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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Juan J. Mata-Molanes, Joseba Rebollo-Liceaga, Elena Mª Martínez-Navarro, Ramón González Manzano, Antonio Brugarolas, Manel Juan, Manuel Sureda
المصدر: Frontiers in Oncology, Vol 12 (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: cancer immunotherapy, Fc gamma receptor (FcγR), immune checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal Abs, polymorphisms, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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2
المؤلفون: Antonio Brugarolas Masllorens, Juan J. Mata-Molanes, Elena Mª Martínez Navarro, Manuel Sureda González, Belén Valenzuela Jiménez
المصدر: Targeted Oncology. 12:289-299
مصطلحات موضوعية: Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Cancer Research, CD3 Complex, medicine.medical_treatment, Lymphocyte, Cancer Vaccines, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, 03 medical and health sciences, Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Cancer immunotherapy, Neoplasms, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Neoplasm Staging, Clinical Trials as Topic, Lymphokine-activated killer cell, Cytokine-induced killer cell, business.industry, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Immunotherapy, Natural killer T cell, NKG2D, CD56 Antigen, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, business, Signal Transduction, 030215 immunology
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3
المؤلفون: Silvia Chocarro, Paula Arana, Juana Merino, Laura Moreno, Carlos Panizo, Cristina Moreno, Francisco Guillén-Grima, Jose Antonio Delgado, Carmen Pérez-Robles, Juan J. Mata
المصدر: Journal of Immunological Methods. 442:54-58
مصطلحات موضوعية: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Plasma Cells, Immunology, Population, Pb contamination, CD34, Antigens, CD34, Bone Marrow Cells, Cell Separation, Suction, Granulocyte, Immunophenotyping, Flow cytometry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, education, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Discriminant Analysis, Bone Marrow Examination, Contamination, Flow Cytometry, Hematologic Diseases, Peripheral blood, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Case-Control Studies, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Neprilysin, Bone marrow, business, Biomarkers, Granulocytes, 030215 immunology
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4
المؤلفون: Amaia Gascue, Paula Arana, Silvia Chocarro, Laura Moreno, Juana Merino, Juan J. Mata, Cristina Moreno
المصدر: Journal of Cell and Developmental Biology. 1
مصطلحات موضوعية: Antigen, biology, business.industry, Immunology, biology.protein, Medicine, Hla antibodies, Graft survival, Antibody, business, Umbilical vein, In vitro
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::2b2fe53bd47e120507860cb44694c671
https://doi.org/10.36959/596/443 -
5
المؤلفون: Pedro Errasti, Jose Antonio Delgado, Juan J. Mata, Leire Burgos, Cristina Moreno, Juana Merino, Carmen Pérez-Robles, A. Sánchez-Ibarrola, Paloma Leticia Martín
المصدر: Human Immunology. 73:517-521
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunoassay, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Histocompatibility Testing, Mean fluorescence intensity, Immunology, General Medicine, Human leukocyte antigen, Cross Reactions, Flow Cytometry, Predictive value, Molecular biology, Flow cytometry, Transplantation, Antigen, HLA Antigens, Isoantibodies, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, biology.protein, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Clinical significance, Antibody
URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::df481e7dd9ada581ecd881f34c39d4ca
https://doi.org/10.1016/j .humimm.2012.02.022 -
6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Dellacasa C; HPC Department, CINECA Consorzio Interuniversitario, Bologna, Italy., Ortali M; HPC Department, CINECA Consorzio Interuniversitario, Bologna, Italy., Rossi E; HPC Department, CINECA Consorzio Interuniversitario, Bologna, Italy., Abu Attieh H; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Osmo T; Département Archivage et Services aux Données (DASD), Centre Informatique National de l'Enseignement Supérieur (CINES), Montpellier, France., Puskaric M; High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany., Rinaldi E; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Prasser F; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Stellmach C; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Cataudella S; HPC Department, CINECA Consorzio Interuniversitario, Bologna, Italy., Agarwal B; HPC Department, CINECA Consorzio Interuniversitario, Bologna, Italy., Mata Naranjo J; HPC Department, CINECA Consorzio Interuniversitario, Bologna, Italy., Scipione G; HPC Department, CINECA Consorzio Interuniversitario, Bologna, Italy.
