المؤلفون: Barnes, C., Puran, A., Beninati, A., Douard, N., Nowak, M., Appiah, O., Prashad, C., Kerwick, A., Das, N., Wang, Y., Hussein, A., Giakos, G. K.

المصدر: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST) Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST), 2022 IEEE International Conference on. :1-6 Jun, 2022

Relation: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST)

المؤلفون: Santangelo, J.S., Ness, R.W., Cohan, B., Fitzpatrick, C.R., Innes, S.G., Koch, S., Miles, L.S., Munim, S., Peres-Neto, P.R., Prashad, C., Tong, A.T., Aguirre, W.E., Akinwole, P.O., Alberti, M., Álvarez, J., Anderson, J.T., Anderson, J.J., Ando, Y., Andrew, N.R., Angeoletto, F., Anstett, D.N., Anstett, J., Aoki-Gonçalves, F., Arietta, A.Z.A., Arroyo, M.T.K., Austen, E.J., Baena-Díaz, F., Barker, C.A., Baylis, H.A., Beliz, J.M., Benitez-Mora, A., Bickford, D., Biedebach, G., Blackburn, G.S., Boehm, M.M.A., Bonser, S.P., Bonte, D., Bragger, J.R., Branquinho, C., Brans, K.I., Bresciano, J.C., Brom, P.D., Bucharova, A., Burt, B., Cahill, J.F., Campbell, K.D., Carlen, E.J., Carmona, D., Castellanos, M.C., Centenaro, G., Chalen, I., Chaves, J.A., Chávez-Pesqueira, M., Chen, X-Y, Chilton, A.M., Chomiak, K.M., Cisneros-Heredia, D.F., Cisse, I.K., Classen, A.T., Comerford, M.S., Fradinger, C.C., Corney, H., Crawford, A.J., Crawford, K.M., Dahirel, M., David, S., De Haan, R., Deacon, N.J., Dean, C., del-Val, E., Deligiannis, E.K., Denney, D., Dettlaff, M.A., DiLeo, M.F., Ding, Y-Y, Domínguez-López, M.E., Dominoni, D.M., Draud, S.L., Dyson, K., Ellers, J., Espinosa, C.I., Essi, L., Falahati-Anbaran, M., Falcão, J.C.F., Fargo, H.T., Fellowes, M.D.E., Fitzpatrick, R.M., Flaherty, L.E., Flood, P. J., Flores, M.F., Fornoni, J., Foster, A.G., Frost, C.J., Fuentes, T.L., Fulkerson, J.R., Gagnon, E., Garbsch, F., Garroway, C.J., Gerstein, A.C., Giasson, M.M., Girdler, E.B., Gkelis, S., Godsoe, W., Golemiec, A.M., Golemiec, M., González-Lagos, C., Gorton, A.J., Gotanda, K.M., Granath, G., Greiner, S., Griffiths, J.S., Grilo, F., Gundel, P.E., Hamilton, B., Hardin, J.M., He, T., Heard, S.B., Henriques, A.F., Hernández-Poveda, M., Hetherington-Rauth, M.C., Hill, S.J., Hochuli, D.F., Hodgins, K.A., Hood, G.R., Hopkins, G.R., Hovanes, K.A., Howard, A.R., Hubbard, S.C., Ibarra-Cerdeña, C.N., Iñiguez-Armijos, C., Jara-Arancio, P., Jarrett, B.J.M., Jeannot, M., Jiménez-Lobato, V., Johnson, M., Johnson, O., Johnson, P.P., Johnson, R., Josephson, M.P., Jung, M.C., Just, M.G., Kahilainen, A., Kailing, O.S., Kariñho-Betancourt, E., Karousou, R., Kirn, L.A., Kirschbaum, A., Laine, A-L, LaMontagne, J.M., Lampei, C., Lara, C., Larson, E.L., Lázaro-Lobo, A., Le, J.H., Leandro, D.S., Lee, C., Lei, Y., León, C.A., Lequerica Tamara, M.E., Levesque, D.C., Liao, W-J, Ljubotina, M., Locke, H., Lockett, M.T., Longo, T.C., Lundholm, J.T., MacGillavry, T., Mackin, C.R., Mahmoud, A.R., Manju, I.A., Mariën, J., Martínez, D.N., Martínez-Bartolomé, M., Meineke, E.K., Mendoza-Arroyo, W., Merritt, T. J.S., Merritt, L.E.L., Migiani, G., Minor, E.S., Mitchell, N., Mohammadi Bazargani, M., Moles, A.T., Monk, J.D., Moore, C.M., Morales-Morales, P.A., Moyers, B.T., Muñoz-Rojas, M., Munshi-South, J., Murphy, S.M., Murúa, M.M., Neila, M., Nikolaidis, O., Njunjić, I., Nosko, P., Núñez-Farfán, J., Ohgushi, T., Olsen, K.M., Opedal, Ø.H., Ornelas, C., Parachnowitsch, A.L., Paratore, A.S., Parody-Merino, A.M., Paule, J., Paulo, O.S., Pena, J.C., Pfeiffer, V.W., Pinho, P., Piot, A., Porth, I.M., Poulos, N., Puentes, A., Qu, J., Quintero-Vallejo, E., Raciti, S.M., Raeymaekers, J.A.M., Raveala, K.M., Rennison, D.J., Ribeiro, M.C., Richardson, J.L., Rivas-Torres, G., Rivera, B. J., Roddy, A.B., Rodriguez-Muñoz, E., Román, J.R., Rossi, L.S., Rowntree, J.K., Ryan, T.J., Salinas, S., Sanders, N.J., Santiago-Rosario, L.Y., Savage, A.M., Scheepens, J.F., Schilthuizen, M., Schneider, A.C., Scholier, T., Scott, J.L., Shaheed, S.A., Shefferson, R.P., Shepard, C.A., Shykoff, J.A., Silveira, G., Smith, A.D., Solis-Gabriel, L., Soro, A., Spellman, K.V., Whitney, K.S., Starke-Ottich, I., Stephan, J.G., Stephens, J.D., Szulc, J., Szulkin, M., Tack, A.J.M., Tamburrino, Í., Tate, T.D., Tergemina, E., Theodorou, P., Thompson, K.A., Threlfall, C.G., Tinghitella, R.M., Toledo-Chelala, L., Tong, X., Uroy, L., Utsumi, S., Vandegehuchte, M.L., VanWallendael, A., Vidal, P.M., Wadgymar, S.M., Wang, A-Y, Wang, N., Warbrick, M.L., Whitney, K.D., Wiesmeier, M., Wiles, J.T., Wu, J., Xirocostas, Z.A., Yan, Z., Yao, J., Yoder, J.B., Yoshida, O., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z., Ziter, C.D., Zuellig, M.P., Zufall, R.A., Zurita, J.E., Zytynska, S.E., Johnson, M.T.J.

المصدر: Santangelo, J.S., Ness, R.W., Cohan, B., Fitzpatrick, C.R., Innes, S.G., Koch, S., Miles, L.S., Munim, S., Peres-Neto, P.R., Prashad, C., Tong, A.T., Aguirre, W.E., Akinwole, P.O., Alberti, M., Álvarez, J., Anderson, J.T., Anderson, J.J., Ando, Y., Andrew, N.R., Angeoletto, F., Anstett, D.N., Anstett, J., Aoki-Gonçalves, F., Arietta, A.Z.A., Arroyo, M.T.K., Austen, E.J., Baena-Díaz, F., Barker, C.A., Baylis, H.A., Beliz, J.M., Benitez-Mora, A., Bickford, D., Biedebach, G., Blackburn, G.S., Boehm, M.M.A., Bonser, S.P., Bonte, D., Bragger, J.R., Branquinho, C., Brans, K.I., Bresciano, J.C., Brom, P.D., Bucharova, A., Burt, B., Cahill, J.F., Campbell, K.D., Carlen, E.J., Carmona, D., Castellanos, M.C., Centenaro, G., Chalen, I., Chaves, J.A., Chávez-Pesqueira, M., Chen, X-Y, Chilton, A.M., Chomiak, K.M., Cisneros-Heredia, D.F., Cisse, I.K., Classen, A.T., Comerford, M.S., Fradinger, C.C., Corney, H., Crawford, A.J., Crawford, K.M., Dahirel, M., David, S., De Haan, R., Deacon, N.J., Dean, C., del-Val, E., Deligiannis, E.K., Denney, D., Dettlaff, M.A., DiLeo, M.F., Ding, Y-Y, Domínguez-López, M.E., Dominoni, D.M., Draud, S.L., Dyson, K., Ellers, J., Espinosa, C.I., Essi, L., Falahati-Anbaran, M., Falcão, J.C.F., Fargo, H.T., Fellowes, M.D.E., Fitzpatrick, R.M., Flaherty, L.E., Flood, P. J., Flores, M.F., Fornoni, J., Foster, A.G., Frost, C.J., Fuentes, T.L., Fulkerson, J.R., Gagnon, E., Garbsch, F., Garroway, C.J., Gerstein, A.C., Giasson, M.M., Girdler, E.B., Gkelis, S., Godsoe, W., Golemiec, A.M., Golemiec, M., González-Lagos, C., Gorton, A.J., Gotanda, K.M., Granath, G., Greiner, S., Griffiths, J.S., Grilo, F., Gundel, P.E., Hamilton, B., Hardin, J.M., He, T. <

مصطلحات الفهرس: Journal Article

URL: https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/64368/
https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/64368
full_text_status:none

