المؤلفون: Ye Y, Jiang H, Shen M, Lam BL, DeBuc DC, Ge L, Sehi M, Wang J

المصدر: Clinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 2085-2092 (2012)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Ophthalmology, RE1-994

وصف الملف: electronic resource

Relation: http://www.dovepress.com/retinal-oximetry-using-ultrahigh-resolution-optical-coherence-tomograp-a11728; https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467; https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483

URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/29ba21170ba64b90850ce95acde050ab

المؤلفون: Rozhyna A; Informatics Institute, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), 3960 Sierre, Switzerland.; Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland., Somfai GM; Department of Ophthalmology, Stadtspital Zürich, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland.; Spross Research Institute, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland., Atzori M; Informatics Institute, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), 3960 Sierre, Switzerland.; Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, 35121 Padova, Italy., DeBuc DC; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Saad A; Department of Ophthalmology, Stadtspital Zürich, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland.; Spross Research Institute, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland., Zoellin J; Department of Ophthalmology, Stadtspital Zürich, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland.; Spross Research Institute, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland., Müller H; Informatics Institute, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO), 3960 Sierre, Switzerland.; Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.; The Sense Research and Innovation Center, 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland.

المصدر: Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) [Diagnostics (Basel)] 2024 Aug 01; Vol. 14 (15). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101658402 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2075-4418 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20754418 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Diagnostics (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

المؤلفون: Stuebiger N; Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany., Lee WH; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Birtel J; Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany., Druchkiv V; Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany., Davis JL; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., DeBuc DC; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

المصدر: Journal of clinical medicine [J Clin Med] 2024 Jul 08; Vol. 13 (13). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 08.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101606588 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2077-0383 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20770383 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Med Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

المؤلفون: Acuña K; School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA., Sapahia R; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Jiménez IN; Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Arts & Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada., Antonietti M; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Anzola I; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Cruz M; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., García MT; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Krishnan V; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Leveille LA; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Resch MD; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary., Galor A; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Habash R; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA., DeBuc DC; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

المصدر: Journal of clinical medicine [J Clin Med] 2024 Jan 04; Vol. 13 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 04.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101606588 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2077-0383 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20770383 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Med Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

المؤلفون: DeBuc DC; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. Electronic address: dcabrera2@med.miami.edu.

المصدر: The Lancet. Digital health [Lancet Digit Health] 2023 May; Vol. 5 (5), pp. e249-e250. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 23.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Comment

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101751302 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2589-7500 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25897500 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Lancet Digit Health Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Retina* , Diabetic Retinopathy*, Humans ; Biomarkers ; Artificial Intelligence

المؤلفون: Mahanna-Gabrielli E; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA., Kuwayama S; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA., Tarraf W; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA., Kaur S; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA., DeBuc DC; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA., Cai J; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Daviglus ML; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Joslin CE; University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA., Lee DJ; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA., Mendoza-Santiesteban C; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA., Stickel AM; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA., Zheng D; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA., González HM; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA., Ramos AR; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

المصدر: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD [J Alzheimers Dis] 2023; Vol. 92 (4), pp. 1257-1267.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: IOS Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 9814863 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1875-8908 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13872877 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Alzheimers Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Cognitive Dysfunction*/diagnosis , Cognitive Dysfunction*/ethnology , Cognitive Dysfunction*/etiology , Cognitive Dysfunction*/psychology , Hispanic or Latino*/psychology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*/ethnology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*/psychology , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders*/complications , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders*/diagnosis , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders*/ethnology , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders*/psychology , Vision Disorders*/complications , Vision Disorders*/diagnosis , Vision Disorders*/ethnology , Vision Disorders*/psychology, Aged ; Humans ; Self Report ; Sleep ; Sleepiness ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Duration ; Speech Disorders/diagnosis ; Speech Disorders/ethnology ; Speech Disorders/etiology ; Speech Disorders/psychology

المؤلفون: Szalai I; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest,Hungary., Csorba A; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest,Hungary., Jing T; Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA., Horváth E; Independent Statistician, Budapest,Hungary., Bosnyák E; Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest,Hungary., Györe I; Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest,Hungary., Zsolt Nagy Z; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest,Hungary., DeBuc DC; Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA., Tóth M; Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest,Hungary.; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest,Hungary., Somfai GM; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest,Hungary.; Department of Ophthalmology, Stadtspital Zürich, Zürich,Switzerland.; Spross Research Institute, Zürich,Switzerland.

المصدر: Journal of aging and physical activity [J Aging Phys Act] 2022 Dec 24; Vol. 31 (3), pp. 497-505. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 24 (Print Publication: 2023).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9415639 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1543-267X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10638652 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Aging Phys Act Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Quality of Life* , Retina*/diagnostic imaging , Retina*/pathology, Humans ; Aged ; Choroid/diagnostic imaging ; Choroid/pathology ; Exercise ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods

المؤلفون: Resch MD; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. miklosresch@gmail.com., Balogh A; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Ophthalmology Uzsoki Hospital, Budapest, Hungary., Kurth T; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Nagy ZZ; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., DeBuc DC; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA., Papp A; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.