المصدر: Digital health [Digit Health] 2024 May 15; Vol. 10, pp. 20552076241248922. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 15 (Print Publication: 2024).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: SAGE Publications Ltd Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101690863 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2055-2076 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20552076 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Digit Health Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Lera-Ramírez M; University College London, Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment, Darwin Building, 99-105 Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK., Bähler J; University College London, Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment, Darwin Building, 99-105 Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK., Mata J; University of Cambridge, Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK., Rutherford K; University of Cambridge, Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK., Hoffman CS; Boston College, Department of Biology, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA., Lambert S; Institut Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay 91400, France., Oliferenko S; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.; Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK., Martin SG; University of Geneva, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva 1211, Switzerland., Gould KL; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA., Du LL; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China., Sabatinos SA; Toronto Metropolitan University, Department of Chemistry & Biology, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada., Forsburg SL; Molecular and Computational Biology Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA., Nielsen O; Department of Biology, Cell cycle and genome stability Group, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N DK2100, Denmark., Nurse P; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK., Wood V; University of Cambridge, Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
المصدر: Genetics [Genetics] 2023 Nov 01; Vol. 225 (3).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0374636 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1943-2631 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00166731 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Genetics Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Schizosaccharomyces*/genetics, Humans ; Alleles ; Comprehension ; Databases, Genetic ; Phenotype
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Matilla MA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain., Monson RE; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Murphy A; Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Schicketanz M; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Rawlinson A; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Duncan C; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Mata J; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Leeper F; Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Salmond GPC; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridgegrid.5335.0, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
المصدر: MBio [mBio] 2022 Dec 20; Vol. 13 (6), pp. e0247222. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 10.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101519231 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2150-7511 (Electronic) NLM ISO Abbreviation: mBio Subsets: MEDLINE
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Antifungal Agents*/metabolism , Bacteria*/metabolism, Animals ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Enterobacteriaceae/genetics ; Fungi/metabolism ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism
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9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Duncan CDS; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK., Mata J; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK.
المصدر: Nucleic acids research [Nucleic Acids Res] 2022 Dec 09; Vol. 50 (22), pp. 13011-13025.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0411011 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1362-4962 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03051048 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nucleic Acids Res Subsets: MEDLINE
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10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Botelho F; From the Cirurgia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Botelho); the Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada (Botelho, Poenaru); the Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Gripp); Pediatric General Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada (Yanchar); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Naus); the Division of Pediatric Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Baird)., Gripp K; From the Cirurgia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Botelho); the Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada (Botelho, Poenaru); the Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Gripp); Pediatric General Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada (Yanchar); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Naus); the Division of Pediatric Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Baird)., Yanchar N; From the Cirurgia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Botelho); the Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada (Botelho, Poenaru); the Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Gripp); Pediatric General Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada (Yanchar); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Naus); the Division of Pediatric Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Baird)., Naus A; From the Cirurgia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Botelho); the Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada (Botelho, Poenaru); the Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Gripp); Pediatric General Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada (Yanchar); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Naus); the Division of Pediatric Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Baird)., Poenaru D; From the Cirurgia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Botelho); the Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada (Botelho, Poenaru); the Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Gripp); Pediatric General Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada (Yanchar); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Naus); the Division of Pediatric Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Baird)., Baird R; From the Cirurgia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Botelho); the Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada (Botelho, Poenaru); the Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Gripp); Pediatric General Surgery, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada (Yanchar); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Naus); the Division of Pediatric Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Baird)., Reis E; From the Aquiraz Municipal Health Department, Aquiraz, Brazil (Reis, Farias, S. Silva) and Fortaleza, Brazil (A.G. Silva, Viana, Armando), Brazil., Farias L; From the Aquiraz Municipal Health Department, Aquiraz, Brazil (Reis, Farias, S. Silva) and Fortaleza, Brazil (A.G. Silva, Viana, Armando), Brazil., Silva AG; From the Aquiraz Municipal Health Department, Aquiraz, Brazil (Reis, Farias, S. Silva) and Fortaleza, Brazil (A.G. Silva, Viana, Armando), Brazil., Viana F; From the Aquiraz Municipal Health Department, Aquiraz, Brazil (Reis, Farias, S. Silva) and Fortaleza, Brazil (A.G. Silva, Viana, Armando), Brazil., Neto JAP; From the Aquiraz Municipal Health Department, Aquiraz, Brazil (Reis, Farias, S. Silva) and Fortaleza, Brazil (A.G. Silva, Viana, Armando), Brazil., Silva S; From the Aquiraz Municipal Health Department, Aquiraz, Brazil (Reis, Farias, S. Silva) and Fortaleza, Brazil (A.G. Silva, Viana, Armando), Brazil., Ribeiro K; From the School of Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil (Ribeiro); the Department of Neurosurgery, Cajuru University Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil (Gatto)., Gatto L; From the School of Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil (Ribeiro); the Department of Neurosurgery, Cajuru University Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil (Gatto)., Faleiro MD; From the International Students Surgical Network (InciSioN), Brazil (Faleiro, Fernandez, Salgado)., Fernandez MG; From the International Students Surgical Network (InciSioN), Brazil (Faleiro, Fernandez, Salgado)., Salgado LS; From the International Students Surgical Network (InciSioN), Brazil (Faleiro, Fernandez, Salgado)., Sampaio