المؤلفون: Steulet A; Department of Internal Medicine, Nyon Hospital (GHOL), Nyon, Switzerland., Obura B; Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Lira University, Lira, Uganda., Waitt C; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.; Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda., Laker E; Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda., Nicol MR; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA., Cresswell FV; MRC/UVRI-LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.; Centre for Global Health Research, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.

المصدر: British journal of clinical pharmacology [Br J Clin Pharmacol] 2024 Sep; Vol. 90 (9), pp. 2079-2091. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 25.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7503323 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2125 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03065251 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Br J Clin Pharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Drug Interactions* , Rilpivirine*/pharmacokinetics , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , Rilpivirine*/pharmacology , Pyridones*/pharmacokinetics , Pyridones*/pharmacology , Pyridones*/administration & dosage , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , Anti-HIV Agents*/pharmacokinetics , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents*/pharmacology, Humans ; Africa South of the Sahara ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: Bettonte S; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Berton M; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Stader F; Certara UK Limited, Sheffield, United Kingdom., Battegay M; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Marzolini C; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.; Service and Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University Hospital Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

المصدر: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America [Clin Infect Dis] 2024 Aug 16; Vol. 79 (2), pp. 477-486.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9203213 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1537-6591 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10584838 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Rilpivirine*/pharmacokinetics , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Pyridones*/pharmacokinetics , Pyridones*/administration & dosage , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , Obesity* , Anti-HIV Agents*/pharmacokinetics , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use, Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Computer Simulation ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: Aparicio LV; GSK, C. de Severo Ochoa, Tres Cantos, Madrid, 28760, España. laura.a.vallejo@gsk.com., García VN; GSK, C. de Severo Ochoa, Tres Cantos, Madrid, 28760, España., Hernández-Novoa B; ViiV Healthcare, Tres Cantos, Madrid, España., Casado G; IQVIA, Madrid, España., Jodar F; IQVIA, Madrid, España., Pinel M; IQVIA, Madrid, España., Velasco DC; IQVIA, Madrid, España.

المصدر: BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2024 Aug 02; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 775. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 02.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Comparative Study

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/economics , Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Rilpivirine*/economics , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/economics , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , Pyridones*/economics , Pyridones*/therapeutic use , Pyridones*/administration & dosage, Humans ; Spain ; Administration, Oral ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data ; Health Resources/economics ; Health Resources/statistics & numerical data ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: Elliot ER; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Polli JW; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Patel P; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Garside L; GSK, London, United Kingdom., Grove R; GSK, Uxbridge, United Kingdom., Barnett V; GSK, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Roberts J; GSK, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada., Byrapuneni S; Parexel International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA., Crauwels H; Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium., Ford SL; GSK, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Van Solingen-Ristea R; Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium., Birmingham E; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA., D'Amico R; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Baugh B; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, New Jersey, USA., van Wyk J; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom.

المصدر: The Journal of infectious diseases [J Infect Dis] 2024 Jul 25; Vol. 230 (1), pp. e34-e42.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Clinical Trial, Phase III; Randomized Controlled Trial

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0413675 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1537-6613 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00221899 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Rilpivirine*/pharmacokinetics , Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , Rilpivirine*/adverse effects , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/virology , HIV-1*/drug effects , Anti-HIV Agents*/pharmacokinetics , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/adverse effects , Body Mass Index* , Pyridones*/pharmacokinetics , Pyridones*/administration & dosage , Pyridones*/adverse effects, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Viral Load/drug effects ; RNA, Viral/blood ; Treatment Outcome ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: van Welzen BJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands., Van Lelyveld SFL; Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp/Haarlem, The Netherlands., Ter Beest G; Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands., Gisolf JH; Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands., Geerlings SE; Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Prins JM; Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Van Twillert G; Department of Internal Medicine, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands., Van Nieuwkoop C; Department of Internal Medicine, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands., Van der Valk M; Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Stichting hiv Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Burger D; Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Wensing AMJ; Translational Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.; Ezintsha, Department of Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

المصدر: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America [Clin Infect Dis] 2024 Jul 19; Vol. 79 (1), pp. 189-195.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9203213 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1537-6591 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10584838 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Rilpivirine*/pharmacokinetics , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/virology , Pyridones*/pharmacokinetics , Pyridones*/therapeutic use , Pyridones*/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents*/pharmacokinetics , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , HIV-1*/drug effects , HIV-1*/genetics , Treatment Failure* , Drug Resistance, Viral*, Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Female ; Netherlands ; Viral Load/drug effects ; Genotype ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: Valin N; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France., Lambert-Niclot S; Virology Department, Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Pierre Louis Epidemiology and Public Health Institute (iPLESP), INSERM 1136, Paris, France., Torres E; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France., Meynard JL; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France., Périllaud-Dubois C; Virology Department, Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Pierre Louis Epidemiology and Public Health Institute (iPLESP), INSERM 1136, Paris, France., Morand-Joubert L; Virology Department, Sorbonne University, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Pierre Louis Epidemiology and Public Health Institute (iPLESP), INSERM 1136, Paris, France., Lacombe K; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.; Pierre Louis Institute of Public Health, Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR-S1136, Paris, France.

المصدر: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America [Clin Infect Dis] 2024 Jul 19; Vol. 79 (1), pp. 196-197.

