المؤلفون: Bloom BR; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA bbloom@hsph.harvard.edu.

المصدر: The New England journal of medicine [N Engl J Med] 2024 Feb 08; Vol. 390 (6), pp. 580.

نوع المنشور: Letter; Comment

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0255562 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1533-4406 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00284793 NLM ISO Abbreviation: N Engl J Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced* , Nuclear Weapons*, Humans

المؤلفون: Oboo M; Department of NPP Engineering, KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School, Republic of Korea., Nytak VB; Department of NPP Engineering, KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School, Republic of Korea., Bulelwa N; Department of NPP Engineering, KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School, Republic of Korea., Kim J; Department of NPP Engineering, KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jykim@kings.ac.kr.

المصدر: Journal of environmental radioactivity [J Environ Radioact] 2024 Feb; Vol. 272, pp. 107332. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 18.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8508119 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1700 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0265931X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Environ Radioact Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Radiation Monitoring* , Radioactivity* , Nuclear Weapons*, Republic of Korea

مستخلص: Radiological Dispersal Devices (RDDs) are designed to disperse radioactive material over a wide area, leading to significant consequences to the environment and public health. This paper discusses the radiological effects of a potential RDD detonation containing ¹³⁷ Cs and ²⁴¹ Am in the commercial area of Busan, South Korea. The assessment, conducted with HotSpot Health Physics and RESRAD-RDD codes, found that summer had the most significant impact, with a maximum total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) of 280 mSv at 100 m and this decreased to 1 mSv at 4.5 km from the detonation point within the time interval of 35 min.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

المؤلفون: Kitamura H; Occupational Health Training Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.; Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation., Ishihara K; Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation., Kato N; Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation., Misumi M; Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation., Hida A; Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation., Yamada M; Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation.

المصدر: Radiation research [Radiat Res] 2023 Nov 01; Vol. 200 (5), pp. 503-507.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Radiation Research Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401245 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1938-5404 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00337587 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Radiat Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nuclear Weapons* , Radiation Injuries* , Nuclear Warfare*, Child ; Aged ; Pregnancy ; Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Survivors ; Time Factors ; Japan

مستخلص: Although some adverse effects on neurocognitive function have been reported in children and adolescents irradiated prenatally during the atomic bombings and the Chernobyl nuclear accident, little information is available for effects on the elderly. Here we evaluate the effects of prenatal exposure to atomic bomb radiation on subjective neurocognitive function in aged survivors. To evaluate neurocognitive impairment, we mailed the Neurocognitive Questionnaire (NCQ), a self-administered scale, to prenatally exposed survivors, including clinic visitors and non-visitors at the time of the 2011 and 2013 Adult Health Study (AHS) examinations. We received replies from 444 individuals (mean age, 66.9 ± 0.6 years). After adjusting for sex, city, and educational background, we found no significant effects of radiation, clinic visit, or interaction between radiation and clinic visit on the scores of the 4 NCQ factors of metacognition, emotional regulation, motivation/organization, and processing speed. Even in analyses considering gestational age at the time of the bombings, none of the 4 NCQ factor scores was related to maternal uterine dose. There remains the limitation that this study consisted of healthy survivors, but we found no significant radiation effect on late-life cognition in people prenatally exposed to atomic bomb radiation.
(©2023 by Radiation Research Society. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.)

المؤلفون: Muller JE; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Hodgkin JG; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.

المصدر: JAMA cardiology [JAMA Cardiol] 2023 Nov 01; Vol. 8 (11), pp. 1011-1012.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Comment

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101676033 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2380-6591 (Electronic) NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Cardiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nuclear Weapons*, Humans

المؤلفون: Marshall W

المصدر: Nature [Nature] 2023 Sep; Vol. 621 (7980), pp. 691.

نوع المنشور: Letter

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0410462 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4687 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00280836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nature Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Natural Language Processing* , Nuclear Weapons*/history , Nuclear Weapons*/legislation & jurisprudence , Technology*/legislation & jurisprudence , Technology*/trends, Social Change/history

المؤلفون: Xu S; University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. Xu.Shan@uk-essen.de.; Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, MianYang, China. Xu.Shan@uk-essen.de., Dodt A; Hochschule Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Krefeld, Germany. alicia.dodt@stud.hn.de.