NZ; From the Department of Surgery, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; and International Students Surgical Network (InciSioN), Araraquara, Brazil (Sampaio), Belo Horizonte, Brazil (Faleiro, Mendes) and Manaus, Brazil (Ferreira)., Faleiro MD; From the Department of Surgery, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; and International Students Surgical Network (InciSioN), Araraquara, Brazil (Sampaio), Belo Horizonte, Brazil (Faleiro, Mendes) and Manaus, Brazil (Ferreira)., Mendes AL; From the Department of Surgery, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; and International Students Surgical Network (InciSioN), Araraquara, Brazil (Sampaio), Belo Horizonte, Brazil (Faleiro, Mendes) and Manaus, Brazil (Ferreira)., Ferreira RV; From the Department of Surgery, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; and International Students Surgical Network (InciSioN), Araraquara, Brazil (Sampaio), Belo Horizonte, Brazil (Faleiro, Mendes) and Manaus, Brazil (Ferreira)., Marcião L; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Canto G; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Borges J; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Araújo V; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Andrade G; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Braga J; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Bentes L; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Pinto L; From the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil (Marcião, Canto, Borges, Araújo, Andrade, Braga, Bentes, Pinto)., Ndasi HT; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Baltimore, USA (Amlani) and Boston, USA (Lechtig, Agarwal-Harding); and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene, Cameroon (Ndasi, Aminake, Penda, Tima)., Amlani LM; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Baltimore, USA (Amlani) and Boston, USA (Lechtig, Agarwal-Harding); and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene, Cameroon (Ndasi, Aminake, Penda, Tima)., Aminake G; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Baltimore, USA (Amlani) and Boston, USA (Lechtig, Agarwal-Harding); and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene, Cameroon (Ndasi, Aminake, Penda, Tima)., Penda X; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Baltimore, USA (Amlani) and Boston, USA (Lechtig, Agarwal-Harding); and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene, Cameroon (Ndasi, Aminake, Penda, Tima)., Tima S; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Baltimore, USA (Amlani) and Boston, USA (Lechtig, Agarwal-Harding); and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene, Cameroon (Ndasi, Aminake, Penda, Tima)., Lechtig A; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Baltimore, USA (Amlani) and Boston, USA (Lechtig, Agarwal-Harding); and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene, Cameroon (Ndasi, Aminake, Penda, Tima)., Agarwal-Harding KJ; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Baltimore, USA (Amlani) and Boston, USA (Lechtig, Agarwal-Harding); and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene, Cameroon (Ndasi, Aminake, Penda, Tima)., Whyte M; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Fowler-Woods M; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Fowler-Woods A; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Shingoose G; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Hatala A; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Daeninck F; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Vergis A; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Clouston K; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Hardy K; From the University of Manitoba Department of Surgery, Winnipeg, Canada (Whyte, Vergis, Hardy); the University of Manitoba Faculty of Community Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada (M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, Shingoose, Hatala); and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada (Daeninck, Clouston)., Djadje L; From the Faculty of Medicine, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Djoutsop, Djabo); the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Djoutsop OM; From the Faculty of Medicine, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Djoutsop, Djabo); the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Djabo AT; From the Faculty of Medicine, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Djoutsop, Djabo); the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Kanmounye US; From the Faculty of Medicine, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon (Djadje); the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Djoutsop, Djabo); the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Youmbi VN; From the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Youmbi, Kakobo, Djoutsop, Djabo); and the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Kakobo P; From the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Youmbi, Kakobo, Djoutsop, Djabo); and the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Djoutsop OM; From the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Youmbi, Kakobo, Djoutsop, Djabo); and the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Djabo AT; From the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Youmbi, Kakobo, Djoutsop, Djabo); and the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Kanmounye US; From the Faculty of Medicine, Bel Campus Technological University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Youmbi, Kakobo, Djoutsop, Djabo); and the Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kanmounye)., Tafesse S; From the Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tafesse, Tamene, Chimdesa, Alemayehu, Abera); and Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Yifru)., Tamene B; From the Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tafesse, Tamene, Chimdesa, Alemayehu, Abera); and Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Yifru)., Chimdesa Z; From the Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tafesse, Tamene, Chimdesa, Alemayehu, Abera); and Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Yifru)., Alemayehu E; From the Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tafesse, Tamene, Chimdesa, Alemayehu, Abera); and Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Yifru)., Abera B; From the Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tafesse, Tamene, Chimdesa, Alemayehu, Abera); and Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Yifru)., Yifru D; From the Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tafesse, Tamene, Chimdesa, Alemayehu, Abera); and Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Yifru)., Belachew FK; From the Network for Perioperative and Critical Care, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; and the Division of Global Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Tirsit A; From the Surgery Department, Neurosurgery Unit, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tirsit); the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Deyassa); the School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Moen); the Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Sundstrøm); and the Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (Lund-Johansen)., Deyassa N; From the Surgery Department, Neurosurgery Unit, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tirsit); the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Deyassa); the School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Moen); the Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Sundstrøm); and the Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (Lund-Johansen)., Moen BE; From the Surgery Department, Neurosurgery Unit, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tirsit); the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Deyassa); the School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Moen); the Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Sundstrøm); and the Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (Lund-Johansen)., Sundstrøm T; From the Surgery Department, Neurosurgery Unit, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tirsit); the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Deyassa); the School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Moen); the Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Sundstrøm); and the Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (Lund-Johansen)., Lund-Johansen M; From the Surgery Department, Neurosurgery Unit, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Tirsit); the Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Deyassa); the School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Moen); the Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Sundstrøm); and the Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (Lund-Johansen)., Abebe M; From the departments of Neurosurgery (Abebe) and