المؤلفون: Vithana, EN, Khor, CC, Qiao, C, Nongpiur, ME, George, R, Chen, LJ, Do, T, Abu-Amero, K, Huang, CK, Low, S, Tajudin, LSA, Perera, SA, Cheng, CY, Xu, L, Jia, H, Ho, CL, Sim, KS, Wu, RY, Tham, CCY, Chew, PTK, Su, DH, Oen, FT, Sarangapani, S, Soumittra, N, Osman, EA, Wong, HT, Tang, G, Fan, S, Meng, H, Huong, DTL, Wang, H, Feng, B, Baskaran, M, Shantha, B, Ramprasad, VL, Kumaramanickavel, G, Iyengar, SK, How, AC, Lee, KY, Sivakumaran, TA, Yong, VHK, Ting, SML, Li, Y, Wang, YX, Tay, WT, Sim, X, Lavanya, R, Cornes, BK, Zheng, YF, Wong, TT, Loon, SC, Yong, VKY, Waseem, N, Yaakub, A, Chia, KS, Rand Allingham, R, Hauser, MA, Lam, DSC, Hibberd, ML, Bhattacharya, SS, Zhang, M, Teo, YY, Tan, DT, Jonas, JB, Tai, ES, Saw, SM, Hon, DN, Al-Obeidan, SA, Liu, J, Chau, TNB, Simmons, CP, Bei, JX, Zeng, YX, Foster, PJ, Vijaya, L, Wong, TY

المصدر: Nature Genetics. 44(10)

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Glaucoma, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Collagen Type XI, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, Polymorphism (computer science), Epidemiology, Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Stickler syndrome, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, education, education.field_of_study, Principal Component Analysis, Case-control study, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Repressor Proteins, Logistic Models, Genetic Loci, Case-Control Studies, Carrier Proteins, Glaucoma, Angle-Closure, Genome-Wide Association Study

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1c003ef0890f867d0d46d37c6414a8d9
http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b22d4ab0-3d74-4fa2-90c3-fe9cd269196a

المؤلفون: Rukmini AV; Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Milea D; Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Baskaran M; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., How AC; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Perera SA; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Aung T; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Gooley JJ; Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore. Electronic address: joshua.gooley@duke-nus.edu.sg.

المصدر: Ophthalmology [Ophthalmology] 2015 Sep; Vol. 122 (9), pp. 1777-85.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7802443 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1549-4713 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01616420 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ophthalmology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Light*, Glaucoma, Open-Angle/*diagnosis , Optic Nerve Diseases/*diagnosis , Pupil Disorders/*diagnosis , Reflex, Pupillary/*radiation effects , Retinal Ganglion Cells/*pathology , Vision Disorders/*diagnosis, Aged ; Asian People ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/classification ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Tonometry, Ocular ; Visual Acuity/physiology ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields/physiology

المؤلفون: Tsai AS; Singapore National Eye Centre †Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore, Singapore., How AC, Su DH, Lee KY, Wong TT, Perera SA

المصدر: Journal of glaucoma [J Glaucoma] 2014 Oct-Nov; Vol. 23 (8), pp. 521-5.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Observational Study

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9300903 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1536-481X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10570829 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Glaucoma Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Glaucoma/*diagnosis , Intraocular Pressure/*physiology , Tonometry, Ocular/*instrumentation, Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Disposable Equipment ; Female ; Glaucoma/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Tonometry, Ocular/methods ; Young Adult

المؤلفون: Yong KL; Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Gong T; Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Nongpiur ME; Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., How AC; Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Lee HK; Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Cheng L; Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Perera SA; Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Republic of Singapore., Aung T; Singapore National Eye Centre and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore. Electronic address: aung.tin@snec.com.sg.

المصدر: Ophthalmology [Ophthalmology] 2014 Aug; Vol. 121 (8), pp. 1566-71. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Mar 25.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7802443 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1549-4713 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01616420 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ophthalmology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/*epidemiology , Myopia/*epidemiology, Adult ; Aged ; Anterior Chamber/pathology ; Asian People/ethnology ; Axial Length, Eye/pathology ; Biometry ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/classification ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/diagnosis ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lens, Crystalline/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myopia/diagnosis ; Prospective Studies ; Singapore/epidemiology ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vitreous Body/pathology

