المؤلفون: Orgueira, AM, Raindo, AP, Lopez, MC, Arias, JAD, Perez, MSG, Rodriguez, BA, Vence, NA, Perez, LB, Ferro, RF, Ferreiro, MA, Blanco, AA, Trabazo, EF, Cerchione C, Martinnelli G, Fernandez, PM, Encinas, MMP, Lopez, JLB

المصدر: Frontiers in Oncology
r-IIS La Fe. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
instname

مصطلحات موضوعية: machine learning, gene expression, cancer, prognosis, acute myeloid leukemia, survival

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=RECOLECTA___::e42920ba8f2d1117053ee1a60863ee07
https://fundanet.iislafe.san.gva.es/publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=14205

المؤلفون: Gonzalez-Hernandez, MG, Morales, JM, Azuara-Blanco, AA, Sanchez, JG Garcia, Rosa, MG Gonzalez de la

المصدر: Ophthalmologica; November 2005, Vol. 219 Issue: 6 p373-378, 6p

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المؤلفون: Blanco AA; Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA., Adams DJ; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA., Azoulay JD; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA., Spinu L; Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA., Wiley JB; Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.

المصدر: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) [Molecules] 2024 Jan 04; Vol. 29 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 04.

نوع المنشور: Published Erratum

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE

المؤلفون: Olawoye O; Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, UK.; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine., Kizor-Akaraiwe N; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Technology.; The Eye Specialists Hospital (TESH)., Pons J; Good Shepherd Hospital, Siteki, Eswatini., Sarimiye T; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine., Washaya J; Department of Ophthalmology University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe., Hughes S; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine., Ashaye A; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine., Garba F; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria., Gessesse GW; St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Chitedze R; The Eyes of Africa, Childlegacy International., Ibanga A; Department of Ophthalmology, College of medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar., Saka V; Eyes of Africa, Malawi., Agre J; Centre d' Ophtalmologie Siloam Abidjan, Côté D Ivoire, West Africa., Mahdi A; Department of Ophthalmology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi., Ogunro A; Eye Foundation Hospital Group., Budengeri P; Clinique de l'Oeil de, Bujumbura, Burundi., Ajibode HA; Department of Ophthalmology, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu., Tamrat L; St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Onakoya A; Department of Ophthalmology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi Araba, Lagos., Okeke S; Enugu State University of Science and Technology., Hulley JA; The Eye Centre, East London, South Africa., Giorgis A; Department of ophthalmology, SM, CHS, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Onyekachi IW; Department of Ophthalmology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State., Okosa CC; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku Ozalla Campus, Enugu., Ogbonnaya C; Department of Ophthalmology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki., Abdulsalam S; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria., Fowobaje K; Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan., Cook S; The Eye Centre, East London, South Africa., Lawrence S; St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI., Macheka B; Sekuru Kaguvi Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe., Chan VF; Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, UK., Blanco AA; Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, UK., Congdon N; Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, UK.; Orbis International, New York, NY., Realini T; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV.

مؤلفون مشاركون: STAGE Research Group

المصدر: Journal of glaucoma [J Glaucoma] 2022 Sep 01; Vol. 31 (9), pp. 717-723. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 27.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9300903 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1536-481X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10570829 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Glaucoma Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Glaucoma*/complications , Glaucoma*/diagnosis , Glaucoma, Open-Angle*/complications , Glaucoma, Open-Angle*/diagnosis, Aged ; Blindness/diagnosis ; Blindness/epidemiology ; Blindness/etiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Middle Aged

المؤلفون: Blanco AA; Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA., Adams DJ; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA., Azoulay JD; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA., Spinu L; Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA., Wiley JB; Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.

المصدر: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) [Molecules] 2022 Feb 11; Vol. 27 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 11.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE

المؤلفون: Aytulun A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Cruz-Herranz A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Aktas O; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Balcer LJ; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Balk L; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Barboni P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Blanco AA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Calabresi PA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Costello F; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Sanchez-Dalmau B; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., DeBuc DC; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Feltgen N; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Finger RP; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Frederiksen JL; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Frohman E; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Frohman T; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Garway-Heath D; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Gabilondo I; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Graves JS; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Green AJ; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Hartung HP; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Havla J; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Holz FG; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Imitola J; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Kenney R; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Klistorner A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Knier B; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Korn T; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Kolbe S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Krämer J; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Lagrèze WA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Leocani L; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Maier O; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Martínez-Lapiscina EH; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Meuth S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Outteryck O; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Paul F; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Petzold A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Pihl-Jensen G; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Preiningerova JL; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Rebolleda G; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Ringelstein M; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Saidha S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Schippling S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Schuman JS; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Sergott RC; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Toosy A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Villoslada P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Wolf S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Yeh EA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Yu-Wai-Man P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Zimmermann HG; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Brandt AU; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Albrecht P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI. phil.albrecht@gmail.com.

المصدر: Neurology [Neurology] 2021 Jul 13; Vol. 97 (2), pp. 68-79. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 28.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Research Design* , Tomography, Optical Coherence*, Retinal Diseases/*diagnostic imaging, Consensus ; Delphi Technique ; Humans ; Ophthalmology/methods

المؤلفون: Hamdi J; Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Research Institute , University of New Orleans , New Orleans , Louisiana 70148 , United States., Blanco AA; Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Research Institute , University of New Orleans , New Orleans , Louisiana 70148 , United States., Diehl B; Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Research Institute , University of New Orleans , New Orleans , Louisiana 70148 , United States., Wiley JB; Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Research Institute , University of New Orleans , New Orleans , Louisiana 70148 , United States., Trudell ML; Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Research Institute , University of New Orleans , New Orleans , Louisiana 70148 , United States.

المصدر: Organic letters [Org Lett] 2019 May 17; Vol. 21 (10), pp. 3471-3475. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Apr 03.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Chemical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100890393 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1523-7052 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15237052 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Org Lett Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

المؤلفون: Williams M; Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK. m.williams@qub.ac.uk., Blanco AA; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK.; Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK., Hogg R; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK., Mahon G; Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK., McMullan M; Northern Ireland Health and Social Care Board, Belfast, UK., Curran R; Northern Ireland Health and Social Care Board, Belfast, UK., Watson M; Northern Ireland Hospice, Belfast, UK.

المصدر: Eye (London, England) [Eye (Lond)] 2018 Dec; Vol. 32 (12), pp. 1910-1911. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Aug 01.

نوع المنشور: Letter

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8703986 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-5454 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0950222X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eye (Lond) Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Community Health Services/*organization & administration , Ophthalmology/*organization & administration , Optometry/*organization & administration , Primary Health Care/*organization & administration, Attitude of Health Personnel ; Education, Professional/organization & administration ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Ophthalmology/education ; Optometry/education ; Prospective Studies