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المؤلفون: Moraba, MM, Mabusela, MS, Mashinya, F, Dikotope, SA, Choma, SSR
المصدر: African Journal for Physical Activity and Health Sciences; Vol 21, No 2 (2015); 519-538
وصف الملف: application/pdf
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=78975075580c::462f7a2132990f6c726ec95a4edaf76e
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajpherd/article/view/119017 -
2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Isaacson C, Choma SSR
المصدر: South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2008, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p43-43, 1p
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3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Chikwati RP; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: raylton.chikwati@wits.ac.za., Jaff NG; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: nrj1@mweb.co.za., Mahyoodeen NG; Department of Internal Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: mahyoodeen@yahoo.com., Micklesfield LK; SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: Lisa.Micklesfield@wits.ac.za., Ramsay M; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: Michele.Ramsay@wits.ac.za., Gómez-Olivé FX; Medical Research Council/Wits University Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: F.Gomez-OliveCasas@wits.ac.za., Mohamed SF; Chronic Disease Management Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya. Electronic address: smohamed@aphrc.org., Choma SSR; Department of Pathology, DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa. Electronic address: solomon.choma@ul.ac.za., George JA; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; The Diagnostic Innovation Hub (DIH), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: Jaya.george@wits.ac.za., Crowther NJ; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: nigel.crowther@nhls.ac.za.
المصدر: Maturitas [Maturitas] 2024 Sep; Vol. 187, pp. 108069. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 7807333 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4111 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03785122 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Maturitas Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: HIV Infections*/complications , HIV Infections*/epidemiology , Menopause* , Cardiometabolic Risk Factors*, Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Adult ; Risk Factors ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Postmenopause ; Premenopause ; Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology ; Body Mass Index ; Blood Pressure
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4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Chikwati RP; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: rayltonc@gmail.com., Mahyoodeen NG; Department of Internal Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Jaff NG; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Ramsay M; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Micklesfield LK; South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Wade AN; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Agongo G; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana; Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Science, Navrongo, Ghana., Asiki G; African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya., Choma SSR; Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, DIMAMO HDSS, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa., Boua PR; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Burkina Faso., George JA; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa., Crowther NJ; Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
المصدر: Maturitas [Maturitas] 2023 Jun; Vol. 172, pp. 60-68. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 20.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 7807333 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4111 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03785122 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Maturitas Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Postmenopause* , Cardiovascular Diseases*/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases*/etiology, Humans ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Kenya ; Risk Factors
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5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Ntimana CB; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa., Choma SSR; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa.
المصدر: Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2023 May 12; Vol. 11, pp. 1165662. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 12 (Print Publication: 2023).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Frontiers Editorial Office Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101616579 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2296-2565 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22962565 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Obesity, Abdominal*/epidemiology , Obesity*/epidemiology, Male ; Humans ; Female ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Retrospective Studies
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Wade AN; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa Alisha.wade@wits.ac.za., Maposa I; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa., Agongo G; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana.; Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana., Asiki G; Health and Systems for Health Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya., Boua P; Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Choma SSR; Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa., Gómez-Olivé FX; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa., Maimela E; Department of Public Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa., Micklesfield LK; South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Mohamed SF; Health and Systems for Health Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya., Nonterah EA; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana., Norris SA; South African Medical Research Council/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Global Health Research Institute, School of Health and Human Development, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK., Sorgho H; Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso., Ramsay M; Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa., Crowther NJ; Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa.