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المؤلفون: Santangelo JS; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Ness RW; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Cohan B; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Fitzpatrick CR; Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Innes SG; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, USA., Koch S; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Miles LS; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Munim S; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada., Peres-Neto PR; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada., Prashad C; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Tong AT; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Aguirre WE; Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA., Akinwole PO; Department of Biology, DePauw University, Greencastle, IN, USA., Alberti M; Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Álvarez J; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador., Anderson JT; Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA., Anderson JJ; Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Ando Y; Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan., Andrew NR; Natural History Museum, Zoology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia., Angeoletto F; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia da UFMT, campus de Rondonópolis, Cuiabá, Brazil., Anstett DN; Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Anstett J; Graduate Program in Genome Sciences and Technology, Genome Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Aoki-Gonçalves F; Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Xalapa, Mexico., Arietta AZA; School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Arroyo MTK; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.; Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Austen EJ; Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada., Baena-Díaz F; Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Xalapa, Mexico., Barker CA; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Baylis HA; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Beliz JM; Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA., Benitez-Mora A; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile., Bickford D; Department of Biology, University of La Verne, La Verne, CA, USA., Biedebach G; Department of Biology, University of La Verne, La Verne, CA, USA., Blackburn GS; Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada., Boehm MMA; Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Bonser SP; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Bonte D; Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Bragger JR; Department of Biology, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ, USA., Branquinho C; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal., Brans KI; Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium., Bresciano JC; School of Agriculture and Environment, Wildlife and Ecology group, Massey University, Palmerston North, Manawatu, New Zealand., Brom PD; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Bucharova A; Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Burt B; Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA., Cahill JF; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Campbell KD; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Carlen EJ; Louis Calder Center and Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Armonk, NY, USA., Carmona D; Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México., Castellanos MC; School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK., Centenaro G; Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Chalen I; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.; iBIOTROP Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador., Chaves JA; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.; Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA., Chávez-Pesqueira M; Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán AC, Mérida, Yucatán, México., Chen XY; School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Plant Innovation, Shanghai 200231, China., Chilton AM; Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Chomiak KM; Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA., Cisneros-Heredia DF; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.; iBIOTROP Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador., Cisse IK; Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA., Classen AT; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA., Comerford MS; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA., Fradinger CC; IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Corney H; Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada., Crawford AJ; Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Crawford KM; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA., Dahirel M; ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution), Université de Rennes, Rennes, France., David S; Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., De Haan R; Department of Environmental Studies, Dordt University, Sioux Center, IA, USA., Deacon NJ; Department of Biology, Minneapolis Community and Technical College, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Dean C; Department of Natural Sciences, Ecology and Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK., Del-Val E; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico., Deligiannis EK; Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece., Denney D; Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA., Dettlaff MA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., DiLeo MF; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science, Organismal & Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Ding YY; School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China., Domínguez-López ME; Corporación Científica Ingeobosque, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.; GTA Colombia S.A.S. Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia., Dominoni DM; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK., Draud SL; Department of Biology, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA., Dyson K; Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Ellers J; Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Espinosa CI; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador., Essi L; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil., Falahati-Anbaran M; Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.; NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway., Falcão JCF; Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., Xalapa, Mexico., Fargo HT; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Fellowes MDE; School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Park, Reading, Berkshire, UK., Fitzpatrick RM; Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA., Flaherty LE; Department of Biological Sciences, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Flood PJ; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany., Flores MF; Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Fornoni J; Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México., Foster AG; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany., Frost CJ; BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Fuentes TL; Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Fulkerson JR; Alaska Center for Conservation Science, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA., Gagnon E; Tropical Diversity, Royal Botanical Garden of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Département de biologie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada., Garbsch F; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany., Garroway CJ; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada., Gerstein AC; Departments of Microbiology & Statistics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada., Giasson MM; Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada., Girdler EB; Department of Biology, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, MI, USA., Gkelis S; Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece., Godsoe W; BioProtection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand., Golemiec AM; Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada., Golemiec M; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., González-Lagos C; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.; Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile., Gorton