المؤلفون: Soto-Estrada, Carmen^{Aff1, IDs12228023097511_cor1}, Cruz-Durán, Ramiro

المصدر: Brittonia. 75(3):240-248

المؤلفون: Peter vanRensch, Shayne McGregor, Dietmar Dommenget, Daohua Bi, Giovanni Liguori

المصدر: Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 51, Iss 4, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: pantropical, interbasin, pacemaker, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809

الوصف: Abstract Using observations and Atlantic forced coupled model simulations, we show evidence for an asymmetry in the link between beginning of year tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) and end of the year El Niño‐Southern Oscillation events. We find a greater tendency for warm Atlantic SSTAs to lead to a La Niña than for cold anomalies to lead to El Niño. The model experiments showed that the Atlantic had a greater chance to force the tropical Pacific if the Pacific was initially in a neutral state. In the model, a warm Atlantic from March–May was able to produce an atmospheric response leading to easterly wind anomalies in the western Pacific. This in turn induces a subsurface oceanic response, leading to La Niña at the end of the year. The atmospheric response does not occur for a cold Atlantic, leading to no impacts in the Pacific.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/0094-8276; https://doaj.org/toc/1944-8007

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/72ae8e710ce14437915eecbc88b77023

المؤلفون: Md. Sazzad Hossain, Tomiwa V. Oluwajuwon, Afentina N. Ludgen, David P. Hasert, Marisa Sitanggang, Chinedu Offiah

المصدر: Forest Science and Technology, Vol 19, Iss 4, Pp 268-284 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Above-ground biomass, allometry, biomass expansion factor, pantropical, Hutan Kemasyarakatan, Forestry, SD1-669.5

الوصف: AbstractThe forests in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia have been heavily impacted by logging, mining, fires, and other degradation activities for over 30 years. To address this, the Indonesian government has promoted community-based forest management schemes. One such scheme, called Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm), has introduced Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) in smallholder plantations in Rungan Barat, Gunung Mas, Central Kalimantan. However, accurate estimation of biomass is crucial for carbon sequestration credits, but there are no specific allometric models for estimating Sengon above-ground biomass (AGB) in this area. To create a site-specific AGB allometric model for Sengon, 23 trees were felled to collect fresh biomass data. Various tree variables, such as diameter at breast height: 1.3 m (DBH), total height, merchantable height, and stem bole volume were measured for each sample tree. The average wood basic density of Sengon at the study site was also calculated. A total of nine alternative candidate regression equations were fitted and tested to select the best-fit AGB allometric model. Also, to assess the adaptedness of the identified AGB allometric model, comparisons with the models from literature, and comparisons between two interchangeable methodologies (i.e. direct biomass allometric model and biomass expansion factor (BEF)-based biomass estimation) were undertaken. This study has developed a regression function, denoted as [Formula: see text] to estimate the AGB of Sengon trees in smallholder plantations in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The formulated regression function demonstrated better estimation performance compared to common pantropical and regional AGB allometric models. In terms of the BEF-biomass approach, the AGB estimation derived from Smalian’s volume was relatively accurate, close to the mean AGB obtained by the formulated model in this study. In summary, this study proposes using the developed model, based solely on DBH, to accurately estimate AGB and carbon sequestration potential in Sengon trees. The accurate estimation of AGB using this model has additional advantages, including facilitating carbon credit acquisition and informing long-term management decisions.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/2158-0103; https://doaj.org/toc/2158-0715

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/e5bbdd4df79c4d82ad69edccb57418c0

المؤلفون: Bermúdez-Cova, Miguel A.^{Aff1, Aff2}, Krauß, Anna, Sanjur, Alicia, Tabé, Affoussatou, Hofmann, Tina A., Yorou, Nourou S., Piepenbring, Meike^{Aff1, IDs11557023019135_cor7}

المصدر: Mycological Progress. 22(9)