مؤلفون مشاركون: AWIGen and the H3Africa Consortium
المصدر: BMJ open [BMJ Open] 2023 Apr 27; Vol. 13 (4), pp. e069193. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 27.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101552874 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2044-6055 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20446055 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMJ Open Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Diabetes Mellitus*/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus*/therapy , Hypertension*/epidemiology, Middle Aged ; Adult ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Blood Glucose ; Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology ; Prevalence
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Nonterah EA; Navrongo Health Research Centre Ghana Health Service Navrongo Ghana.; Julius Global Health Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands., Crowther NJ; Department of Chemical Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences National Health Laboratory Service University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa., Klipstein-Grobusch K; Julius Global Health Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands.; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa., Oduro AR; Navrongo Health Research Centre Ghana Health Service Navrongo Ghana., Kavousi M; Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam the Netherlands., Agongo G; Navrongo Health Research Centre Ghana Health Service Navrongo Ghana.; Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science CK Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (UTAS) Navrongo Ghana., Anderson TJ; Department of Cardiac Sciences and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta University of Calgary Alberta Canada., Asiki G; African Population and Health Research Centre (APHRC) Nairobi Kenya., Boua PR; Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro Institut de Recherché en Sciences de la Santé Nanoro Burkina Faso., Choma SSR; Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences DIMAMO Health and Demographic Surveillance System University of Limpopo South Africa., Couper DJ; Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center Department of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill NC., Engström G; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden., de Graaf J; Division of Vascular Medicine Department of General Internal Medicine Nijmegen University Medical Centre Nijmegen the Netherlands., Kauhanen J; The Institute of Public Health and clinical Nutrition School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Eastern Finland (UEF) Helsinki Finland., Lonn EM; Division of Cardiology and Population Health Research Institute Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada., Mathiesen EB; Brain and Circulation Research Group Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Tromsø Norway., Micklesfield LK; South African Medical Research Council/Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU) Department of Paediatrics School of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa., Okazaki S; Department of Neurology, Stroke Center Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan., Polak JF; Department of Radiology Tufts Medical Center Boston MA., Rundek T; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL., Salonen JT; MAS-Metabolic Analytical Services Oy Helsinki Finland., Tollman SM; South African Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt) School of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa., Tuomainen TP; The Institute of Public Health and clinical Nutrition School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Eastern Finland (UEF) Helsinki Finland., Grobbee DE; Julius Global Health Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands., Ramsay M; Sydney Brenner Institute of Molecular Bioscience Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa., Bots ML; Julius Global Health Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands.
مؤلفون مشاركون: H3Africa AWI‐Gen, USE‐IMT collaborative study group
المصدر: Journal of the American Heart Association [J Am Heart Assoc] 2022 Aug 02; Vol. 11 (15), pp. e023704. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 25.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101580524 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2047-9980 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20479980 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Am Heart Assoc Subsets: MEDLINE
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Nonterah EA; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana.; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Boateng D; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Crowther NJ; Department of Chemical Pathology, National Laboratory Health Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Klipstein-Grobusch K; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Oduro AR; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana., Agongo G; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana.; Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C.K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana., Mohamed SF; African Population Health Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya., Boua PR; Institut de Recherché en Sciences de la Santé, Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso., Choma SSR; DIMAMO Health Demographic Surveillance Site, Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa., Norris SA; MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Tollman SM; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Bots ML; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Ramsay M; Sydney Brenner Institute of Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Grobbee D; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
المصدر: JAMA network open [JAMA Netw Open] 2022 Apr 01; Vol. 5 (4), pp. e227559. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 01.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101729235 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2574-3805 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25743805 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Netw Open Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Atherosclerosis*/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases*/epidemiology , Carotid Artery Diseases*/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery Diseases*/epidemiology , Hypertension*/epidemiology, Albumins ; Albuminuria/epidemiology ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Ghana ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
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9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Ringane MC; Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa. mc.ringane@gmail.com., Choma SSR; Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, South Africa.
المصدر: BMC cardiovascular disorders [BMC Cardiovasc Disord] 2021 Dec 01; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 575. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 01.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968539 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2261 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712261 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Cardiovasc Disord Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Carotid Intima-Media Thickness* , Waist Circumference*, Carotid Artery Diseases/*diagnostic imaging , Obesity/*diagnosis, Adult ; Asymptomatic Diseases ; Black People ; Carotid Artery Diseases/ethnology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/ethnology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prevalence ; Risk Assessment ; South Africa/epidemiology
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10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Nonterah EA; Clinical Sciences Department, Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana. engelbert.nonterah@navrongo-hrc.org.; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. engelbert.nonterah@navrongo-hrc.org., Crowther NJ; Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Services, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Oduro A; Clinical Sciences Department, Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana., Agongo G; Clinical Sciences Department, Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Navrongo, Ghana., Micklesfield LK; MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Boua PR; Institut de Recherché en Sciences de la Santé, Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso., Choma SSR; DIMAMO Health Demographic Surveillance Site, Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, School of Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa., Mohamed SF; African Population Health Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya., Sorgho H; Institut de Recherché en Sciences de la Santé, Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso., Tollman SM; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Norris SA; MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Raal FJ; Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Grobbee DE; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Ramsay M; Sydney Brenner Institute of Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa., Bots ML; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Klipstein-Grobusch K; Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
مؤلفون مشاركون: as part of the H3Africa AWI-Gen study
المصدر: BMC medicine [BMC Med] 2021 Feb 10; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 30. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 10.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101190723 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1741-7015 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17417015 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Med Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Health Status*, Atherosclerosis/*diagnosis , Atherosclerosis/*epidemiology , Carotid Intima-Media Thickness/*statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/*diagnosis, Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Burkina Faso ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Ghana ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Kenya ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Smoking/epidemiology ; South Africa ; Ultrasonography