المؤلفون: Munasinghe LL; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada., Yin W; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada., Nathani H; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada., Toy J; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada., Sereda P; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada., Barrios R; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada., Montaner JSG; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada., Lima VD; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Electronic address: vlima@bccfe.ca.

المصدر: Social science & medicine (1982) [Soc Sci Med] 2024 Jun; Vol. 350, pp. 116920. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Pergamon Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8303205 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-5347 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02779536 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Soc Sci Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/epidemiology , COVID-19*/epidemiology , Viral Load*, Humans ; British Columbia/epidemiology ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Viremia/epidemiology ; Viremia/drug therapy ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics

المؤلفون: Ali F; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research (IMHPR), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin St., Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada. farihah.ontcrism@gmail.com.; Ontario CRISM Node Team (OCRINT), Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse (CRISM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada. farihah.ontcrism@gmail.com.; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. farihah.ontcrism@gmail.com., Law J; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research (IMHPR), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin St., Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.; Ontario CRISM Node Team (OCRINT), Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse (CRISM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada., Russell C; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research (IMHPR), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin St., Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.; Ontario CRISM Node Team (OCRINT), Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse (CRISM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada., Crépault JF; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.; Communications and Partnerships, CAMH, Toronto, Canada., Goulão JC; The Intervention Service for Addictive Behaviors and Addictions (SICAD), Lisbon, Portugal., Lock K; BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Rehm J; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research (IMHPR), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin St., Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.; Ontario CRISM Node Team (OCRINT), Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse (CRISM), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.; PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre, CAMH, Toronto, Canada.; WHO European Region Collaborating Centre at Public Health Institute of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.; Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung der Universität Hamburg (ZIS), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

المصدر: Health research policy and systems [Health Res Policy Syst] 2024 May 23; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 60. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 23.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Letter

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101170481 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1478-4505 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14784505 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Health Res Policy Syst Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Illicit Drugs*/legislation & jurisprudence , Harm Reduction* , Substance-Related Disorders*, Humans ; British Columbia ; Public Health ; Public Policy ; Drug Users/legislation & jurisprudence ; Health Policy ; Drug and Narcotic Control/legislation & jurisprudence ; Recreational Drug Use

المؤلفون: Doris M; Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: miranda.doris@mail.utoronto.ca., Daley C; Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada. Electronic address: c.daley@mail.utoronto.ca., Zalzal J; Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: jad.zalzal@mail.utoronto.ca., Chesnaux R; Applied Sciences, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Canada. Electronic address: romain_chesnaux@uqac.ca., Minet L; Civil Engineering, University of Victoria, Canada. Electronic address: lauraminet@uvic.ca., Kang M; Civil Engineering, McGill University, Canada. Electronic address: mary.kang@mcgill.ca., Caron-Beaudoin É; Health and Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada. Electronic address: elyse.caronbeaudoin@utoronto.ca., MacLean HL; Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: heatherl.maclean@utoronto.ca., Hatzopoulou M; Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: marianne.hatzopoulou@mail.utoronto.ca.

المصدر: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) [Environ Pollut] 2024 May 01; Vol. 348, pp. 123773. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 16.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8804476 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6424 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02697491 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Pollut Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Air Pollution*/analysis , Air Pollutants*/analysis, Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Natural Gas ; Environmental Monitoring ; British Columbia

المؤلفون: McLeod KE; Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Buxton JA; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Karim ME; Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (CHÉOS), St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Martin RE; Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Nosyk B; Health Economic Research Unit, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada., Kurz M; Health Economic Research Unit, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Scow M; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Felicella G; British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Slaunwhite AK; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

المصدر: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Jul 10; Vol. 19 (7), pp. e0306075. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 10 (Print Publication: 2024).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Drug Overdose*/drug therapy , Drug Overdose*/epidemiology , Drug Overdose*/prevention & control , Opioid-Related Disorders*/drug therapy , Opioid-Related Disorders*/epidemiology, Humans ; Male ; Female ; British Columbia/epidemiology ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Prisons/statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Opiate Substitution Treatment/methods ; Prisoners/statistics & numerical data ; Opiate Overdose/drug therapy ; Opiate Overdose/epidemiology

المؤلفون: Hendry MJ; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Electronic address: jim.hendry@usask.ca., Kirk L; Enviromin, Inc., 524 Professional Drive, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA. Electronic address: lisakirk@enviromininc.com., Warner J; Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, 101 Perimeter Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada. Electronic address: jwarner@ensero.com., Shaw S; SRK Consulting, 1066 W. Hastings St., Vancouver, BC V6E 3X2, Canada. Electronic address: SShaw@SRK.com., Peyton BM; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, 305 Cobleigh Hall, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA. Electronic address: bpeyton@montana.edu., Schmeling E; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. Electronic address: erin.schmeling@usask.ca., Barbour SL; Department of Civil and Geological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada.