Pediatrics and Child Health (Mekasha), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; the Wilson Centre for Health Professions Education Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Khan); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Soklaridis); Pediatric Neurosurgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Haji); and the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Haji)., Khan R; From the departments of Neurosurgery (Abebe) and Pediatrics and Child Health (Mekasha), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; the Wilson Centre for Health Professions Education Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Khan); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Soklaridis); Pediatric Neurosurgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Haji); and the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Haji)., Mekasha A; From the departments of Neurosurgery (Abebe) and Pediatrics and Child Health (Mekasha), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; the Wilson Centre for Health Professions Education Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Khan); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Soklaridis); Pediatric Neurosurgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Haji); and the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Haji)., Soklaridis S; From the departments of Neurosurgery (Abebe) and Pediatrics and Child Health (Mekasha), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; the Wilson Centre for Health Professions Education Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Khan); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Soklaridis); Pediatric Neurosurgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Haji); and the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Haji)., Haji F; From the departments of Neurosurgery (Abebe) and Pediatrics and Child Health (Mekasha), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; the Wilson Centre for Health Professions Education Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Khan); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Soklaridis); Pediatric Neurosurgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Haji); and the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Haji)., Asingei J; From the Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Asingei, O'Donovan); the Institute of Global Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (O'Flynn); the College of Anaesthesiologists of East, Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania (Masuka, Mashava, Ulisubisya); and the Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (Akello)., O'Flynn EP; From the Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Asingei, O'Donovan); the Institute of Global Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (O'Flynn); the College of Anaesthesiologists of East, Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania (Masuka, Mashava, Ulisubisya); and the Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (Akello)., O'Donovan DT; From the Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Asingei, O'Donovan); the Institute of Global Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (O'Flynn); the College of Anaesthesiologists of East, Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania (Masuka, Mashava, Ulisubisya); and the Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (Akello)., Masuka SC; From the Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Asingei, O'Donovan); the Institute of Global Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (O'Flynn); the College of Anaesthesiologists of East, Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania (Masuka, Mashava, Ulisubisya); and the Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (Akello)., Mashava D; From the Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Asingei, O'Donovan); the Institute of Global Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (O'Flynn); the College of Anaesthesiologists of East, Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania (Masuka, Mashava, Ulisubisya); and the Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (Akello)., Akello FV; From the Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Asingei, O'Donovan); the Institute of Global Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (O'Flynn); the College of Anaesthesiologists of East, Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania (Masuka, Mashava, Ulisubisya); and the Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (Akello)., Ulisubisya MM; From the Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Asingei, O'Donovan); the Institute of Global Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (O'Flynn); the College of Anaesthesiologists of East, Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania (Masuka, Mashava, Ulisubisya); and the Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (Akello)., Franco H; From the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Franco, Joseph); the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA (Njai); the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA (Simister); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Joseph); the University of Warwick, Clinical Trials Unit, Coventry, UK (Joseph); the University of Notre Dame School of Medicine Haiti, Department of Orthopaedics, Port-au-Prince, Haiti (Woolley)., Njai A; From the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Franco, Joseph); the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA (Njai); the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA (Simister); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Joseph); the University of Warwick, Clinical Trials Unit, Coventry, UK (Joseph); the University of Notre Dame School of Medicine Haiti, Department of Orthopaedics, Port-au-Prince, Haiti (Woolley)., Simister S; From the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Franco, Joseph); the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA (Njai); the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA (Simister); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Joseph); the University of Warwick, Clinical Trials Unit, Coventry, UK (Joseph); the University of Notre Dame School of Medicine Haiti, Department of Orthopaedics, Port-au-Prince, Haiti (Woolley)., Joseph M; From the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Franco, Joseph); the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA (Njai); the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA (Simister); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Joseph); the University of Warwick, Clinical Trials Unit, Coventry, UK (Joseph); the University of Notre Dame School of Medicine Haiti, Department of Orthopaedics, Port-au-Prince, Haiti (Woolley)., Woolley P; From the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Franco, Joseph); the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA (Njai); the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA (Simister); the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Joseph); the University of Warwick, Clinical Trials Unit, Coventry, UK (Joseph); the University of Notre Dame School of Medicine Haiti, Department of Orthopaedics, Port-au-Prince, Haiti (Woolley)., James D; From the Paediatric Orthopaedic Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (James); the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Evans); the Department of Anesthesia, Pediatric and ObGyn Anesthesia unit, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (Rai); and the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Roy)., Evans FM; From the Paediatric Orthopaedic Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (James); the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Evans); the Department of Anesthesia, Pediatric and ObGyn Anesthesia unit, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (Rai); and the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Roy)., Rai E; From the Paediatric Orthopaedic Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (James); the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Evans); the Department of Anesthesia, Pediatric and ObGyn Anesthesia unit, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (Rai); and the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Roy)., Roy N; From the Paediatric Orthopaedic Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (James); the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Evans); the Department of Anesthesia, Pediatric and ObGyn Anesthesia unit, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India (Rai); and the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Roy)., Bansal V; From the Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India (Bansal); Doctors For You, India (Kamble, Aroke, David); the Department of Public Health, Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai, India (Kamble); the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (David, Wärnberg); Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, India (Veetil); Critical & Intensive Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Soni); and Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (Wärnberg)., Kamble J; From the Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India (Bansal); Doctors For You, India (Kamble, Aroke, David); the Department of Public Health, Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai, India (Kamble); the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (David, Wärnberg); Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, India (Veetil); Critical & Intensive Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Soni); and Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (Wärnberg)., Aroke A; From the Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India (Bansal); Doctors For You, India (Kamble, Aroke, David); the Department of Public Health, Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai, India (Kamble); the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (David, Wärnberg); Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, India (Veetil); Critical & Intensive Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Soni); and Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (Wärnberg)., David S; From the Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India (Bansal); Doctors For You, India (Kamble, Aroke, David); the Department of Public Health, Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai, India (Kamble); the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (David, Wärnberg); Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, India (Veetil); Critical & Intensive Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Soni); and Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (Wärnberg)., Veetil D; From the Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India (Bansal); Doctors For You, India (Kamble, Aroke, David); the Department of Public Health, Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai, India (Kamble); the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (David, Wärnberg); Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, India (Veetil); Critical & Intensive Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Soni); and Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (Wärnberg)., Soni KD; From the Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India (Bansal); Doctors For You, India (Kamble, Aroke, David); the Department of Public Health, Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai, India (Kamble); the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (David, Wärnberg); Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, India (Veetil); Critical & Intensive Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Soni); and Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (Wärnberg)., Wärnberg MG; From the Department of General Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India (Bansal); Doctors For You, India (Kamble, Aroke, David); the Department of Public Health, Tata Institute of Social Science, Mumbai, India (Kamble); the Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (David, Wärnberg); Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, Manipal Hospitals, New Delhi, India (Veetil); Critical & Intensive Care, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (Soni); and Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (Wärnberg)., Zadey S; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Zadey); the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey, Nickenig Vissoci); and the Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, USA (Nickenig Vissoci)., Vissoci JRN; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Zadey); the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey, Nickenig Vissoci); and the Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, USA (Nickenig Vissoci)., Iyer H; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Iyer, Zadey); and the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey)., Zadey S; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Iyer, Zadey); and the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey)., Shetty R; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Shetty, Zadey, Jindal, Iyer); the Terna Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (Shetty); the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey); and King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK (Jindal)., Zadey S; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Shetty, Zadey, Jindal, Iyer); the Terna Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (Shetty); the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey); and King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK (Jindal)., Jindal A; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Shetty, Zadey, Jindal, Iyer); the Terna Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (Shetty); the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey); and King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK (Jindal)., Iyer H; From the Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR), Pune, Maharashtra, India (Shetty, Zadey, Jindal, Iyer); the Terna Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (Shetty); the Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA (Zadey); and King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK (Jindal)., Ouma G; From the Department of Reproductive Health, Moi University School of Medicine, Moi, Kenya., Shah SSNH; From the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya (Shah); the New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA (Hinchman); the National University of Ireland Galway School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland (Rayel); the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); and the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding)., Hinchman C; From the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya (Shah); the New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA (Hinchman); the National University of Ireland Galway School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland (Rayel); the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); and the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding)., Rayel IM; From the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya (Shah); the New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA (Hinchman); the National University of Ireland Galway School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland (Rayel); the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); and the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding)., Dworkin M; From the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya (Shah); the New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA (Hinchman); the National University of Ireland Galway School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland (Rayel); the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); and the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding)., Agarwal-Harding KJ; From the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya (Shah); the New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA (Hinchman); the National University of Ireland Galway School of Medicine, Galway, Ireland (Rayel); the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); and the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding)., Mlinde E; From the Department of Orthopedics, Nkhotakota District Hospital, Nkhotakota, Malawi (Mlinde); the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative (Amlani, May, Agarwal-Harding); the Department of Orthopedics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi (Banza); the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Amlani LM; From the Department of Orthopedics, Nkhotakota District Hospital, Nkhotakota, Malawi (Mlinde); the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative (Amlani, May, Agarwal-Harding); the Department of Orthopedics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi (Banza); the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., May CJ; From the Department of Orthopedics, Nkhotakota District Hospital, Nkhotakota, Malawi (Mlinde); the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative (Amlani, May, Agarwal-Harding); the Department of Orthopedics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi (Banza); the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Banza LN; From the Department of Orthopedics, Nkhotakota District Hospital, Nkhotakota, Malawi (Mlinde); the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative (Amlani, May, Agarwal-Harding); the Department of Orthopedics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi (Banza); the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Chokotho L; From the Department of Orthopedics, Nkhotakota District Hospital, Nkhotakota, Malawi (Mlinde); the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative (Amlani, May, Agarwal-Harding); the Department