis and bone remodeling. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the test set of 93 samples of CMS, were 0.9796, 0.8636 and 0.9247, respectively. Simultaneously, the value of AUC was 0.94. And the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the test set of 161 samples of CMS with bone remodeling were 0.7353, 0.9685 and 0.9193, respectively. Simultaneously, the value of AUC was 0.89. Conclusion It is feasible to use artificial intelligence research methods such as deep learning and machine learning to automatically identify CMS and bone remodeling in MSCT images of paranasal sinuses, which is helpful to standardize imaging diagnosis and meet the needs of clinical application.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2342

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/eb04c533704949809b062ac8fee1d548

المؤلفون: Yu-Chen Chen, Hann-Chorng Kuo

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Spinal cord injuries, Urodynamics, Urinary catheterization, Neurogenic bladder, Complications, Self-catheterization, Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract This study explores 15-year urological complications in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients and investigates the predictive factors from video-urodynamic study (VUDS) and bladder management. Analyzing 864 SCI patients with a mean 15.6-year follow-up, we assessed complications and utilized multivariate logistic regression for risk evaluation. VUDS factors such as autonomic dysreflexia, detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, vesicourethral reflux (VUR), contracted bladder, and high voiding detrusor pressure significantly increased the likelihood of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI). Low bladder compliance, VUR, and contracted bladder notably raised the risk of hydronephrosis, while contracted bladder and detrusor overactivity with detrusor underactivity heightened chronic kidney disease risk. Volitional voiding reduced rUTI and VUR risk, whereas Valsalva maneuver-assisted voiding increased hydronephrosis risk. In conclusion, a contracted bladder identified in VUDS is associated with long-term urological complications in SCI, we propose that patients already experiencing a contracted bladder should prioritize volitional voiding as their preferred bladder management strategy to minimize the risk of additional complications such as rUTI and VUR. These findings unveil previously unexplored aspects in research, emphasizing the need for proactive management strategies in this patient population.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/7bdce210557145928bed527731cc4487

المؤلفون: Pek Kee Chen, Yi-Tzu Lee, Chia-Ying Liu, Tran Thi Dieu Thuy, Kieu Anh, Jiunn-Jong Wu, Chun-Hsing Liao, Yu-Tsung Huang, Yu-Chen Chen, Cheng-Yen Kao

المصدر: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, Vol 57, Iss 2, Pp 288-299 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Acinetobacter spp., Bacteremia, blaVIM, blaIMP, Carbapenem resistance, Carbapenemase, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: Background: This study aimed to characterize carbapenem-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter (CNSA) isolated from patients with bacteremia from 1997 to 2015. Methods: A total of 173 CNSA (12.3%) was recovered from 1403 Acinetobacter isolates. The presence of selected β-lactamase genes in CNSA was determined by PCR amplification. The conjugation test was used to determine the transferability of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-carrying plasmids. Whole genome sequencing in combination with phenotypic assays was carried out to characterize MBL-plasmids. Results: In general, a trend of increasing numbers of CNSA was observed. Among the 173 CNSA, A. baumannii (54.9%) was the most common species, followed by A. nosocomialis (23.1%) and A. soli (12.1%). A total of 49 (28.3%) CNSA were extensively drug-resistant, and all were A. baumannii. The most common class D carbapenemase gene in 173 CNSA was blaOXA-24-like (32.4%), followed by ISAba1-blaOXA-51-like (20.8%), ISAba1-blaOXA-23 (20.2%), and IS1006/IS1008-blaOXA-58 (11.6%). MBL genes, blaVIM-11, blaIMP-1, and blaIMP-19 were detected in 9 (5.2%), 20 (11.6%), and 1 (0.6%) CNSA isolates, respectively. Transfer of MBL genes to AB218 and AN254 recipient cells was successful for 7 and 6 of the 30 MBL-plasmids, respectively. The seven AB218-derived transconjugants carrying MBL-plasmids produced less biofilm but showed higher virulence to larvae than recipient AB218. Conclusions: Our 19-year longitudinal study revealed a stable increase in CNSA during 2005–2015. blaOXA-24-like, ISAba1-blaOXA-51-like, and ISAba1-blaOXA-23 were the major determinants of Acinetobacter carbapenem resistance. MBL-carrying plasmids contribute not only to the carbapenem resistance but also to A. baumannii virulence.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118224000355; https://doaj.org/toc/1684-1182