المؤلفون: Nongpiur ME; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Khor CC; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Infectious Diseases, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Jia H; Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China., Cornes BK; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Chen LJ; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Qiao C; Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China., Nair KS; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America., Cheng CY; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., Xu L; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China., George R; Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India., Tan D; Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam., Abu-Amero K; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Perera SA; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Ozaki M; Ozaki Eye Hospital, Hyuga, Japan., Mizoguchi T; Mizoguchi Eye Clinic, Sasebo, Japan., Kurimoto Y; Kobe Gen Hospital, Kobe, Japan., Low S; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom., Tajudin LS; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia., Ho CL; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Tham CC; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Soto I; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America., Chew PT; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., Wong HT; Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore., Shantha B; Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India., Kuroda M; Kobe Gen Hospital, Kobe, Japan., Osman EA; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Tang G; Xingtai Eye Hospital, Xingtai, China., Fan S; Handan Eye Hospital, Handan, China., Meng H; Anyang Eye Hospital, Anyang, China., Wang H; Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China., Feng B; Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China., Yong VH; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Ting SM; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Li Y; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China., Wang YX; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China., Li Z; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Lavanya R; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Wu RY; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Zheng YF; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Su DH; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Loon SC; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., Yong VK, Allingham RR; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America., Hauser MA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America., Soumittra N; Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India., Ramprasad VL; Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India., Waseem N; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom., Yaakub A; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia., Chia KS; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., Kumaramanickavel G; Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India., Wong TT; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., How AC; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Chau TN; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Simmons CP; Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom., Bei JX; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China., Zeng YX; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China; Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China; Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China., Bhattacharya SS; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom., Zhang M; Shantou University/Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou, China., Tan DT; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., Teo YY; Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Al-Obeidan SA; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Hon DN; Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam., Tai ES; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Department of Medicine, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., Saw SM; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Foster PJ; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom., Vijaya L; Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India., Jonas JB; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Germany., Wong TY; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., John SW; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America., Pang CP; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Vithana EN; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore., Wang N; Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China., Aung T; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore.

المصدر: PLoS genetics [PLoS Genet] 2014 Mar 06; Vol. 10 (3), pp. e1004089. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Mar 06 (Print Publication: 2014).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101239074 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1553-7404 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15537390 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS Genet Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Genome-Wide Association Study*, Anterior Chamber/*pathology , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/*genetics , Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/*genetics, Anterior Chamber/metabolism ; Asian People ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/pathology ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors

المؤلفون: Wei X; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Nongpiur ME, de Leon MS, Baskaran M, Perera SA, How AC, Vithana EN, Khor CC, Aung T

المصدر: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science [Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci] 2014 Feb 24; Vol. 55 (2), pp. 1143-8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Feb 24.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Association For Research In Vision And Ophthalmology (Arvo) Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7703701 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-5783 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01460404 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*, Carrier Proteins/*genetics , Collagen Type XI/*genetics , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/*genetics , Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase/*genetics, Disease Progression ; Female ; Filtering Surgery ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/diagnosis ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/surgery ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index

المؤلفون: Baskaran M; Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore and Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Ho SW, Tun TA, How AC, Perera SA, Friedman DS, Aung T

المصدر: Ophthalmology [Ophthalmology] 2013 Nov; Vol. 120 (11), pp. 2226-31. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Jun 14.

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7802443 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1549-4713 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01616420 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ophthalmology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/*diagnosis , Iris/*pathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods , Trabecular Meshwork/*pathology, Anterior Chamber/pathology ; Area Under Curve ; Female ; Gonioscopy ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Tissue Adhesions ; Tonometry, Ocular

المؤلفون: Guzman CP; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore., Gong T, Nongpiur ME, Perera SA, How AC, Lee HK, Cheng L, He M, Baskaran M, Aung T

المصدر: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science [Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci] 2013 Aug 07; Vol. 54 (8), pp. 5281-6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Aug 07.

نوع المنشور: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Association For Research In Vision And Ophthalmology (Arvo) Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7703701 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-5783 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01460404 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Anterior Eye Segment/*pathology , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/*diagnosis , Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods, Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/classification ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/physiopathology ; Gonioscopy ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies

المؤلفون: Nguyen DQ; Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia., Ross CM, Li YQ, Pandav S, Gardiner B, Smith D, How AC, Crowston JG, Coote MA

المصدر: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science [Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci] 2012 Oct 05; Vol. 53 (11), pp. 6914-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Oct 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Association For Research In Vision And Ophthalmology (Arvo) Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7703701 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-5783 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01460404 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Disease Models, Animal* , Molteno Implants*, Anterior Chamber/*surgery , Aqueous Humor/*physiology , Glaucoma/*metabolism, Animals ; Anterior Chamber/pathology ; Female ; Glaucoma/pathology ; Glaucoma/surgery ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Rabbits ; Tonometry, Ocular

المؤلفون: How AC; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore., Baskaran M, Kumar RS, He M, Foster PJ, Lavanya R, Wong HT, Chew PT, Friedman DS, Aung T

المصدر: Ophthalmology [Ophthalmology] 2012 Jul; Vol. 119 (7), pp. 1383-7. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Mar 10.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7802443 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1549-4713 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01616420 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ophthalmology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Iridectomy* , Laser Therapy* , Tomography, Optical Coherence*, Anterior Eye Segment/*pathology , Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/*prevention & control, Female ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/physiopathology ; Gonioscopy ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Iris/surgery ; Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Visual Acuity/physiology ; Visual Fields/physiology