المؤلفون: Muscarella, R, Emilio, T, Phillips, OL, Lewis, SL, Slik, F, Baker, WJ, Couvreur, TLP, Eiserhardt, WL, Svenning, JC, Affum-Baffoe, K, Aiba, SI, de Almeida, EC, de Almeida, SS, de Oliveira, EA, Álvarez-Dávila, E, Alves, LF, Alvez-Valles, CM, Carvalho, FA, Guarin, FA, Andrade, A, Aragão, LEOC, Murakami, AA, Arroyo, L, Ashton, PS, Corredor, GAA, Baker, TR, de Camargo, PB, Barlow, J, Bastin, JF, Bengone, NN, Berenguer, E, Berry, N, Blanc, L, Böhning-Gaese, K, Bonal, D, Bongers, F, Bradford, M, Brambach, F, Brearley, FQ, Brewer, SW, Camargo, JLC, Campbell, DG, Castilho, CV, Castro, W, Catchpole, D, Cerón Martínez, CE, Chen, S, Chhang, P, Cho, P, Chutipong, W, Clark, C, Collins, M, Comiskey, JA, Medina, MNC, Costa, FRC, Culmsee, H, David-Higuita, H, Davidar, P, del Aguila-Pasquel, J, Derroire, G, Di Fiore, A, Van Do, T, Doucet, JL, Dourdain, A, Drake, DR, Ensslin, A, Erwin, T, Ewango, CEN, Ewers, RM, Fauset, S, Feldpausch, TR, Ferreira, J, Ferreira, LV, Fischer, M, Franklin, J, Fredriksson, GM, Gillespie, TW, Gilpin, M, Gonmadje, C, Gunatilleke, AUN, Hakeem, KR, Hall, JS, Hamer, KC, Harris, DJ, Harrison, RD, Hector, A, Hemp, A, Herault, B, Pizango, CGH, Coronado, ENH, Hubau, W, Hussain, MS, Ibrahim, FH, Imai, N, Joly, CA, Joseph, S, Anitha, K, Kartawinata, K, Kassi, J, Killeen, TJ

المصدر: Global Ecology and Biogeography. 29(9)

مصطلحات موضوعية: above-ground biomass, abundance patterns, Arecaceae, local abiotic conditions, Neotropics, pantropical biogeography, tropical rainforest, wood density, Ecology, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Ecological Applications

الوصف: Aim: Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location: Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period: Current. Major taxa studied: Palms (Arecaceae). Methods: We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co-occurring non-palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results: On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long-term climate stability. Life-form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non-tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above-ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions: Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neotropical. Future work to understand the contributions of tree palms to biomass estimates and carbon cycling will be particularly crucial in Neotropical forests.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5v24z3r1

المؤلفون: Promporn Piboon, Anocha Poommouang, Kittisak Buddhachat, Patcharaporn Kaewmong, Kongkiat Kittiwattanawong, Korakot Nganvongpanit

المصدر: Veterinary World, Vol 15, Iss 8, Pp 2004-2011 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: cetaceans, diversity, indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin, pantropical spotted dolphin, population structure, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100

الوصف: Background and Aim: The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus, and the pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata, are protected marine mammals in Thailand; however, knowledge regarding the populations of both species in Thai seas is minimal. We aimed to reveal the genetic diversity and population structure of two species, T. aduncus, and S. attenuata, based on inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs). Materials and Methods: Samples of stranded T. aduncus (n = 30) and S. attenuata (n = 23) found along Thai Andaman Sea coasts from 1998 to 2018 were used in this study. A total of 17 and 16 ISSR primers that produced clear and polymorphic bands were selected for T. aduncus and S. attenuata, respectively. Results: The highest percentages of polymorphic bands for T. aduncus and S. attenuata were 93.750% and 92.857%, respectively. Phylogenetic dendrograms indicated that the population of each species was clustered into three groups. This outcome was consistent with the genetic population structure, as both suggested three genetic clusters (ΔK = 3). Genetic diversity analysis revealed that the average Shannon's information index (I) was 1.926 ± 0.066 for T. aduncus and 1.714 ± 0.090 for S. attenuata, which indicate a high level of genetic variation. Further, low fixation index (F) values were observed for T. aduncus and S. attenuata at –0.231 ± 0.024 and –0.312 ± 0.042, respectively, suggesting that inbreeding is unlikely to have occurred for both species over the past decades. Conclusion: At least three genetic clusters of both species were found in the Thai Andaman Sea, and the diversity indices of each species indicated that these species are not at a critical level for extinction. However, monitoring their population status should be prioritized to observe any future changes in the level of diversity.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/August-2022/13.pdf; https://doaj.org/toc/0972-8988; https://doaj.org/toc/2231-0916