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/8044492d5c974fb6b85ecbb03341fc07

المؤلفون: Yung-Luen Shih, Carl Jay Ballena Bregente, Pek Kee Chen, Tran Thi Dieu Thuy, Yu-Chen Chen, Han-Yueh Kuo, Hsu-Feng Lu, Cheng-Yen Kao

المصدر: Microbiology Spectrum, Vol 12, Iss 6 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: blaIMP-19, chromosomal encoded carbapenemase, integron, phage, whole-genome sequencing, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: ABSTRACT Integration of carbapenemase gene blaIMP into the chromosome of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has not been reported. The aim of this study was to explore the genomic characteristics of CRAB AB322 isolated from a Taiwanese patient diagnosed with bacteremia in 2011, whose chromosome harbors blaIMP-19. Disk diffusion and broth microdilution were employed to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility of AB322 to 14 antimicrobials. Nanopore whole-genome sequencing platform was utilized for AB322 genome sequencing, and conjugation was further performed to investigate the transferability of blaIMP-19 to amikacin-resistant A. baumannii 218 (AB218) and Acinetobacter nosocomialis 254 (AN254). The results showed that AB322 was classified as multidrug-resistant A. baumannii but remained susceptible to ampicillin/sulbactam, colistin, and tigecycline. Whole-genome sequencing revealed the AB322 genome, consisting of a 4,098,985-bp chromosome, a 71,590-bp conjugative plasmid named pAB322-1, and an 8,726-bp plasmid named pAB322-2. Multilocus sequence typing analysis indicated that AB322 belonged to sequence type 1. AB322 chromosome harbored numerous acquired antimicrobial resistance genes, including aph(3′)-Ia, aadA1b, aadA1, aac(6′)-Ib3, aac (3)-Ia, blaADC-25, blaOXA-69, blaIMP-19, catA1, sul1, and tet(A), conferring resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracyclines. Moreover, blaIMP-19 was identified to be situated within class 1 integron In240 and an incomplete PHAGE_Salmon_SJ46_NC_031129 on AB322 chromosome. However, conjugation experiments revealed that blaIMP-19 could not be transferred to AB218 and AN254 in our testing conditions. In conclusion, we first report the presence of chromosomal-integrated blaIMP-19 in CRAB, possibly mediated by integron. The future dissemination of blaIMP-19 among different species, leading to carbapenem resistance dissemination, requires close monitoring.IMPORTANCEThe horizontal transfer of antimicrobial-resistant genes is crucial for the dissemination of resistance, especially as Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a clinically significant pathogen. However, in this study, we first report the integration of the blaIMP-19 gene into the chromosome of A. baumannii, and such horizontal transfer may be associated with integron-phage elements. Additionally, it is possible that these DNA fragments carrying antimicrobial-resistant genes could further spread to other pathogens by moving horizontally onto conjugative plasmids.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2165-0497

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/7e0f3d5082f043b3bffa9b3c22238288

المؤلفون: Xiang-Ling Huang, Ming-Yung Wu, Ciou-Chan Wu, Lian-Cing Yan, Mei-Huei He, Yu-Chen Chen, Sheng-Tzung Tsai

المصدر: Tzu-Chi Medical Journal, Vol 36, Iss 2, Pp 136-141 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: deep brain stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, stroke, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, Medicine