AJ; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behaviour University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Gotanda KM; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada., Granath G; Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Greiner S; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany., Griffiths JS; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA., Grilo F; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal., Gundel PE; IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; ICB - University of Talca, Chile., Hamilton B; Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA., Hardin JM; Department of Biology, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA., He T; School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia., Heard SB; Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada., Henriques AF; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal., Hernández-Poveda M; Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Hetherington-Rauth MC; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Hill SJ; Natural History Museum, Zoology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia., Hochuli DF; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Hodgins KA; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Hood GR; Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA., Hopkins GR; Department of Biology, Western Oregon University, Monmouth, OR, USA., Hovanes KA; School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Howard AR; Department of Biology, Western Oregon University, Monmouth, OR, USA., Hubbard SC; Department of Biology, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA., Ibarra-Cerdeña CN; Departamento de Ecología Humana, Cinvestav Mérida, Yucatan, México., Iñiguez-Armijos C; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador., Jara-Arancio P; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Chile., Jarrett BJM; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden., Jeannot M; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway., Jiménez-Lobato V; Escuela Superiro de Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero -CONACYT, Las Tunas, Mexico., Johnson M; Clarkson Secondary School, Peel District School Board, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Johnson O; Homelands Sr. Public School, Peel District School Board, Mississauga, ON, Canada., Johnson PP; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Johnson R; St. James Catholic Global Learning Centre, Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board, Mississauga ON, Canada., Josephson MP; Department of Biosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada., Jung MC; Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Just MG; Ecological Processes Branch, U.S. Army ERDC-CERL, Champaign, IL, USA., Kahilainen A; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science, Organismal & Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Kailing OS; Department of Biology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH, USA., Kariñho-Betancourt E; Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico., Karousou R; Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece., Kirn LA; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Kirschbaum A; Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany., Laine AL; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science, Organismal & Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland., LaMontagne JM; Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA.; Urban Wildlife Institute, Department of Conservation and Science, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL, USA., Lampei C; Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Lara C; Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile., Larson EL; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA., Lázaro-Lobo A; Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA., Le JH; Department of Biology, Center for Computational & Integrative Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, NJ, USA., Leandro DS; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia da UFMT, campus de Rondonópolis, Brasil., Lee C; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Lei Y; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China., León CA; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile., Lequerica Tamara ME; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Levesque DC; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada., Liao WJ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China., Ljubotina M; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Locke H; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA., Lockett MT; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Longo TC; Department of Biology, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ, USA., Lundholm JT; Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada., MacGillavry T; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK., Mackin CR; School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK., Mahmoud AR; Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA., Manju IA; Department of Biology, Western Oregon University, Monmouth, OR, USA., Mariën J; Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Martínez DN; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico.; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico., Martínez-Bartolomé M; Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA., Meineke EK; Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA., Mendoza-Arroyo W; Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico., Merritt TJS; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada., Merritt LEL; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada., Migiani G; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK., Minor ES; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Mitchell N; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.; Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI 54701., Mohammadi Bazargani M; Agriculture Institute, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran., Moles AT; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Monk JD; School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Moore CM; Department of Biology, Colby College, Waterville, ME, USA., Morales-Morales PA; Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia., Moyers BT; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.; Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA., Muñoz-Rojas M; Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain., Munshi-South J; Louis Calder Center and Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Armonk, NY, USA., Murphy SM; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA., Murúa MM; Facultad de Estudios Interdisciplinarios, Centro GEMA- Genómica, Ecología y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile., Neila M; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile., Nikolaidis O; Department of Biology, Center for Computational & Integrative Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, NJ, USA., Njunjić I; Evolutionary Ecology Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands., Nosko P; Department of Biology and Chemistry, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada., Núñez-Farfán J; Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México., Ohgushi T; Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan., Olsen KM; Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA., Opedal