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/92489c6dd84545e0a4c537b409dd9702

المؤلفون: Baptiste Courtin, Cédric Millon, Aurore Feunteun, Morjane Safi, Nathalie Duporge, Jaime Bolaños-Jiménez, Dalia C. Barragán-Barrera, Laurent Bouveret, Benjamin de Montgolfier

المصدر: Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: abundance, distribution, capture-recapture, pantropical spotted dolphin, stenella attenuata, French West Indies, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5

الوصف: The Agoa protected marine area, located in the French West Indies, eastern Caribbean, holds several cetacean species, of which the pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata is the most commonly observed. This species is the focus of whale-watching activities off the leeward coasts of Guadeloupe and Martinique, which has allowed the development of a citizen science program to characterize individuals through the collection of photographic data. Here, we conducted a photo-identification study with a sample of 115,705 photos collected between 2014 and 2019, in which 290 marked individuals (179 in Guadeloupe and 111 in Martinique) were identified. Based on an Agglomerative Hierarchical Classification (AHC) analysis, dolphins from each island were separated into two residency clusters. The Catch–Mark–Release (CMR) POPAN statistical model for open populations estimated the pantropical spotted dolphin populations in Guadeloupe and Martinique at 657 (95% CI: 525–821) and 336 (95% CI: 253–446) individuals for frequent users, respectively, while occasional visitors were estimated at 3,063 (95% CI: 2,133–4,398) and 1,443 (95% CI: 1,024–2,033), respectively. The Martinique population tended to use a reduced coastal area and appeared to be smaller and stable, while the Guadeloupe population showed a slight decline in abundance throughout the study period. These results showed that the leeward coasts of Guadeloupe and Martinique are of particular importance for pantropical spotted dolphin populations, highlighting the need for continued monitoring through both scientific and citizen science programs to fill information gaps on this species in the eastern Caribbean.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.939263/full; https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/957adb90ed0f4826a56a81a617d08fe6

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المؤلفون: Rezende, Danúbia Aparecida de Carvalho Selvati, Cardoso, Maria das Graças, Konig, Isaac Filipe Moreira, Lunguinho, Allan da Silva, Ferreira, Vanuzia Rodrigues Fernandes, Brandão, Rafaela Magalhães, Gonçalves, Raquel Romano Palmeira, Caetano, Alex Rodrigues Silva, Nelson, David Lee, Remedio, Rafael Neodini^Aff4

المصدر: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia: Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy. 31(4):470-476

المؤلفون: Weijie Fu, Zhongchang Song, Teng Wang, Zhanyuan Gao, Jie Li, Peng Zhang, Yu Zhang

المصدر: Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 9 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: pantropical spotted dolphins (Stenella attenuata), bycatch mitigation, acoustic deterrent system, fishery interaction, acoustic monitoring, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5

الوصف: Commercial fishing constitutes an important food source but induces undesirable bycatch on animals worldwide. This study extends bycatch research geographically to the Western Pacific Ocean, filling a knowledge gap regarding bycatch and mitigation measures in the region. Bycatch has caused many lethal consequences to the pantropical spotted dolphins (Stenella attenuata) during their interaction with fisheries in the research area. We provided a self-developed acoustic deterrent system and conducted field experiments, suggesting its effectiveness as a potential useful conservation tool to reduce bycatch. Dolphins departed the area and the number of dolphins in sight declined to zero after the deployment of the system. Additional evidence was reflected in acoustic recordings, showing the number of clicks emitted by dolphins decreased from 1,502 to 136 per minute after the ADS was activated. Meanwhile, click amplitude was reduced by 84%, indicating an increase in the distance between dolphins and the system. These combined results indicate that the system was effective in driving dolphins away to facilitate the conservation of the species by protecting them from potential bycatch.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.1023860/full; https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/e21c906b01c5425681436e92526dceff