الوصف: Cerebrovascular accidents, also known as strokes, represent a major global public health challenge and contribute to substantial mortality, disability, and socioeconomic burden. Multidisciplinary approaches for poststroke therapies are crucial for recovering lost functions and adapting to new limitations. This review discusses the potential of neuromodulation techniques, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation, spinal cord stimulation (SCS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS), as innovative strategies for facilitating poststroke recovery. Neuromodulation is an emerging adjunct to conventional therapies that target neural plasticity to restore lost function and compensate for damaged brain areas. The techniques discussed in this review have different efficacies in enhancing neural plasticity, optimizing motor recovery, and mitigating poststroke impairments. Specifically, rTMS has shown significant promise in enhancing motor function, whereas SCS has shown potential in improving limb movement and reducing disability. Similarly, VNS, typically used to treat epilepsy, has shown promise in enhancing poststroke motor recovery, while DBS may be used to improve poststroke motor recovery and symptom mitigation. Further studies with standardized protocols are warranted to elucidate the efficacy of these methods and integrate them into mainstream clinical practice to optimize poststroke care.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.tcmjmed.com/article.asp?issn=1016-3190;year=2024;volume=36;issue=2;spage=136;epage=141;aulast=Huang; https://doaj.org/toc/1016-3190; https://doaj.org/toc/2223-8956

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/c3c9e5c8598244fe9ff3f8e85ea27e28

المؤلفون: Qianhui Xu, Lei-Lei Zhou, Chunhua Xing, Xiaomin Xu, Yuan Feng, Han Lv, Fei Zhao, Yu-Chen Chen, Yuexin Cai

المصدر: NeuroImage, Vol 290, Iss , Pp 120566- (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Tinnitus, Resting state fMRI, Functional connectivity, Convolutional neural network, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571

الوصف: Objectives: Many studies have investigated aberrant functional connectivity (FC) using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in subjective tinnitus patients. However, no studies have verified the efficacy of resting-state FC as a diagnostic imaging marker. We established a convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on rs-fMRI FC to distinguish tinnitus patients from healthy controls, providing guidance and fast diagnostic tools for the clinical diagnosis of subjective tinnitus. Methods: A CNN architecture was trained on rs-fMRI data from 100 tinnitus patients and 100 healthy controls using an asymmetric convolutional layer. Additionally, a traditional machine learning model and a transfer learning model were included for comparison with the CNN, and each of the three models was tested on three different brain atlases. Results: Of the three models, the CNN model outperformed the other two models with the highest area under the curve, especially on the Dos_160 atlas (AUC = 0.944). Meanwhile, the model with the best classification performance highlights the crucial role of the default mode network, salience network, and sensorimotor network in distinguishing between normal controls and patients with subjective tinnitus. Conclusion: Our CNN model could appropriately tackle the diagnosis of tinnitus patients using rs-fMRI and confirmed the diagnostic value of FC as measured by rs-fMRI.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811924000612; https://doaj.org/toc/1095-9572

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/6239b08091ff4ce69b742eb81b8cc99e

المؤلفون: Li-Te Lin, Chia-Jung Li, Chyi-Uei Chern, Pei-Hsuan Lin, Po-Wen Lin, Yu-Chen Chen, Hsiao-Wen Tsai, Kuan-Hao Tsui

المصدر: Journal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 14, Iss 6, p 551 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: ILIB, ovarian aging, oxeiptosis, energy metabolism, Medicine

الوصف: Background: Ovarian aging is characterized by the accumulation of free radicals, leading to tissue damage and affecting reproductive health. Intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB, using a low-energy He-Ne laser) is known for its efficacy in treating vascular-related diseases by reducing free radicals and inflammation. However, its impact on ovarian aging remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ILIB on oxidative stress and energy metabolism in aging ovaries. Methods: Genetic analysis was conducted on 75 infertile patients with aging ovaries, divided into ILIB-treated and control (CTRL) groups. Patients underwent two courses of laser treatment, and clinical parameters were evaluated. Cumulus cells were collected for the genetic analysis of oxeiptosis, glycolysis, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Results: The analysis of gene expression patterns revealed intriguing findings in ILIB-treated patients compared to the untreated group. Notably, ILIB treatment resulted in significant upregulation of oxeiptosis-related genes AIFM1 and NRF2, suggesting a potential protective effect against oxidative stress-induced cell death. Furthermore, ILIB treatment led to a downregulation of glycolysis-associated gene hexokinase 2 (HK2), indicating a shift away from anaerobic metabolism, along with an increase in PDHA levels, indicative of enhanced mitochondrial function. Consistent with these changes, ILIB-treated patients exhibited elevated expression of the key TCA cycle genes citrate synthase (CS), succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit A (SDHA), and fumarate hydratase (FH), signifying improved energy metabolism. Conclusion: The findings from this study underscore the potential of ILIB as a therapeutic strategy for mitigating ovarian aging. By targeting oxidative stress and enhancing energy metabolism, ILIB holds promise for preserving ovarian function and reproductive health in aging individuals. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize the application of ILIB in clinical settings, with the ultimate goal of improving fertility outcomes in women experiencing age-related ovarian decline.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/14/6/551; https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4426