المصدر: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Jul 10; Vol. 933, pp. 172869. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 30.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0330500 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1026 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00489697 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Total Environ Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Water Pollutants, Chemical*/metabolism , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis , Selenic Acid*/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental*, British Columbia ; Coal Mining ; Selenium/metabolism ; Selenium/analysis ; Mining

المؤلفون: Turuba R; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Foundry, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Cormier W; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Zimmerman R; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Ow N; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Zenone M; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Quintana Y; Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Boston, MA, United States.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.; Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada., Jenkins E; School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Ben-David S; School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Raimundo A; Foundry, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Marcon AR; Health Law Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Mathias S; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Foundry, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Henderson J; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.; Youth Wellness Hubs Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada., Barbic S; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Foundry, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

المصدر: JMIR infodemiology [JMIR Infodemiology] 2024 Jul 05; Vol. 4, pp. e53233. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: JMIR Publications Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 9918249014806676 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2564-1891 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25641891 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JMIR Infodemiology Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: COVID-19*/psychology , COVID-19*/epidemiology , Interviews as Topic*, Humans ; British Columbia/epidemiology ; Male ; Adolescent ; Female ; Child ; Young Adult ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Mental Health Services

المؤلفون: Ambasta A; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada. anshula.ambasta@ubc.ca.; Department of Anesthesia, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Therapeutics Initiative, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada. anshula.ambasta@ubc.ca., Holroyd-Leduc JM; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Pokharel S; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.; Ward of the 21st Century, University of Calgary, GD01, CWPH,Building 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada., Mathura P; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada., Shih AW; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada., Stelfox HT; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada., Ma I; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Harrison M; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada., Manns B; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Faris P; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Williamson T; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Shukalek C; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Santana M; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Omodon O; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.; Ward of the 21st Century, University of Calgary, GD01, CWPH,Building 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada., McCaughey D; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada., Kassam N; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada., Naugler C; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.

المصدر: Implementation science : IS [Implement Sci] 2024 Jul 02; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 45. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 02.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Clinical Trial Protocol; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101258411 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1748-5908 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17485908 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Implement Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Diagnostic Tests, Routine*, Humans ; British Columbia ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Unnecessary Procedures/statistics & numerical data ; Implementation Science ; Cluster Analysis

المؤلفون: Cooke CA; Environment and Protected Areas, Government of Alberta, 9888 Jasper Ave, Edmonton, Alberta T5J 5C6, Canada.; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada., Holland KM; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada., Emmerton CA; Environment and Protected Areas, Government of Alberta, 9888 Jasper Ave, Edmonton, Alberta T5J 5C6, Canada.; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada., Drevnick PE; Environment and Protected Areas, Government of Alberta, 3535 Research Road NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 2K8, Canada.; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada., Criscitiello AS; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada., Newton B; Environment and Protected Areas, Government of Alberta, 3535 Research Road NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 2K8, Canada.

المصدر: Environmental science & technology [Environ Sci Technol] 2024 Jul 02; Vol. 58 (26), pp. 11718-11726. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 18.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Chemical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0213155 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1520-5851 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0013936X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Sci Technol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Coal Mining* , Snow*, British Columbia ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring

المؤلفون: Bullen CD; SciTech Environmental Consulting, 2136 Napier Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5L 2N9., Driscoll J; Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Burt J; Nature United, North Vancouver, BC, Canada., Stephens T; College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK, USA., Hessing-Lewis M; Hakai Institute, Campbell River, BC, Canada.; Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Gregr EJ; SciTech Environmental Consulting, 2136 Napier Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5L 2N9. ed@scitechconsulting.com.; Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. ed@scitechconsulting.com.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Jul 01; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 15021. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Seaweed*/growth & development , Climate Change*, British Columbia ; Agriculture/methods ; Agriculture/economics ; Models, Theoretical

المؤلفون: Lima VD; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Zhu J; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Barrios R; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Toy J; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Joy JB; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Williams BG; South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa., Granich R; Coppet, Switzerland., Wu Z; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China., Wong J; School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Montaner JSG; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: jmontaner@bccfe.ca.

المصدر: The lancet. HIV [Lancet HIV] 2024 Jul; Vol. 11 (7), pp. e461-e469. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 04.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier B.V Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101645355 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2352-3018 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23523018 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Lancet HIV Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis* , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/prevention & control , HIV Infections*/epidemiology , Program Evaluation* , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage, Humans ; British Columbia/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Male ; Female ; Prevalence ; Longitudinal Studies ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Basic Reproduction Number