of Orthopedics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi (Banza); the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Agarwal-Harding KJ; From the Department of Orthopedics, Nkhotakota District Hospital, Nkhotakota, Malawi (Mlinde); the Harvard Global Orthopaedics Collaborative (Amlani, May, Agarwal-Harding); the Department of Orthopedics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi (Banza); the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Dworkin M; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); the Beit CURE International Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi); the AO Alliance Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding); and the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Malawi (Chokotho)., Mbomuwa F; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); the Beit CURE International Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi); the AO Alliance Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding); and the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Malawi (Chokotho)., Chidothi P; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); the Beit CURE International Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi); the AO Alliance Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding); and the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Malawi (Chokotho)., Martin C Jr; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); the Beit CURE International Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi); the AO Alliance Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding); and the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Malawi (Chokotho)., Harrison WJ; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); the Beit CURE International Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi); the AO Alliance Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding); and the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Malawi (Chokotho)., Agarwal-Harding KJ; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); the Beit CURE International Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi); the AO Alliance Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding); and the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Malawi (Chokotho)., Chokotho L; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, USA (Dworkin); the Beit CURE International Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi); the AO Alliance Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Agarwal-Harding); and the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Malawi (Chokotho)., Paek S; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Amlani L; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Mbomuwa F; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Chidothi P; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Martin C Jr; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Harrison WJ; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Agarwal-Harding KJ; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Chokotho L; From the Harvard Global Orthopaedic Collaborative, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Paek, Amlani, Harrison, Agarwal-Harding); the AO Alliance Foundation (Mbomuwa, Chidothi, Martin Jr., Harrison, Chokotho); the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Boston, USA (Harrison); and the Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi (Chokotho)., Adégné T; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Abdoulmouinou P; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Amadou T; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Youssouf T; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Madiassa K; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Younoussa DM; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Moussa S; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Amadou B; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Hawa T; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Laurent A; From the CHU Gabriel Touré, Bamako Commune III, Bamako, Mali., Jesuyajolu DA; From the Surgery Department, First Graceland Hospitals, Abijo, Lagos (Jesuyajolu); the Surgery Department, EYN Primary Healthcare Center Mubi, Kwarhi, Hong, Adamawa State, Nigeria (Okeke); and Vascular Surgery, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK (Obuh)., Okeke CA; From the Surgery Department, First Graceland Hospitals, Abijo, Lagos (Jesuyajolu); the Surgery Department, EYN Primary Healthcare Center Mubi, Kwarhi, Hong, Adamawa State, Nigeria (Okeke); and Vascular Surgery, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK (Obuh)., Obuh O; From the Surgery Department, First Graceland Hospitals, Abijo, Lagos (Jesuyajolu); the Surgery Department, EYN Primary Healthcare Center Mubi, Kwarhi, Hong, Adamawa State, Nigeria (Okeke); and Vascular Surgery, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK (Obuh)., Jesuyajolu DA; From the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Ehizibue PE; From the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Ikemefula NE; From the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Ekennia-Ebeh JO; From the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Ibraham AA; From the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Ikegwuonu OE; From the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria., Diehl TM; From the Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA (Diehl); the Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda (Bunogerane, Ndibanje, Ntaganda); the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Neal); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Petroze)., Bunogerane GJ; From the Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA (Diehl); the Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda (Bunogerane, Ndibanje, Ntaganda); the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Neal); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Petroze)., Neal D; From the Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA (Diehl); the Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda (Bunogerane, Ndibanje, Ntaganda); the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Neal); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Petroze)., Ndibanje AJ; From the Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA (Diehl); the Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda (Bunogerane, Ndibanje, Ntaganda); the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Neal); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Petroze)., Petroze RT; From the Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA (Diehl); the Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda (Bunogerane, Ndibanje, Ntaganda); the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Neal); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Petroze)., Ntaganda E; From the Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA (Diehl); the Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda (Bunogerane, Ndibanje, Ntaganda); the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Neal); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (Petroze)., Milligan L; From the Division of Global Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Cairncross L; From the Division of Global Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Malherbe F; From the Division of Global Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Roodt L; From the Division of Global Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Kyengera DK; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Kyengera); the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA (O'Hara); and the Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Stockton)., O'Hara NN; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Kyengera); the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA (O'Hara); and the Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Stockton)., Stockton D; From the Department of Orthopaedics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Kyengera); the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA (O'Hara); and the Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Stockton)., Bedada A; From the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi); the Division of General Surgery, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada (Hsiao); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Yarranton); the Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada (Azzie); and the Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi)., Hsiao M; From the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi); the Division of General Surgery, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada (Hsiao); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Yarranton); the Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada (Azzie); and the Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi)., Chilisa U; From the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi); the