المؤلفون: Chen Y; Anesthesiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA., Wang E; Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Sites BD; Anesthesiology and Orthopaedics, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA., Cohen SP; Anesthesiology, Neurology, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA scohen40@jhmi.edu.

المصدر: Regional anesthesia and pain medicine [Reg Anesth Pain Med] 2024 Aug 05; Vol. 49 (8), pp. 581-601. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BMJ Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9804508 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-8651 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10987339 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Reg Anesth Pain Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Acute Pain*/diagnosis , Acute Pain*/therapy , Acute Pain*/classification , Pain Management*/methods , Perioperative Care*/methods , Perioperative Care*/standards, Humans ; Pain, Postoperative/therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/diagnosis ; Pain, Postoperative/etiology ; Pain Measurement/methods

عنوان ترانسليتريتد: Klinische Wirksamkeit der aurikulären Vagusnervstimulation in der Behandlung chronischer und akuter Schmerzen : Eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit.

المؤلفون: Likar R; Abteilung für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Feschnigstraße 11, 9020, Klagenfurt, Österreich. rudolf.likar@kabeg.at.; Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Österreich. rudolf.likar@kabeg.at., Perruchoud C; Clinique de la Douleur, Hopital de La Tour, Genf, Schweiz., Kampusch S; AURIMOD GmbH, Wien, Österreich., Köstenberger M; Abteilung für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Feschnigstraße 11, 9020, Klagenfurt, Österreich., Sator S; Universitätsklinik für Anästhesie, allgemeine Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich., Stremnitzer C; AURIMOD GmbH, Wien, Österreich., Wolf A; Abteilung für Anästhesie, Krankenhaus St. Vinzenz Zams, Zams, Österreich., Neuwersch-Sommeregger S; Abteilung für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Feschnigstraße 11, 9020, Klagenfurt, Österreich.; Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich.

المصدر: Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) [Schmerz] 2024 Aug; Vol. 38 (4), pp. 267-278. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 02.

نوع المنشور: Systematic Review; Journal Article; English Abstract; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8906258 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-2129 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0932433X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Schmerz Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Chronic Pain*/therapy , Acute Pain*/therapy , Vagus Nerve Stimulation*/adverse effects , Pain, Postoperative*/therapy, Humans ; Treatment Outcome ; Pain Measurement ; Pain Management/methods ; Combined Modality Therapy

المؤلفون: Deniz V; Tarsus University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Mersin, Turkey. Electronic address: volkandeniz@tarsus.edu.tr., Sariyildiz A; Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Adana, Turkey.

المصدر: Journal of bodywork and movement therapies [J Bodyw Mov Ther] 2024 Jul; Vol. 39, pp. 176-182. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 07.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Churchill Livingstone Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9700068 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-9283 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13608592 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Bodyw Mov Ther Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Central Nervous System Sensitization*/physiology , Pain Threshold*/physiology , Chronic Pain*/physiopathology, Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Shoulder Pain/physiopathology ; Shoulder Impingement Syndrome/physiopathology ; Pain Measurement ; Forearm/physiopathology ; Leg/physiopathology

المؤلفون: Ladha KS; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Anesthesia, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Vachhani K; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Anesthesia, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Gabriel G; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Darville R; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Everett K; ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Gatley JM; ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Saskin R; ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Wong D; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Ganty P; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Katznelson R; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Huang A; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Fiorellino J; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Tamir D; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Slepian M; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Katz J; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Clarke H; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada hance.clarke@uhn.ca.; Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

المصدر: Regional anesthesia and pain medicine [Reg Anesth Pain Med] 2024 Sep 02; Vol. 49 (9), pp. 650-655. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 02.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BMJ Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9804508 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-8651 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10987339 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Reg Anesth Pain Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Analgesics, Opioid*/therapeutic use , Analgesics, Opioid*/administration & dosage , Pain, Postoperative*/drug therapy , Pain, Postoperative*/diagnosis, Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Ontario ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Adult ; Transitional Care ; Pain Management/methods ; Pain Clinics

المؤلفون: Mesquita MLM; Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursery, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Magalhães AKPG; Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursery, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Nascimento MV; Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursery, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Pascoal SCD; Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursery, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Pontes KMF; Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursery, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil., Bonjardim LR; Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil., Conti PCR; Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil., Pinto Fiamengui LMS; Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursery, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.

المصدر: Journal of oral rehabilitation [J Oral Rehabil] 2024 Sep; Vol. 51 (9), pp. 1925-1931. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0433604 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2842 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0305182X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Oral Rehabil Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders*/therapy , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders*/diet therapy , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders*/physiopathology , Chronic Pain*/therapy , Chronic Pain*/diet therapy , Musculoskeletal Pain*/diet therapy , Musculoskeletal Pain*/therapy, Humans ; Facial Pain/therapy ; Facial Pain/diet therapy ; Facial Pain/physiopathology ; Facial Pain/etiology ; Nutritional Status ; Diet ; Pain Management/methods

المؤلفون: Cohen SB; Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Unit, Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel., Dabi Y; Sorbonne University,Department of obstetrics and gynecology Tenon Hospital (AP-HP), Paris, France. Electronic address: yohann.dabi@gmail.com., Burke Y; Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Unit, Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel., Mamadov N; Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Unit, Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel., Manoim N; Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Unit, Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel., Mashiach R; Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Unit, Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel., Berkowitz E; Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Unit, Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel., Bouaziz J; Department of Research, One Clinic, 25 Boulevard Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France., Nicolas-Boluda A; Department of Research, One Clinic, 25 Boulevard Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France., Porpora MG; Department of maternal and child health, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy., Ziv-Baran T; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