المصدر: Journal of public health policy [J Public Health Policy] 2023 Sep; Vol. 44 (3), pp. 348-359. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 14.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8006508 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1745-655X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01975897 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Public Health Policy Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Radiation Injuries*/epidemiology , Nuclear Weapons*, Humans ; Public Health ; Japan

مستخلص: Since the nuclear bomb attack against Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, the world has advanced in nuclear technology. Today, a nuclear bomb could target a large-scale attack, at a longer range, and with much greater destructive force. People are increasingly concerned about the potential destructive humanitarian outcomes. We discuss actual conditions detonation of an atomic bomb would create, radiation injuries, and diseases. We also address concerns about functionality of medical care systems and other systems that support medical systems (i.e., transport, energy, supply chain, etc. systems) following a massive nuclear attack and whether citizens able to survive this.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

المؤلفون: Mitra A; Former Co-President, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, and President, Indian Doctors for Peace and Development, 139-E, Kitchlu Nagar, Ludhiana - 141001, Punjab, INDIA.

المصدر: Indian journal of medical ethics [Indian J Med Ethics] 2023 Oct-Dec; Vol. VIII (4), pp. 293-296.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Forum for Medical Ethics Society Country of Publication: India NLM ID: 101214913 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0975-5691 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09748466 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Indian J Med Ethics Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nuclear Weapons*, Humans ; Health Promotion

مستخلص: The atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 78 years ago changed the concept of the impact of wars. The hope that the level of devastation would make the world think seriously about taking steps to give up the arms race and focus on human welfare did not materialise. The arms race continues unabated. From one nuclear weapons state in 1945, the number has increased to nine. Nearly 13000 nuclear weapons present on earth are enough to extinguish humankind. This has raised serious concern among medical professionals resolving to preserve life and promote health, who are now coming together for the complete abolition of nuclear weapons.

المؤلفون: Boulton FE; University of Southampton and Medact, London.

المصدر: BMJ (Clinical research ed.) [BMJ] 2023 Sep 29; Vol. 382, pp. 2242. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 29.

نوع المنشور: Letter; Comment

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: British Medical Association Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8900488 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1756-1833 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09598138 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMJ Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nuclear Weapons*, Humans ; International Cooperation

مستخلص: Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.

المؤلفون: Swarts SG; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States., Flood AB; Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States.; Clin-EPR, LLC, Lyme, NH 03769, United States., Swartz HM; Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, United States.; Clin-EPR, LLC, Lyme, NH 03769, United States.

المصدر: Radiation protection dosimetry [Radiat Prot Dosimetry] 2023 Sep 18; Vol. 199 (14), pp. 1450-1459.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8109958 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1742-3406 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01448420 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Radiat Prot Dosimetry Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Biological Assay* , Nuclear Weapons*

مستخلص: Extremely high dose rate radiation delivery (FLASH) for cancer treatment has been shown to produce less damage to normal tissues while having the same radiotoxic effect on tumor tissue (referred to as the FLASH effect). Research on the FLASH effect has two very pertinent implications for the field of biodosimetry: (1) FLASH is a good model to simulate delivery of prompt radiation from the initial moments after detonating a nuclear weapon and (2) the FLASH effect elucidates how dose rate impacts the biological mechanisms that underlie most types of biological biodosimetry. The impact of dose rate will likely differ for different types of biodosimetry, depending on the specific underlying mechanisms. The greatest impact of FLASH effects is likely to occur for assays based on biological responses to radiation damage, but the consequences of differential effects of dose rates on the accuracy of dose estimates has not been taken into account.
(© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

المؤلفون: Sakakibara K; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Ieda H; Soka Institute for Global Solutions, Soka University of America, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA., Shiode S; Soka Institute for Global Solutions, Soka University of America, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA.

المصدر: Medicine, conflict, and survival [Med Confl Surviv] 2023 Sep; Vol. 39 (3), pp. 300-307. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 03.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: F. Cass Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9612305 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1362-3699 (Print) Linking ISSN: 13623699 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Med Confl Surviv Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Nuclear Weapons*, Humans ; Global Health