Division of General Surgery, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada (Hsiao); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Yarranton); the Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada (Azzie); and the Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi)., Yarranton B; From the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi); the Division of General Surgery, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada (Hsiao); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Yarranton); the Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada (Azzie); and the Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi)., Chinyepi N; From the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi); the Division of General Surgery, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada (Hsiao); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Yarranton); the Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada (Azzie); and the Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi)., Azzie G; From the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi); the Division of General Surgery, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, Canada (Hsiao); the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Yarranton); the Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada (Azzie); and the Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana (Bedada, Chilisa, Chinyepi)., Moon J; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Moon, Rehany, Bakhshi, Bergeron, Wong); the Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Nunavik, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Boulanger); and the Tulattavik Health Centre, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Watt)., Rehany Z; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Moon, Rehany, Bakhshi, Bergeron, Wong); the Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Nunavik, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Boulanger); and the Tulattavik Health Centre, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Watt)., Bakhshi M; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Moon, Rehany, Bakhshi, Bergeron, Wong); the Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Nunavik, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Boulanger); and the Tulattavik Health Centre, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Watt)., Bergeron A; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Moon, Rehany, Bakhshi, Bergeron, Wong); the Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Nunavik, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Boulanger); and the Tulattavik Health Centre, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Watt)., Boulanger N; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Moon, Rehany, Bakhshi, Bergeron, Wong); the Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Nunavik, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Boulanger); and the Tulattavik Health Centre, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Watt)., Watt L; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Moon, Rehany, Bakhshi, Bergeron, Wong); the Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Nunavik, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Boulanger); and the Tulattavik Health Centre, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Watt)., Wong EG; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Moon, Rehany, Bakhshi, Bergeron, Wong); the Régie Régionale de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Nunavik, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Boulanger); and the Tulattavik Health Centre, Kuujjuaq, Canada (Watt)., Pawlak N; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Bierema C; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Ameh E; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Bekele A; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Jimenez MF; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Lakhoo K; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Roy N; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Sacato H; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Tefera G; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Ozgediz D; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Jayaraman S; From the Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA (Pawlak); Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Department of Surgery, Richmond, USA (Bierema); Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria (Ameh); the University Teaching Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Addis Ababa University Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Bekele); Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Department of Surgery, Bogotá, Colombia (Jimenez); Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, London, UK (Lakhoo); BARC Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mumbai, India (Roy); the Universidad del Azuay Facultad de Medicina, Cuenca, Ecuador (Sacato); the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Madison, USA (Tefera); the University of California San Francisco, Department of Surgery, San Francisco, USA (Ozgediz); and the University of Utah, Department of Surgery, Salt Lake City, USA (Jayaraman)., Peric I; From the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Institute of Global Surgery, Dublin, Ireland (Peric, O'Flynn); Kids Operating Room, Aberdeen, UK (Youngson); the West African College of Surgeons, Abuja, Nigeria (Ameh); and the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa, Blantyre, Malawi (Borgstein)., Youngson G; From the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Institute of Global Surgery, Dublin, Ireland (Peric, O'Flynn); Kids Operating Room, Aberdeen, UK (Youngson); the West African College of Surgeons, Abuja, Nigeria (Ameh); and the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa, Blantyre, Malawi (Borgstein)., Ameh E; From the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Institute of Global Surgery, Dublin, Ireland (Peric, O'Flynn); Kids Operating Room, Aberdeen, UK (Youngson); the West African College of Surgeons, Abuja, Nigeria (Ameh); and the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa, Blantyre, Malawi (Borgstein)., Borgstein E; From the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Institute of Global Surgery, Dublin, Ireland (Peric, O'Flynn); Kids Operating Room, Aberdeen, UK (Youngson); the West African College of Surgeons, Abuja, Nigeria (Ameh); and the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa, Blantyre, Malawi (Borgstein)., O'Flynn E; From the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Institute of Global Surgery, Dublin, Ireland (Peric, O'Flynn); Kids Operating Room, Aberdeen, UK (Youngson); the West African College of Surgeons, Abuja, Nigeria (Ameh); and the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa, Blantyre, Malawi (Borgstein)., Simoes J; From the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK (CROCODILE study group, Simoes); and the Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India (Kingsley)., Kingsley PA; From the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK (CROCODILE study group, Simoes); and the Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India (Kingsley)., Sasson L; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Dekel H; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Sternfeld AR; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Assa S; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Sarid RS; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Mnong'one NJ; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Sharau GG; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Mongella SM; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Caryl WG; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Goldman B; From the Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology and Intensive Care, Sylvan Adams Children's Hospital and Save a Child's Heart International Pediatric Cardiac Care Center at the Wolfson Medical Center, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Holon, Israel (Sasson, Dekel, Sternfeld, Assa, Sarid); the Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Mnong'one, Sharau, Mongella); and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and Save a Child's Heart Canada, Toronto, Canada (Caryl, Goldman)., Bola R; From the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Canada (Bola, Lett); the Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Ngonzi, Kihumuro); and the London South Bank University, London, UK (Ujoh)., Ngonzi J; From the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Canada (Bola, Lett); the Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Ngonzi, Kihumuro); and the London South Bank University, London, UK (Ujoh)., Ujoh F; From the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Canada (Bola, Lett); the Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Ngonzi, Kihumuro); and the London