المصدر: Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction [J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod] 2024 Sep; Vol. 53 (7), pp. 102778. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Masson SAS Country of Publication: France NLM ID: 101701588 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2468-7847 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 24687847 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Endometriosis*/surgery , Endometriosis*/complications , Quality of Life* , Laparoscopy*/methods , Chronic Pain*/surgery , Chronic Pain*/etiology, Humans ; Female ; Pilot Projects ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Pelvic Pain/surgery ; Pelvic Pain/etiology ; Pain Measurement ; Cohort Studies ; Middle Aged ; Analgesics/therapeutic use

المؤلفون: Mulvey MR; Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds Level, 10 Worsley Building, Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9LN, UK. m.r.mulvey@leeds.ac.uk., Paley CA; Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds Level, 10 Worsley Building, Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9LN, UK., Schuberth A; Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds Level, 10 Worsley Building, Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9LN, UK., King N; Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds Level, 10 Worsley Building, Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9LN, UK., Page A; Academic Unit of Palliative Care, St Gemma's Hospice, Leeds, UK., Neoh K; Academic Unit of Palliative Care, St Gemma's Hospice, Leeds, UK.

المصدر: Current treatment options in oncology [Curr Treat Options Oncol] 2024 Sep; Vol. 25 (9), pp. 1193-1202. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Current Science, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100900946 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1534-6277 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15346277 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Treat Options Oncol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Neuralgia*/etiology , Neuralgia*/therapy , Neuralgia*/diagnosis , Pain Management*/methods , Pain Management*/standards , Practice Guidelines as Topic* , Neoplasms*/complications , Neoplasms*/therapy , Quality of Life*, Humans ; Cancer Pain/etiology ; Cancer Pain/therapy ; Cancer Pain/diagnosis ; Pain Measurement ; Disease Management ; Treatment Outcome ; Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects

المؤلفون: Lo HHM; Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)., Zhu M; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)., Zou Z; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)., Wong CL; Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)., Lo SHS; Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)., Chung VC; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)., Wong SY; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)., Sit RWS; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).

المصدر: Journal of medical Internet research [J Med Internet Res] 2024 Aug 19; Vol. 26, pp. e48787. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 19.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Systematic Review; Meta-Analysis; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: JMIR Publications Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 100959882 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1438-8871 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14388871 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Med Internet Res Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Musculoskeletal Pain*/therapy , Musculoskeletal Pain*/psychology , Chronic Pain*/therapy , Chronic Pain*/psychology , Virtual Reality*, Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy/methods ; Adult ; Exercise Therapy/methods ; Low Back Pain/therapy ; Low Back Pain/psychology ; Male ; Female

المؤلفون: Mashima Y; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Kawate M; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Wu Y; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Shinohara Y; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Hoshino R; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Takaoka S; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Tanaka C; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Tokita M; Keio Research Institute at SFC, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan., Shimazu A; Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan., Wakaizumi K; Interdisciplinary Pain Center, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. kwaka@keio.jp.; Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. kwaka@keio.jp.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Aug 19; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 19196. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 19.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: COVID-19*/psychology , COVID-19*/epidemiology , Low Back Pain*/psychology , Low Back Pain*/epidemiology , Shoulder Pain*/epidemiology , Shoulder Pain*/psychology, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Risk Factors ; Middle Aged ; Chronic Pain/psychology ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Internet ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Pandemics ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prevalence ; Young Adult

المؤلفون: Cascella M; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, Baronissi Salerno, 84081, Italy., Di Gennaro P; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola 53, Naples, 80131, Italy., Crispo A; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola 53, Naples, 80131, Italy., Vittori A; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, ARCO Roma, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, Rome, 00165, Italy. alexvittori82@gmail.com., Petrucci E; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, San Salvatore Academic Hospital of L'Aquila, Via Lorenzo Natali, 1, Coppito L'Aquila, 67100, Italy., Sciorio F; Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi, 1,, Coppito, AQ, 67100, Italy., Marinangeli F; Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Treatment, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi, 1,, Coppito, AQ, 67100, Italy., Ponsiglione AM; Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, Napoles, 80138, Italy., Romano M; Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, Napoles, 80138, Italy., Ovetta C; Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, Napoles, 80138, Italy., Ottaiano A; SSD Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases, Abdominal Oncology, INT IRCCS Foundation 'G. Pascale', Via Mariano Semmola 53, Naples, 80131, Italy., Sabbatino F; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Oncology Unit, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, Baronissi Salerno, 84081, Italy., Perri F; Medical and Experimental Head and Neck Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola 53, Naples, 80131, Italy., Piazza O; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, Baronissi Salerno, 84081, Italy., Coluccia S; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola 53, Naples, 80131, Italy.

المصدر: BMC palliative care [BMC Palliat Care] 2024 Aug 03; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 198. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 03.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101088685 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-684X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1472684X NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Palliat Care Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Cancer Pain*/diagnosis , Pain Measurement*/methods, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Galvanic Skin Response/physiology ; Electrocardiography/methods ; Aged, 80 and over ; Pain Management/methods ; Pain Management/standards ; Cohort Studies