ØH; Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden., Ornelas C; Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA., Parachnowitsch AL; Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.; Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada., Paratore AS; Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA., Parody-Merino AM; School of Agriculture and Environment, Wildlife and Ecology group, Massey University, Palmerston North, Manawatu, New Zealand., Paule J; Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany., Paulo OS; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal., Pena JC; Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil., Pfeiffer VW; Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA., Pinho P; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal., Piot A; Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada., Porth IM; Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada., Poulos N; Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Puentes A; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden., Qu J; Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Quintero-Vallejo E; Facultad de Ciencias y Biotecnologia, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia., Raciti SM; Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Long Island, NY, USA., Raeymaekers JAM; Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway., Raveala KM; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science, Organismal & Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Rennison DJ; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA., Ribeiro MC; Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil., Richardson JL; Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, USA., Rivas-Torres G; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.; Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador., Rivera BJ; Department of Biology, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, MI, USA., Roddy AB; Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA., Rodriguez-Muñoz E; Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia., Román JR; Agronomy Department, University of Almería, Almería, Spain., Rossi LS; Department of Biology and Chemistry, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada., Rowntree JK; Department of Natural Sciences, Ecology and Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK., Ryan TJ; Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Urban Ecology and Sustainability, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN, USA., Salinas S; Department of Biology, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, MI, USA., Sanders NJ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA., Santiago-Rosario LY; Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA., Savage AM; Department of Biology, Center for Computational & Integrative Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, NJ, USA., Scheepens JF; Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany., Schilthuizen M; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands., Schneider AC; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Department of Biology, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA., Scholier T; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland., Scott JL; Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA., Shaheed SA; Department of Biology, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ, USA., Shefferson RP; Organization for Programs on Environmental Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan., Shepard CA; Department of Biology, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA., Shykoff JA; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, 91405, Orsay, France., Silveira G; Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, RI, USA., Smith AD; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Solis-Gabriel L; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico., Soro A; General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany., Spellman KV; Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.; International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA., Whitney KS; Science, Technology and Society Department, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA., Starke-Ottich I; Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany., Stephan JG; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.; SLU Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden., Stephens JD; Department of Biology, Westfield State University, Westfield, MA, USA., Szulc J; Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Szulkin M; Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Tack AJM; Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Tamburrino Í; Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Tate TD; Department of Biology, Western Oregon University, Monmouth, OR, USA., Tergemina E; Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany., Theodorou P; General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany., Thompson KA; Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Threlfall CG; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Tinghitella RM; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA., Toledo-Chelala L; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico., Tong X; School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China., Uroy L; ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution), Université de Rennes, Rennes, France.; UMR 0980 BAGAP, Agrocampus Ouest-ESA-INRA, Rennes, France., Utsumi S; Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan., Vandegehuchte ML; Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway., VanWallendael A; Plant Biology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA., Vidal PM; Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Wadgymar SM; Biology Department, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA., Wang AY; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China., Wang N; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/ Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China, Hubei, China., Warbrick ML; Department of Biology and Chemistry, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada., Whitney KD; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA., Wiesmeier M; School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany., Wiles JT; Department of Biology, Hendrix College, Conway, AR, USA., Wu J; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China., Xirocostas ZA; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia., Yan Z; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences/ Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China, Hubei, China., Yao J; School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China., Yoder JB; Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Yoshida O; Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada., Zhang J; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China., Zhao Z; School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China., Ziter CD; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada., Zuellig MP; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Zufall RA; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA., Zurita JE; Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador., Zytynska SE; School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.; Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK., Johnson MTJ; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.