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/eae5b068c0f64335ae455489657a00b8

المؤلفون: Song'an Shang, Lijuan Wang, Yao Xu, Hongying Zhang, Lanlan Chen, Weiqiang Dou, Xindao Yin, Jing Ye, Yu-Chen Chen

المصدر: NeuroImage, Vol 284, Iss , Pp 120450- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Parkinson's disease, Connection network, Diffusion kurtosis imaging, Classification, Coupling, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571

الوصف: Parkinson's disease (PD) is manifested with disrupted topology of the structural connection network (SCN) and the functional connection network (FCN). However, the SCN and its interactions with the FCN remain to be further investigated. This multimodality study attempted to precisely characterize the SCN using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and further identify the neuropathological pattern of SCN-FCN decoupling, underscoring the neurodegeneration of PD. Diffusion-weighted imaging and resting-state functional imaging were available for network constructions among sixty-nine patients with PD and seventy demographically matched healthy control (HC) participants. The classification performance and topological prosperities of both the SCN and the FCN were analyzed, followed by quantification of the SCN-FCN couplings across scales. The SCN constructed by kurtosis metrics achieved optimal classification performance (area under the curve 0.89, accuracy 80.55 %, sensitivity 78.40 %, and specificity 80.65 %). Along with diverse alterations of structural and functional network topology, the PD group exhibited decoupling across scales including: reduced global coupling; increased nodal coupling within the sensorimotor network (SMN) and subcortical network (SN); higher intramodular coupling within the SMN and SN and lower intramodular coupling of the default mode network (DMN); decreased coupling between the modules of DMN-fronto-parietal network and DMN-visual network, but increased coupling between the SMN-SN module. Several associations between the coupling coefficient and topological properties of the SCN, as well as between network values and clinical scores, were observed. These findings validated the clinical implementation of DKI for structural network construction with better differentiation ability and characterized the SCN-FCN decoupling as supplementary insight into the pathological process underlying PD.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923006018; https://doaj.org/toc/1095-9572

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/cd29276c2b304945aa9ac10d244b8159

المؤلفون: Zhaopeng Tong, Juan Zhang, Chunhua Xing, Xiaomin Xu, Yuanqing Wu, Richard Salvi, Xindao Yin, Fei Zhao, Yu-Chen Chen, Yuexin Cai

المصدر: NeuroImage, Vol 284, Iss , Pp 120475- (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Age-related hearing loss, Cognitive decline, fMRI, Cortical gradient, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571

الوصف: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), one of the most common sensory deficits in elderly individuals, is a risk factor for dementia; however, it is unclear how ARHL affects the decline in cognitive function. To address this issue, a connectome gradient framework was used to identify critical features of information integration between sensory and cognitive processing centers using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 40 individuals with ARHL and 36 healthy controls (HCs). The first three functional gradient alterations associated with ARHL were investigated at the global, network and regional levels. Using a support vector machine (SVM) model, our analysis distinguished individuals with ARHL with normal cognitive function from those with cognitive decline. Compared to HCs, individuals with ARHL had a contracted principal primary-to-transmodal gradient axis, especially in the visual and default mode networks, with an altered gradient explained ratio and variance. Among individuals with ARHL, cognitive decline was detected in the visual network in the principal gradient as well as in the limbic, salience and default mode networks in the third gradient (salience to frontoparietal/default mode). These results suggest that ARHL is associated with disrupted information processing from the primary sensory networks to higher-order cognitive networks and highlight the key nodes closely associated with cognitive decline during cognitive processing in ARHL, providing new insights into the mechanism of cognitive impairment and suggesting potential treatments related to ARHL.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811923006250; https://doaj.org/toc/1095-9572

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/fb9b3c8507c545b8a27e6a847ca70bd1