نوع المنشور: Case Reports; Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9203213 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1537-6591 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10584838 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , Pyridones*/therapeutic use , Pyridones*/administration & dosage , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/virology , HIV Infections*/complications , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , Superinfection*/drug therapy , Superinfection*/virology , Superinfection*/diagnosis, Humans ; Male ; Injections, Intramuscular ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-1/drug effects ; Genotype ; Adult ; Viral Load/drug effects ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: Gutner CA; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Hocqueloux L; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans, Orléans, France., Jonsson-Oldenbüttel C; MVZ München am Goetheplatz, Munich, Germany.; MUC Research GmbH, Munich, Germany., Vandekerckhove L; University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium., van Welzen BJ; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Slama L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, University Paris Cité, Paris, France.; Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Paris, France., Crusells-Canales M; Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain., Sierra JO; Internal Medicine Department, Costa del Sol Hospital, Marbella, Spain., DeMoor R; GSK, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA., Scherzer J; ViiV Healthcare GmbH, Munich, Germany., Ait-Khaled M; ViiV Healthcare, London, UK., Bontempo G; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Gill M; GSK, London, UK., Patel N; GSK, London, UK., D'Amico R; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Hove K; ViiV Healthcare, London, UK., Baugh B; Janssen Research & Development, Titusville, New Jersey, USA., Barnes N; Evidera, London, UK., Hadi M; Evidera, London, UK., Low EL; Evidera, London, UK., Anand SB; Evidera, London, UK., Hamilton A; University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.; Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA., Garges HP; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Czarnogorski M; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

المصدر: Journal of the International AIDS Society [J Int AIDS Soc] 2024 Jul; Vol. 27 (7), pp. e26243.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101478566 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1758-2652 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17582652 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Int AIDS Soc Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , Pyridones*/therapeutic use, Humans ; Europe ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: Benedicto AM; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO-Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain., Lucantoni F; Laboratory of Cellular Stress and Cell Death Pathways, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain., Fuster-Martínez I; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO-Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain., Diaz-Pozo P; FISABIO-Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain., Dorcaratto D; Unidad de Cirugía Hepato-Bilio-Pancreática, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain; INCLIVA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria), Valencia, Spain., Muñoz-Forner E; Unidad de Cirugía Hepato-Bilio-Pancreática, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain; INCLIVA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria), Valencia, Spain., Victor VM; FISABIO-Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain; INCLIVA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria), Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Valencia, Spain., Esplugues JV; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO-Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Valencia, Spain., Blas-García A; FISABIO-Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Valencia, Spain., Apostolova N; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO-Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: nadezda.apostolova@uv.es.

المصدر: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie [Biomed Pharmacother] 2024 Sep; Vol. 178, pp. 117206. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Editions Scientifiques Elsevier Country of Publication: France NLM ID: 8213295 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1950-6007 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 07533322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomed Pharmacother Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Hepatic Stellate Cells*/drug effects , Hepatic Stellate Cells*/metabolism , Rilpivirine*/pharmacology , Transforming Growth Factor beta*/metabolism , Mitochondria*/drug effects , Mitochondria*/metabolism, Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects ; Humans ; Animals ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Mitochondrial Dynamics/drug effects ; Antifibrotic Agents/pharmacology

المؤلفون: Zakumumpa H; School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. zakumumpa.henry09@gmail.com., Alinaitwe A; Joint Clinical Research Centre, Fort Portal Regional Centre of Excellence, Fort Portal, Uganda.; ART Clinic, Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital, Fort Portal, Uganda., Kyomuhendo M; College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Nakazibwe B; School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.; Uganda Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Republic of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.

المصدر: BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2024 Aug 28; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 876. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 28.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: HIV Infections*/drug therapy , Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , Health Personnel*/psychology , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage, Humans ; Uganda ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Medication Adherence ; Qualitative Research ; Pyridones/administration & dosage ; Pyridones/therapeutic use ; Focus Groups ; Young Adult ; Diketopiperazines

المؤلفون: Jonsson-Oldenbüttel C; MVZ München am Goetheplatz, Munich, Germany.; MUC Research GmbH, Munich, Germany., Ghosn J; Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1137 IAME, Paris, France.; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, AP-HP, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, France., van der Valk M; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Florence E; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.; General Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium., Vera F; General Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium., De Wit S; General University Hospital Santa Lucia, Murcia, Spain., Rami A; Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Free University Brussels, Brussels, Belgium., Bonnet F; Hôpital Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Paris, France., Hocqueloux L; CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Saint-André, Bordeaux, France., Hove K; Infections and Topical Diseases, CHU d'Orléans, Orléans, France., Ait-Khaled M; Infections and Topical Diseases, CHU d'Orléans, Orléans, France., DeMoor R; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom., Bontempo G; GSK, Collegeville, PA., Latham CL; GSK, Collegeville, PA., Gutner CA; GSK, Collegeville, PA., Iyer S; ViiV Healthcare, Durham, NC., Gill M; GSK, Bangalore, India ; and., Czarnogorski M; GSK, Collegeville, PA., D'Amico R; GSK, Collegeville, PA., van Wyk J; Infections and Topical Diseases, CHU d'Orléans, Orléans, France.

المصدر: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) [J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr] 2024 Aug 15; Vol. 96 (5), pp. 472-480. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 09.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Clinical Trial, Phase III; Randomized Controlled Trial; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100892005 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1944-7884 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15254135 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Rilpivirine*/therapeutic use , Rilpivirine*/administration & dosage , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , Pyridones*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , HIV-1*/drug effects , HIV-1*/genetics, Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Europe ; Viral Load/drug effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Diketopiperazines