المصدر: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2022 Mar 18; Vol. 375 (6586), pp. 1275-1281. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0404511 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1095-9203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00368075 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Science Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Adaptation, Physiological* , Biological Evolution* , Ecosystem* , Urbanization*, Trifolium/*physiology, Cities ; Genes, Plant ; Genome, Plant ; Hydrogen Cyanide/metabolism ; Rural Population ; Trifolium/genetics

المؤلفون: Atlas H; From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que., Safa N; From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que., Denis R; From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que., Garneau P; From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que., Moustarah F; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que., Marceau S; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que., Lebel S; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que., Biertho L; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que., Hould F; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que., Marceau P; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que., Biron S; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que., Anvari M; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Sharma A; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Goldsmith CH; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Lacobellis G; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Cadeddu M; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Misra M; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Taylor V; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Tarride J; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Hubert E; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Tiboni M; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Hong D; From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Wiebe S; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Klassen D; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Bonjer J; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Lawlor D; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Plowman J; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Ransom T; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Vallis M; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Ellsmere J; From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS., Graham PJ; From the Department of Surgery, Regina General Hospital, Regina, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., Kaban GK; From the Department of Surgery, Regina General Hospital, Regina, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., Vizhul A; From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Birch DW; From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Menezes AC; From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Shi X; From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Karmali S; From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Seth R; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., MacKenzie L; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Kus A; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Bell J; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Carrier M; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Atkins H; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Boushey R; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Auer R; From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Croome KP; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and the School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass., Yamashita M; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and the School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass., Aarts MA; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Okrainec A; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Glicksman A; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Pearsall E; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Pitzul K; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Huang H; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Sarkhosh K; From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Robertson M; From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Boctor D; From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Lam V; From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Sigalet D; From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Johner A; From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Faulds J; From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Wiseman SM; From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Pemberton J; From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Gordon ML; From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Prashad C; From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Rambaran M; From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Cameron B; From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Neville A; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., Sarosi GA Jr; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., Wei Y; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., Gibbs JO; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., Reda DJ; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., McCarthy M Jr; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fitzgibbons RJ Jr; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., Barkun JST; From McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fenech DS; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Forbes S; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Pearsall E; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Chung J; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Glickman A; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Victor JC; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Nathens A; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Fitzmaurice GJ; From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland., Mone F; From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland., Brown R; From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland., Cranley B; From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland., Conlon EF; From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland., Todd RAJ; From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland., O'Donnell ME; From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland., Tran TT; From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Kaneva PA; From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Finch LE; From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fried GM; From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Mayo NE; From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Feldman LS; From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que., VanHouwellingen L; From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Vogt KN; From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Stewart TC; From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Williamson J; From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Parry N; From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., DeRose G; From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Gray D; From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Harriman S; From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., Rodych N; From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., Hayes P; From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., Moser M; From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., Jamal MH; From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Doi S; From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Rousseau M; From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Snell L; From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Meterissian S; From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Zolfaghari S; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Friedlich MS; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Kurashima Y; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Al-Sabah S; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Kaneva PA; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Feldman LS; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fried GM; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Vassiliou MC; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Tran TT; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Kaneva PA; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Mayo NE; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fried GM; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Feldman LS; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Pearsall E; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Sheth U; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Fenech D; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McKenzie M; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Victor JC; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Ghaderi I; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Vaillancourt M; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Sroka G; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Kaneva PA; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Vassiliou MC; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Seagull FJ; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Sutton E; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Godinez C; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., George I; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Park A; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Choy I; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Okrainec A; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Brintzenhoff R; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Prabhu A; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Heniford BT; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Stefanidis D; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Fried GM; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Feldman LS; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC., Igric A; From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Vogt KN; From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Girotti M; From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Parry NG; From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Vinden C; From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Kim SHH; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Zhang NN; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Russo JJ; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., El-Salfiti IK; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Kowalczuk M; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Rajaee AN; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Bal M; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Gill MS; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Lysecki PJ; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Hoogenes J; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Dath D; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Nassar AK; From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates., Reid S; From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates., Mohaisen KN; From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates., Winch J; From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates., Omar D; From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates., Hanna WC; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Mulder DS; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., El-Hilali MM; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Khwaja KA; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Jamal MH; From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Rayment J; From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Doi SA; From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Megueditchian A; From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Meterissian S; From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Tso D; From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Langer M; From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Blair G; From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Butterworth S; From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Vaillancourt M; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Vassiliou MC; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Bergman S; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fried GM; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Kaneva PA; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Feldman LS; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Davenport E; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Haggar F; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Trottier D; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Huynh H; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Soto C; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Shamji FM; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Seely A; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Sundaresan S; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Pagliarello G; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Tadros S; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Yelle JD; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Maziak D; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Moloo H; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Poulin EC; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Knowlton