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المؤلفون: Michael A. Ayele (A.K.A) W
مصطلحات موضوعية: #How Pseudoscience Dictates Reproductive Rights Policy in the United States of America (U.S.A), #How Chauvinism - Discrimination - Misogyny - Racism & Sexism Dictates Reproductive Rights Policy in America, #How Pseudoscience Dictates Reproductive Rights Policy in the United States of America, In response to a records request submitted in part about the forced sterilization of Carrie Buck, the City Clerk of Los Angeles (California) has disclosed documents acknowledging that [1] the State of California passed the nation's third eugenic sterilization law through which between 1909 and 1979 more than 20,000 Californians were sterilized,
[2] California's eugenics laws authorized medical superintendents in State homes and hospitals to perform "assexualization" (vasectomies for men and salpingectomies for women) on people identified as "affected with mental disease which may have been inherited and is likely to be transmitted to descendants, the various grades of feeblemindedness," [3] the State of California maintained 12 State homes and hospitals, with very little oversight, that housed thousands of patients that were committed without proper consent during an era when reformers believed that sterilization was an important instrument of public health protection that would reduce the number of "defective" in society, result in cost savings for welfare programs, and only allow "fit" people to become parents, [4] labels of "mental deficiency" and "feeblemindedness" were applied disproportionately to racial and ethnic minorities, people with actual or perceived disabilities, low income people, and women. According to the Washington Post, "eugenics was a pseudoscience promulgated in the 19th and 20th centuries aiming to improve human genetics. It was used in the United States to justify the forced hospitalization and sterilization of tens of thousands of people based on race, class and perceived 'feeblemindedness' and 'moral delinquency,' and later by the Nazis to justify the murder of millions of Jews, LGBT people and people with disabilities, among others. Between 1907 and 1979, more than 64,000 Americans were forcibly sterilized by state and local governments. (…) Most, but not all, of those sterilized were poor, most were white, though historians say racism and white supremacy were still driving motivators of these programs. (…) Carrie Buck was born into poverty in Charlottesville in 1906. Her father abandoned the family, and her mother was soon accused of 'immorality' and committed to the Virginia State Colony for Epileptics and Feebleminded — essentially a work camp for White people the state didn't like. Buck was separated from her siblings and sent to live with a wealthy foster family, who forced her to leave school during sixth grade and serve as a housekeeper in their home. When Buck was 17, she was raped by the nephew of her foster mother and became pregnant. Probably to save face, the family accused her of promiscuity and feeblemindedness, and in 1924, she was committed to the same colony as her mother. Her infant daughter was given to her foster mother. Officials at the colony decided Buck would be the perfect candidate for sterilization. They provided her with an attorney — an avowed eugenicist and friend of the colony director — to file a suit on her behalf. He did a pretty terrible job in court (something Spears's supporters also allege about her former attorney, Samuel D. Ingham III), and when the case made it to the Supreme Court, he hardly said a thing. Lawyers for Virginia argued the state had a compelling interest in Buck's ability to have children. In an 8-to-1 decision, the Supreme Court agreed, with Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes famously declaring, 'Three generations of imbeciles are enough.' (Many words now used as mild insults, such as 'moron,' 'imbecile,' and 'idiot,' have a long history of being used as clinical diagnoses.) Buck, along with her mother and her sister, was subsequently sterilized by having her fallopian tubes cut and cauterized. Buck's daughter died when she was 8…" As a matter of principle, the Association for the Advancement of Civil Liberties (AACL) unequivocally condemns violence committed against women irrespective of their racial backgrounds, their sexual orientations, their national origins, their religious affiliations and/or their disability status. It is the position of the AACL that [1] women should be able to carry a pregnancy to term if they wish to do so, [2] women should be free from harassment and other undue influence while pregnant, [3] women should be provided emotional, financial, medical and other adequate support if they wish to carry a pregnancy to term, [4] women should be provided emotional, financial, medical and other adequate support if they wish to have an abortion, [5] the decision to carry a pregnancy to term should be left to women as individuals, [6] the decision to have an abortion should be left to women as individuals, [7] women intent on getting an abortion will do so, [8] women are not innately sadists and masochists, [9] women intent on getting an abortion should have access to clinics accredited by the Joint Commission. Be well. Take care. Keep yourselves at arms distance. Michael Ayele (a.k.a) W Anti-Racist Human Rights Activist Audio-Visual Media Analyst Anti-Propaganda Journalist URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0a03a3e6738eea8eba2033a3a5fda3fe
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2كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Nadel, Meryl, author
المصدر: Not Just Play : Summer Camp and the Profession of Social Work, 2019, ill.
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3كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Mytum, HaroldAff1
المساهمون: Mytum, Harold, editorAffID1, Carr, Gilly, editorAffID2
المصدر: Prisoners of War : Archaeology, Memory, and Heritage of 19th- and 20th-Century Mass Internment. 1:321-332
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4كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Schwerter, StephanieAff2
المساهمون: Schwerter, StephanieAff1
المصدر: Northern Irish Poetry and the Russian Turn : Intertextuality in the Work of Seamus Heaney, Tom Paulin and Medbh McGuckian. :10-70
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5كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Stone, DanAff2
المساهمون: Stone, DanAff1
المصدر: The Holocaust, Fascism and Memory : Essays in the History of Ideas. :110-122
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6دورية أكاديمية
لا يتم عرض هذه النتيجة على الضيوف.
تسجيل الدخول للوصول الكامل. -
7كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Simmons, Adele
المساهمون: Liebling, Alvin, editor
المصدر: Adlai Stevenson’s Lasting Legacy. :37-48
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8كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Santí, Enrico Mario
المساهمون: Santí, Enrico Mario
المصدر: Ciphers of History : Latin American Readings for a Cultural Age. :152-166
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9كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Vitalis, Robert
المساهمون: Al-Rasheed, Madawi, editorAff1, Vitalis, Robert, editorAff2
المصدر: Counter-Narratives : History, Contemporary Society, and Politics in Saudi Arabia and Yemen. :151-181
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10كتاب إلكتروني
المؤلفون: Crane, Cynthia
المساهمون: Crane, Cynthia
المصدر: Divided Lives : The Untold Stories of Jewish-Christian Women in Nazi Germany. :297-341