المصدر: BMC ophthalmology [BMC Ophthalmol] 2022 Dec 05; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 469. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100967802 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2415 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712415 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Ophthalmol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Retinal Vessels*/pathology , Macular Degeneration*/pathology, Humans ; Fluorescein Angiography/methods ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Intravitreal Injections ; Atrophy/pathology ; Retrospective Studies

المؤلفون: Szalai I; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Csorba A; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Pálya F; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Jing T; Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America., Horváth E; Independent statistician, Budapest, Hungary., Bosnyák E; Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary., Györe I; Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary., Nagy ZZ; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., DeBuc DC; Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America., Tóth M; Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Somfai GM; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Ophthalmology, Stadtspital, Zürich, Switzerland.; Spross Research Institute, Zürich, Switzerland.

المصدر: PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 May 25; Vol. 17 (5), pp. e0268770. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 25 (Print Publication: 2022).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Choroid*/blood supply , Choroid*/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence*/methods, Adolescent ; Adult ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retina/diagnostic imaging ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Young Adult

المؤلفون: Aytulun A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Cruz-Herranz A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Aktas O; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Balcer LJ; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Balk L; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Barboni P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Blanco AA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Calabresi PA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Costello F; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Sanchez-Dalmau B; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., DeBuc DC; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Feltgen N; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Finger RP; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Frederiksen JL; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Frohman E; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Frohman T; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Garway-Heath D; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Gabilondo I; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Graves JS; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Green AJ; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Hartung HP; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Havla J; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Holz FG; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Imitola J; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Kenney R; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Klistorner A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Knier B; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Korn T; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Kolbe S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Krämer J; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Lagrèze WA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Leocani L; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Maier O; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Martínez-Lapiscina EH; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Meuth S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Outteryck O; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Paul F; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Petzold A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Pihl-Jensen G; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Preiningerova JL; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Rebolleda G; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Ringelstein M; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Saidha S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Schippling S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Schuman JS; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Sergott RC; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Toosy A; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Villoslada P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Wolf S; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Yeh EA; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Yu-Wai-Man P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Zimmermann HG; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Brandt AU; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI., Albrecht P; From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (A.A., O.A., H.-P.H., O.M., S.M., M.R., P.A.), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.C.-H., A.J.G.), University of California San Francisco; Departments of Neurology, Population Health, and Ophthalmology (L.J.B., R.K.), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Mulier Institute (L.B.), Centre for Research on Sports in Society, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Scientific Institute San Raffaele (P.B.), Milan, Italy; Centre for Public Health (A.A.B.), Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; Division of Neuroimmunology (P.A.C., S. Saidha), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery (F.C.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut d'Investigacións Biomediques August Pi iSunyer (IDIBAPS) and Hospital Clinic (B.S.-D., E.H.M.-L., P.V.), University of Barcelona, Spain; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (D.C.D.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Ophthalmology (N.F.), University Medical Center, Göttingen; Department of Ophthalmology (R.P.F., F.G.H.), University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology (J.L.F., G.P.-J.), Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology (E.F., T.F.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA; Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (D.G.-H.), London, UK; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute (I.G.), Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J.H.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; UConn Health Comprehensive MS Center, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology (J.I.), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (B.K., T.K.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine and Radiology (S.K.), University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology (J.K.), University of Münster; Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine (W.A.L.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L.), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (O.O.), Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172-LilNCog (JPARC), France; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., H.G.Z., A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Moorfields Eye Hospital (A.P.), The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Neuro-ophthalmology Expert Center (A.P.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine (J.L.P.), Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Ophthalmology (G.R.), Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Medicine University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (S. Schippling), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience, and Physiology (J.S.S.), NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York; Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.S.S.), NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; Thomas Jefferson University Medical College (R.C.S.), Philadelphia, PA; Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (A.T.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Departments of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research (S.W.), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health SickKids Research Institute, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.Y.-W.-M.), University of Cambridge; Moorfields Eye Hospital (P.Y.-W.-M.), London, UK; University of California (A.U.B.), Irvine; and IMSVISUAL (A.A., A.C.-H., O.A., L.J.B., L.B., P.A.C., F.C., J.L.F., E.F., T.F., I.G., J.S.G., A.J.G., H.-P.H., J.H., J.I., R.K., A.K., B.K., T.K., J.K., L.L., E.H.M.-L., S.M., O.O., F.P., A.P., G.P.-J., J.L.P., M.R., S. Saidha, S. Schippling, R.C.S., P.V., E.A.Y., H.G.Z., A.U.B., P.A.), International Multiple Sclerosis Visual System Consortium, Middleton, WI. phil.albrecht@gmail.com.

المصدر: Neurology [Neurology] 2021 Jul 13; Vol. 97 (2), pp. 68-79. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Apr 28.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0401060 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-632X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283878 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Research Design* , Tomography, Optical Coherence*, Retinal Diseases/*diagnostic imaging, Consensus ; Delphi Technique ; Humans ; Ophthalmology/methods