LM; From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Chackungal S; From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., MacQueen KA; From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Anvari M; From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Allen C; From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Goldsmith C; From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Ghaderi I; From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Madani A; From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., de Gara C; From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Schlachta CM; From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Zakrison TL; From the Ryder Trauma Center, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami, Miami, Fla., Tee MC; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Chan S; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Nguyen V; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Yang J; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Holmes D; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Levine D; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Bugis S; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Wiseman SM; From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Sandhu L; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Zhai J; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Kennedy ED; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Baxter NN; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Gagliardi AR; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Urbach DR; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wei AC; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Sabalbal M; From the Canadian Forces Medical Service, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., McAlister VC; From the Canadian Forces Medical Service, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Balayla J; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Bergman S; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Feldman LS; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Ghitulescu G; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fraser SA; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Daigle R; From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Urquart R; From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Cox M; From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Grunfeld E; From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Porter G; From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Hallet J; From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que., Labidi S; From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que., Clairoux A; From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que., Gagné JP; From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que., Gill RS; From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Manouchehri N; From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Liu JQ; From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Lee TF; From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Bigam DL; From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Cheung PY; From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Van Koughnett JA; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Colquhoun PH; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Gordon ML; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Cornacchi S; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Farrokhyar F; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Hodgson N; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Porter G; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Quan ML; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Wright F; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Lovrics P; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Datta I; From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Brar SS; From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Ball CG; From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Heine JA; From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Rothwell B; From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Crozier M; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., Ting H; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., Boone D; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., O'Regan N; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., Brown C; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., Bandrauk N; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., Hapgood J; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., Hogan M; From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL., McDonald LA; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Da'as S; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Sorensen PHB; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Berman JN; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Ameer A; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Jamal M; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Aljiffry M; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Doi S; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Hasanain M; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Chaudhury P; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Metrakos P; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Tchervenkov J; From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Lapierre S; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Mohammad W; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Balaa N; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Akil M; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Mimeault R; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Fairfull-Smith R; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Teague BD; From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Butler MS; From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Garneau PY; From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Sample CB; From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Kapoor A; From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Cadeddu MO; From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Anvari M; From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Hanna WC; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Jamal MH; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Nguyen L; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fraser SA; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Kwan K; From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Wallis CJD; From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Jones S; From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Fraser T; From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Masterso J; From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Blair G; From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Duffy D; From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Roberts DJ; From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., Kirkpatrick AW; From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., Datta I; From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., Feliciano DV; From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., Kortbeek JB; From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., Laupland KB; From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., Ball CG; From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., Haggar F; From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Davenport E; From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Moloo H; From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Manouchehri N; From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Bigam D; From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Churchill T; From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Joynt C; From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Cheung PY; From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Al-Sairafi R; From the University of Alberta, Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Edmonton, Alta., Sample CB; From the University of Alberta, Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Edmonton, Alta., Paquette F; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Fraser SA; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Feldman LS; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Fried GM; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Weissglas I; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Ghitulescu G; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Meterissian S; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Bergman S; From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Al-Dohayan A; From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al-Naami M; From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Bamehriz F; From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Madkhali A; From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Hallet J; From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que., LeBlanc M; From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que., Gilbert A; From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que., Daigle C; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Tien G; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Atkins MS; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Zheng B; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Tanin H; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Swindells C; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Meneghetti A; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Panton ONM; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Qayumi AK; From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC., Chhiv M; From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que., Drolet S; From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que., Sirois-Giguère É; From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que., Gilbert A; From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que., Doyle JD; From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Sheth U; From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Huang H; From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Pearsall E; From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Nathens AB; From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Suri RR; From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Vora P; From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Kirby JM; From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Chan K; From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Smith S; From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Ruo L; From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Faryniuk A; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Hochman D; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Ball CG; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Kirkpatrick AW; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Broderick TJ; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Williams DR; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Kholdebarin R; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Helewa R; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Bracken J; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Zabolotny B; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Hochman D; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Merchant S; From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Hameed M; From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Melck A; From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., McGuire AL; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Wilson C; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Mercer D; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Sharma B; From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Orzech N; From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Grantcharov T; From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Johner A; Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Taylor DC; Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Buczkowski AK; Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Chung SW; Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Lumb KJ; Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Trejos AL; Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Ward CDW; Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Naish MD; Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Patel RV; Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Schlachta CM; Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Davenport E; From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Haggar F; From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Moloo H; From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Boushey RP; From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Poulin EC; From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Graybiel KM; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont., Fernandes VT; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont., Hoogenes J; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont., Dath D; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont., Mohammad W; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Trottier D; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Nadolny K; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Poulin EC; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Balaa F; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Diederichs B; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Turner S; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., de Gara C; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Ghitulescu GA; From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Filip I; From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Bergman S; From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Fraser S; From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Finley RJ; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Mayo J; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Clifton J; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Yee J; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Evans K; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., MacWilliams A; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Lam S; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., English J; From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC., Finley C; From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Jacks L; From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Darling G; From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Hanna WC; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Sudarshan M; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Roberge D; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., David M; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Waschke KA; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Mayrand S; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Ferri LE; From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Coughlin S; From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Emmerton-Coughlin H; From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Malthaner R; From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Grover HS; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Basi S; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Chiasson P; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Basi S; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Irshad K; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Emmerton-Coughlin HMA; From the Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Vogt KN; From the Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Malthaner RA; From the Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Spicer JD; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., McDonald B; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Perera R; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Rousseau MC; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Chan CHF; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Hsu RYC; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Giannias B; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Ferri LE; From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Ahmed S; From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island., Birnbaum AE; From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island., Berz D; From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island., Fontaine JP; From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island., Dipetrillo TA; From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island., Ready NE; From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island., Ng T; From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island., Alhussaini A; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Oberoi M; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Threader J; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Villeneuve J; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Gilbert S; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Shamji FM; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Sundaresan S; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Maziak D; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Seely A; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Rammohan KS; From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., Hunt I; From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., Chuck A; From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., Gazala S; From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., Valji A; From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., Stewart K; From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., Bedard ELR; From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta., Plourde M; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Fortin D; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Arab A; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Inculet RI; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Malthaner RA; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Bharadwaj SC; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Hamin T; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Tan LA; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Unruh HW; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Srinathan SK; From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., McGuire AL; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Petsikas D; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Reid K; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Hopman W; From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Levine P; From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Rousseau M; From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Spicer J; From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Ferri LE; From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Ashrafi AS; From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC., Bond RJ; From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC., Ong SR; From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC., Ahmadi SY; From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC., Partington SL; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Graham AJ; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Owen S; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Kelly EJ; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Gelfand G; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Grondin SC; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., McFadden SD; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Paolucci EO; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Weeks SG; From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Davis PJ; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Molinari M; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Topp T; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Walsh MJ; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Simoneau E; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Hassanain M; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Cabrera T; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Chaudhury P; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Dumitra S; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Aljiffry M; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Feteih I; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Leduc S; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Rivera J; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Jamal M; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Valenti D; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Metrakos P; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Elgadi K; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Cherniak W; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Chan D; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wei AC; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Gallinger S; From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Mohammad W; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Mimeault R; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Fairfull-Smith R; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Auer R; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Balaa F; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Kwan J; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Hassanain M; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Chaudhury P; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Dey C; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Gadahadh R; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Salman A; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Simoneau E; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Meti N; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Aljiffry M; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Jamal M; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Cabrera T; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Bouganim N; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Kavan P; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Alcindor T; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Valenti D; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Metrakos P; From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Brar B; From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alta., Sutherland F; From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alta., Bégin A; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Bourdonnais D; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Lapointe R; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Plasse M; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Létourneau R; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Roy A; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Dagenais M; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Vandenbroucke-Menu F; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Bégin A; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Bourdonnais D; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Lapointe R; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Plasse M; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Létourneau R; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Dagenais M; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Roy A; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Vandenbroucke-Menu F; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Bégin A; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Ismail S; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Vandenbroucke-Menu F; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Létourneau R; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Plasse M; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Roy A; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Dagenais M; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Lapointe R; From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que., Greco EF; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Nanji S; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Shah SA; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wei AC; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Greig PD; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Gallinger S; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Cleary SP; From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Al-Adra DP; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alta., Anderson C; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alta., Nanji S; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Ryan P; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Guindi M; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Selvarajah S; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Greig P; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McGilvray I; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Taylor B; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wei A; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Moulton C; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Cleary SP; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Gallinger S; From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Sandroussi C; From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Brace C; From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Kennedy E; From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Baxter N; From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Gallinger S; From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wei AC; From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Yamashita T; From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Leslie K; From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., McLean SR; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Karsanji D; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Dixon E; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Sutherland FR; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Bathe OF; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Suri RR; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Marcaccio MJ; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Ruo L; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Jamal MH; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Simoneau E; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Khalil JA; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Hassanain M; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Chaudhury P; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Tchervenkov J; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Metrakos P; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Doi SA; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Barkun JS; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., Barnett C; From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont., Marcaccio MJ; From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont., Hankinson JJ; From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont., Ruo L; From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont., Alawashez A; From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Ellsmere J; From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Neville