المؤلفون: Babu HWS; Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India., Elangovan A; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India., Iyer M; Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.; Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, India., Kirola L; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201301, India.; Department of Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India., Muthusamy S; School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, India., Jeeth P; Structural and Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, 151401, Bathinda, Punjab, India., Muthukumar S; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India., Vanlalpeka H; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zoram Medical College, Falkawn, 796005, India., Gopalakrishnan AV; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632 014, India., Kadhirvel S; Structural and Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, 151401, Bathinda, Punjab, India., Kumar NS; Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India., Vellingiri B; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India. balachandar.vellingiri@cup.edu.in.

المصدر: Molecular neurobiology [Mol Neurobiol] 2024 Jul; Vol. 61 (7), pp. 3867-3881. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8900963 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-1182 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08937648 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Neurobiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Parkinson Disease*/genetics , Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase*/genetics, Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Association Studies ; Kynurenine ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics

المؤلفون: Zhai Y; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States., Chavez JA; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States., D'Aquino KE; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States., Meng R; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States., Nawrocki AR; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States., Pocai A; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States., Wang L; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States., Ma LJ; CVMR-PH Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, United States.

المصدر: American journal of physiology. Cell physiology [Am J Physiol Cell Physiol] 2024 May 01; Vol. 326 (5), pp. C1423-C1436. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 18.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Physiological Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100901225 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1522-1563 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03636143 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Epithelial Cells*/metabolism , Kidney Tubules, Proximal*/metabolism , Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase*/metabolism , Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase*/genetics , NAD*/metabolism , NAD*/biosynthesis , Tryptophan*/metabolism, Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Acute Kidney Injury/metabolism ; Acute Kidney Injury/pathology ; Acute Kidney Injury/enzymology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Kynurenine/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

المؤلفون: Sordillo LA; The City College of New York, New York, NY, U.S.A.; LASORDILLO@gmail.com., Sordillo PP; Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, U.S.A.

المصدر: Anticancer research [Anticancer Res] 2023 Dec; Vol. 43 (12), pp. 5275-5282.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: International Institute of Anticancer Research Country of Publication: Greece NLM ID: 8102988 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1791-7530 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02507005 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Anticancer Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase*/metabolism , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms*/drug therapy , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms*/metabolism, Humans ; Tryptophan ; Kynurenine/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Treatment Outcome ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism

المؤلفون: Jakkampudi A; Wellcome DBT India Alliance Labs., Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India., Sarkar P; Wellcome DBT India Alliance Labs., Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India., Unnisa M; Pancreas Clinic, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India., Patil A; Pancreas Clinic, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India., Koutarapu C; Pancreas Clinic, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India., Jaggaiahgari S; Wellcome DBT India Alliance Labs., Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India., Naik P; Dept. of Transfusion Medicine, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India., Sarkar S; Wellcome DBT India Alliance Labs., Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India., Prasanna A; Wellcome DBT India Alliance Labs., Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India., Chintaluri S; Wellcome DBT India Alliance Labs., Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India., Reddy DN; Pancreas Clinic, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India., Beedu SR; Dept. of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India., Talukdar R; Wellcome DBT India Alliance Labs., Institute of Translational Research, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India; Pancreas Clinic, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India. Electronic address: rup_talukdar@yahoo.com.

المصدر: Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.] [Pancreatology] 2023 Sep; Vol. 23 (6), pp. 589-600. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100966936 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1424-3911 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14243903 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pancreatology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Kynurenine*/metabolism , Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing*, Humans ; Tryptophan/metabolism ; Procalcitonin ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Acute Disease ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Biomarkers ; HLA-DR Antigens/genetics ; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/genetics ; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism ; Necrosis ; Endotoxins

المؤلفون: Bai L; Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Emergency Critical Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China., Han X; Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China., Kee HJ; Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea., He X; Emergency Critical Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China., Kim SH; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea., Jeon MJ; Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea., Zhou H; Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea., Jeong SM; Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea., Kee SJ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea., Jeong MH; Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.; Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.

المصدر: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine [J Cell Mol Med] 2023 Aug; Vol. 27 (16), pp. 2290-2307. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 22.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101083777 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1582-4934 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15821838 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Cell Mol Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase*/genetics , Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase*/metabolism , Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase*/pharmacology , Heart Failure*/chemically induced , Heart Failure*/drug therapy , Heart Failure*/prevention & control, Mice ; Rats ; Animals ; Isoproterenol/toxicity ; Kynurenine/metabolism ; Kynurenine/pharmacology ; Kynurenine/therapeutic use ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cardiomegaly/chemically induced ; Cardiomegaly/drug therapy ; Cardiomegaly/prevention & control ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism

المؤلفون: Hayes AJ; University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Zheng X; University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., O'Kelly J; University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Neyton LPA; University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Bochkina NA; School of Mathematics and Maxwell Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Uings I; GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK., Liddle J; GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK., Baillie JK; The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Just G; Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Binnie M; Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Homer NZM; Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Murray TBJ; Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Baily J; Charles River Laboratories, East Lothian, UK., McGuire K; University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Skouras C; Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Garden OJ; Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Webster SP; Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Iredale JP; University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Howie SEM; University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Mole DJ; University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address: damian.mole@ed.ac.uk.