South Bank University, London, UK (Ujoh)., Kihumuro RB; From the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Canada (Bola, Lett); the Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Ngonzi, Kihumuro); and the London South Bank University, London, UK (Ujoh)., Lett R; From the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Canada (Bola, Lett); the Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda (Ngonzi, Kihumuro); and the London South Bank University, London, UK (Ujoh)., Torquato A; From the University of Vale do Rio Doce, Faculty of Medicine, Governador Valadares, Brazil (Torquato); Salvador University, Faculty of Medicine, Salvador, Brazil (Tavares); and Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Lech)., Tavares C; From the University of Vale do Rio Doce, Faculty of Medicine, Governador Valadares, Brazil (Torquato); Salvador University, Faculty of Medicine, Salvador, Brazil (Tavares); and Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Lech)., Lech G; From the University of Vale do Rio Doce, Faculty of Medicine, Governador Valadares, Brazil (Torquato); Salvador University, Faculty of Medicine, Salvador, Brazil (Tavares); and Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Lech)., Džunic A; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Ujoh F; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Gusa V; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Apeaii R; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Noor R; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Bola R; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Guyan IO; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Christilaw J; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Hodgins S; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Lett R; From the School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Džunic, Hodgins); the Canadian Network for International Surgery, Vancouver, Canada (Ujoh, Bola, Guyan, Christilaw, Lett); the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Makurdi, Nigeria (Gusa); the School of Midwifery, Mkar, Nigeria (Apeaii); and the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Noor)., Binda C; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Heo K; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Cheng S; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Foggin H; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Hu G; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Lam S; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Feng L; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Labinaz A; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Adams J; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Livergant R; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Williams S; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Vasanthakumaran T; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Lounes Y; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Mata J; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Hache P; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Schamberg-Bahadori C; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Monytuil A; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Mayom E; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Joharifard S; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Joos É; From the Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Binda, Heo, Cheng, Foggin, Labinaz, Mata, Joharifard, Joos); the Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Hu, Lam, Feng, Adams); the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Livergant); the Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Williams); the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (Vasanthakumaran); the Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Lounes, Joos); the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada (Hache); the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Main-Klinik Ochsenfurt Teaching Hospital, Ochsenfurt, Germany (Schamberg-Bahadori); the Aweil State Hospital, Aweil, South Sudan (Monytuil, Mayom); and the BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Paterson A; From the Global Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Paterson, Maswime, Biccard); the Global Surgery Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Paterson); the Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Hardy); the Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Pearse); and the Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Biccard)., Maswime S; From the Global Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Paterson, Maswime, Biccard); the Global Surgery Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Paterson); the Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Hardy); the Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Pearse); and the Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Biccard)., Hardy A; From the Global Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Paterson, Maswime, Biccard); the Global Surgery Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Paterson); the Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Hardy); the Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Pearse); and the Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Biccard)., Pearse RM; From the Global Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Paterson, Maswime, Biccard); the Global Surgery Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Paterson); the Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Hardy); the Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Pearse); and the Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Biccard)., Biccard BM; From the Global Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Paterson, Maswime, Biccard); the Global Surgery Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Paterson); the Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Hardy); the Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK (Pearse); and the Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Biccard)., Salehi M; From the Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Salehi, Joos); the School of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Zivkovic); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Jatana); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Zivkovic I; From the Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Salehi, Joos); the School of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Zivkovic); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Jatana); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Jatana S; From the Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Salehi, Joos); the School of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Zivkovic); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Jatana); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Joharifard S; From the Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Salehi, Joos); the School of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Zivkovic); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Jatana); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Joos É; From the Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Salehi, Joos); the School of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Zivkovic); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada (Jatana); and the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada (Joharifard)., Flores MJ; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., Brown KE; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., Roberts HJ; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., Donnelley CA; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., von Kaeppler EP; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., Eliezer E; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., Haonga B; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., Morshed S; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga)., Shearer DW; From the Institute for Global Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA (Flores, Brown, Roberts, Donnelley, von Kaeppler, Morshed, Shearer); and the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Eliezer, Haonga).
مؤلفون مشاركون: CROCODILE study group, African Surgical Outcomes (ASOS) group and International Surgical Outcomes (ISOS) group
المصدر: Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie [Can J Surg] 2022 Aug 12; Vol. 65 (4 Suppl 1), pp. S1-S18. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 12 (Print Publication: 2022).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Canadian Medical Association Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 0372715 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1488-2310 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0008428X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Can J Surg Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE
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