A; From the McGill University, Montréal, Que., Boutros M; From the McGill University, Montréal, Que., Barkun J; From the McGill University, Montréal, Que., Wiebe ME; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Sandhu L; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Takata JL; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Kennedy ED; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Baxter NN; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Gagliardi AR; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Urbach DR; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wei AC; From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Chan G; From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont., Kocha W; From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont., Reid R; From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont., Wall W; From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont., Quan D; From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont., Lovrics P; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Hodgson N; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Ghola G; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Franic S; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Goldsmith C; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., McCready D; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Cornacchi S; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Garnett A; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Reedijk M; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Scheer AS; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., McSparron JI; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Schulman AR; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Tuorto S; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Gonen M; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Gonsalves J; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Fong Y; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Auer RAC; From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Francescutti V; From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Coates A; From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Thabane L; From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Goldsmith CH; From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Levine M; From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Simunovic M; From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Richardson DP; From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Porter G; From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Johnson PM; From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Leon-Carlyle M; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Schmocker S; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., O'Connor BI; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Victor JC; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Baxter NN; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Smith AJ; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Kennedy ED; From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Chan CHF; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Arabzadeh A; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., DeMarte L; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Spicer JD; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Turbide C; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Brodt P; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Beauchemin N; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Ferri LE; From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Zih F; From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Panzarella T; From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Hummel C; From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Petronis J; From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McCart A; From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Swallow C; From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Mathieson A; From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont., Ridgway PF; From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont., Ko YJ; From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont., Smith AJ; From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont., Gieni M; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Dickson L; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Sne N; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Avram R; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Farrokhyar F; From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Smith M; From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Giacomantonio C; From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Hoskin D; From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Doyon C; From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Martin G; From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Patocskai E; From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Brar SS; From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wright F; From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Okrainec A; From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Smith AJ; From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Bischof DA; From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Maier B; From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Fitch M; From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Wright FC; From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Baliski CR; From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC., Kluftinger A; From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC., MacLeod M; From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC., Kwong S; From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC., Racz JM; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Fortin A; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Latosinsky S; From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Messenger DE; From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Kirsch R; From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Aslani N; From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC., Heidary B; From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC., Prabhu KL; From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC., Raval M; From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC., Phang PT; From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC., Brow C; From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC., Richardson DP; From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Porter G; From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Johnson PM; From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS., Moloo H; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Haggar F; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Duhaime S; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Hutton B; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Grimshaw J; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Coyle D; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Poulin EC; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Boushey RP; From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Paun BC; From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Shaheen AAM; From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Dixon E; From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Maclean AR; From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Buie WD; From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Moustarah F; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio., Talarico J; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio., Zink J; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio., Gatmaitan P; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio., Schauer P; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio., Chand B; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio., Brethauer S; From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio., Martel G; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Duhaime S; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Ramsay CR; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Barkun JS; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Ferguson DA; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Boushey RP; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Palter VN; From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., MacRae HM; From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Grantcharov TP; From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Messenger DE; From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Victor JC; From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., O'Connor BI; From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., MacRae HM; From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Al-Sabah S; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Feldman LS; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Charlebois P; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Stein B; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Kaneva PA; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Fried GM; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Liberman AS; From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., Borowiec AM; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Karmal S; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Apriasz I; From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Mysliwiec B; From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Hussain N; From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Ott M; From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Reynolds R; From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Lum A; From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Williams LJ; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Morash R; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Shin S; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Smylie J; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Moloo H; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Auer R; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Poulin EC; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Watters J; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Fung-Kee-Fung M; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Boushey RP; From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Pelletier JS; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta., de Gara CJ; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta., White J; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta., Ghosh S; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta., Schiller D; From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta., Drolet S; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Paolucci EO; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Heine J; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Buie WD; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Maclean AR; From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Barnes A; From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Liang S; From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Auer R; From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Moloo H; From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Poulin EC; From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Boushey RP; From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Klevan AE; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Dalvi AA; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Ramsay JA; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Stephen WJ; From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Nhan C; From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Driman DK; From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Raby M; From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Smith AJ; From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Hunter A; From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Srigley J; From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., McLeod RS; From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Zolfaghari S; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Auer R; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Moloo H; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Mamazza J; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Friedlich M; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Poulin EC; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Stern HS; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Boushey RP; From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Scheer AS; From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Boushey RP; From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Liang S; From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Doucette S; From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., O'Connor AM; From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont., Moher D; From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.

مؤلفون مشاركون: ELVIS Research Group

المصدر: Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie [Can J Surg] 2010 Aug; Vol. 53 (4), pp. S51-S104. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Aug 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Canadian Medical Association Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 0372715 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1488-2310 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0008428X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Can J Surg Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE; MEDLINE