المصدر: Cell reports [Cell Rep] 2023 Aug 29; Vol. 42 (8), pp. 112763. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 19.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Cell Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101573691 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2211-1247 (Electronic) NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cell Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Kynurenine* , Pancreatitis*, Mice ; Animals ; Critical Illness ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Acute Disease ; Mice, Knockout ; Inflammation ; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/genetics

المؤلفون: Wang PC; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China. wpc@sxau.edu.cn., Liu ZK; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China., Li JR; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China., Zhao ZH; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China., Chang QW; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China., Guo XM; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China., Jin L; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China., Hu YT; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China. 1245728338@qq.com., Yang Z; Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, 22381, Sweden. zhenshan.yang@med.lu.se.

المصدر: BMC veterinary research [BMC Vet Res] 2024 Sep 04; Vol. 20 (1), pp. 390. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 04.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101249759 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1746-6148 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17466148 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Vet Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Tryptophan*/pharmacology , Tryptophan*/metabolism , Endometrium*/metabolism , Endometrium*/drug effects , Epithelial Cells*/metabolism , Epithelial Cells*/drug effects , Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1*/metabolism , Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1*/genetics , Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon*/metabolism , Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon*/genetics , Kynurenine*/metabolism , Kynurenine*/pharmacology , Tryptophan Oxygenase*/metabolism , Tryptophan Oxygenase*/genetics, Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Dinoprostone/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics

المؤلفون: De La Torre Canales G; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden.; Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Caparica, Almada, Portugal., Al-Moraissi EA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen., Fatih T; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden., Razavian A; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden., Westman J; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden., Yanes Y; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden., Grigoriadis A; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden., Christidis M; The Swedish Red Cross University, The Institute of Health Sciences, Huddinge, Sweden.; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden., Christidis N; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden., Barjandi G; Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences, Huddinge, Sweden.

المصدر: Journal of oral rehabilitation [J Oral Rehabil] 2024 Sep; Vol. 51 (9), pp. 1898-1910. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 27.

نوع المنشور: Systematic Review; Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0433604 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2842 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0305182X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Oral Rehabil Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Tryptophan*/metabolism , Tryptophan*/blood , Musculoskeletal Pain* , Serotonin*/metabolism , Serotonin*/blood , Kynurenine*/metabolism , Kynurenine*/blood , Chronic Pain*/metabolism, Humans

المؤلفون: Sadok I; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1J, 20-708, Lublin, Poland. ilona.sadok@kul.pl., Grochowicz M; Department of Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Gliniana 33, 20-614, Lublin, Poland., Krzyszczak-Turczyn A; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1J, 20-708, Lublin, Poland.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Aug 11; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 18622. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 11.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Kynurenine*/blood , Kynurenine*/analogs & derivatives , Kynurenine*/chemistry , Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry*/methods , Polymers*/chemistry , Pyridines*/chemistry , Pyridines*/blood , Tryptophan*/blood , Tryptophan*/chemistry, Humans ; Adsorption

المؤلفون: Cizmecioglu A; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye. Electronic address: mdahmet2002@gmail.com., Eryavuz Onmaz D; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye. Electronic address: duygu_eryavuz@hotmail.com., Senturk S; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye. Electronic address: suleymansenturk84@gmail.com., Askin D; Department of Internal Medicine, Alanya Sifa Private Medical Center, Antalya, Turkiye. Electronic address: drdudu4@gmail.com., Unlu A; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye. Electronic address: aunlu@selcuk.edu.tr., Korkmaz H; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye. Electronic address: husein68@hotmail.com., Gungor G; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye. Electronic address: drgokhangungor@hotmail.com.

المصدر: Neuroscience letters [Neurosci Lett] 2024 Aug 10; Vol. 837, pp. 137902. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Scientific Publishers Ireland Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 7600130 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1872-7972 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03043940 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurosci Lett Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Kynurenine*/blood , Kynurenine*/metabolism , Pancreatitis*/blood , Pancreatitis*/metabolism , Pancreatitis*/complications , Pancreatitis*/physiopathology , Tryptophan*/blood , Tryptophan*/metabolism , Pain Perception*/physiology, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Adult ; Prospective Studies ; Aged ; Acute Disease