المؤلفون: Wang M; The School of Medicine, Nankai University, No.94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China., Wang C; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China., Zhao M; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China., Wu S; Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063001, China., Xue H; The School of Medicine, Nankai University, No.94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: xuehaoxh301@163.com., Liu H; The School of Medicine, Nankai University, No.94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China. Electronic address: liuhbcad301@163.com.

المصدر: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD [Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis] 2024 Jul; Vol. 34 (7), pp. 1761-1768. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 29.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 9111474 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1590-3729 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09394753 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Metabolic Syndrome*/diagnosis , Metabolic Syndrome*/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome*/physiopathology , Vascular Stiffness* , Body Mass Index* , Severity of Illness Index* , Pulse Wave Analysis*, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; China/epidemiology ; Adult ; Risk Assessment ; Incidence ; Time Factors ; Biomarkers/blood ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Risk Factors ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Ankle Brachial Index ; Triglycerides/blood ; Prognosis ; Blood Pressure

المؤلفون: Lei X; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China., Chen H; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China., Xu Y; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China., Yang Z; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China., Zhang L; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China., Wang C; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China congwang@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn., Du H; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China.

المصدر: BMJ open diabetes research & care [BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care] 2024 Sep 25; Vol. 12 (5). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 25.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Published by BMJ in partnership with the American Diabetes Association Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101641391 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2052-4897 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20524897 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/complications , Metabolic Syndrome*/blood , Metabolic Syndrome*/complications , Metabolic Syndrome*/diagnosis , Biomarkers*/blood, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Aged ; Fatty Liver/blood ; Fatty Liver/complications ; Fatty Liver/diagnosis ; Fatty Liver/etiology ; Adult ; Prognosis ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/blood ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications ; Follow-Up Studies ; Insulin Resistance

المؤلفون: Ponce-de-Leon M; Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany. mariana.ponce-de-leon@outlook.com.; Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Universität Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany. mariana.ponce-de-leon@outlook.com., Wang-Sattler R; Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Munich, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Neuherberg, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany., Peters A; Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Neuherberg, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.; Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Health (DZHK E.V), Munich, Germany., Rathmann W; German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany., Grallert H; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Neuherberg, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany., Artati A; Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Munich, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany., Prehn C; Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Munich, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany., Adamski J; Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Munich, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Meisinger C; Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Universität Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany., Linseisen J; Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.; Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Universität Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.

المصدر: Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society [Metabolomics] 2024 Sep 21; Vol. 20 (5), pp. 105. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 21.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101274889 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-3890 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15733882 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Metabolomics Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Metabolic Syndrome*/metabolism , Metabolic Syndrome*/blood , Feces*/chemistry , Metabolomics*/methods, Humans ; Male ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Aged ; Metabolome ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Triglycerides/blood ; Triglycerides/metabolism ; Biomarkers/blood ; Biomarkers/metabolism

المؤلفون: Chlebowski RT; The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, California, USA., Aragaki AK; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA., Pan K; Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Downey, California, USA., Simon MS; Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA., Neuhouser ML; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.; Department of Health Systems Science, Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA., Haque R; Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA., Rohan TE; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA., Wactawski-Wende J; Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA., Orchard TS; Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA., Mortimer JE; Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA., Lane D; Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA., Kaunitz AM; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA., Desai P; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA., Wild RA; College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA., Barac A; Inova Schar Cancer Institute and Inova Schar Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, Virginia, USA., Manson JE; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

المصدر: Cancer [Cancer] 2024 Sep 15; Vol. 130 (18), pp. 3147-3156. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 13.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0374236 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-0142 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0008543X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cancer Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Breast Neoplasms*/mortality , Breast Neoplasms*/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome*/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome*/complications , Metabolic Syndrome*/mortality , Obesity*/complications , Obesity*/epidemiology , Postmenopause* , Body Mass Index*, Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Incidence ; Aged ; Women's Health ; Risk Factors

المؤلفون: Grant A; Graduate School of Art and Sciences, Epidemiology Program, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 22057, USA., Dash C; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20003, USA., Adams-Campbell LL; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20003, USA.

المصدر: Nutrients [Nutrients] 2024 Sep 09; Vol. 16 (17). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 09.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Metabolic Syndrome*/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome*/ethnology , Black or African American*/statistics & numerical data , Diet*, Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Nutrition Surveys ; Waist Circumference ; United States/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

المؤلفون: Li M; College of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China., Jiang S; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China., Dong C; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China., Jiang D; College of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China. jiangdeyou1@163.com.

المصدر: BMC endocrine disorders [BMC Endocr Disord] 2024 Sep 06; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 178. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 06.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101088676 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-6823 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14726823 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Endocr Disord Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Metabolic Syndrome*/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome*/blood , Metabolic Syndrome*/etiology , Nutrition Surveys* , Vitamins*/blood, Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; United States/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Vitamin E/blood ; Vitamin D/blood ; Databases, Factual ; Young Adult ; Vitamin A/blood

المؤلفون: Li Y; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA., Yu H; Department of Biomedical & Community Health Sciences, The James B. Edwards College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA., Lopes-Virella MF; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA., Huang Y; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.

المصدر: International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2024 Sep 05; Vol. 25 (17). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled*/agonists , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled*/metabolism , Metabolic Syndrome*/drug therapy , Metabolic Syndrome*/metabolism , Metabolic Syndrome*/complications , Propionates*/pharmacology , Propionates*/therapeutic use , Periodontitis*/drug therapy , Periodontitis*/metabolism , Methylamines*/pharmacology, Animals ; Mice ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Alveolar Bone Loss/drug therapy ; Alveolar Bone Loss/etiology ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Osteoclasts/drug effects ; Osteoclasts/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Osteogenesis/drug effects

المؤلفون: Mochel JP; Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. jpmochel@uga.edu.; SMART Pharmacology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA. jpmochel@uga.edu., Ward JL; Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA., Blondel T; Ceva Santé Animale, 33500, Libourne, France., Kundu D; SMART Pharmacology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA., Merodio MM; Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA., Zemirline C; Ceva Santé Animale, 33500, Libourne, France., Guillot E; Ceva Santé Animale, 33500, Libourne, France., Giebelhaus RT; The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2G2, Edmonton, Canada., de la Mata P; The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2G2, Edmonton, Canada., Iennarella-Servantez CA; SMART Pharmacology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA., Blong A; Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA., Nam SL; The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2G2, Edmonton, Canada., Harynuk JJ; The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, T6G 2G2, Edmonton, Canada., Suchodolski J; Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA., Tvarijonaviciute A; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain., Cerón JJ; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain., Bourgois-Mochel A; Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.; SMART Pharmacology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA., Zannad F; Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433 and Inserm U1116, CHRU Nancy, FCRIN INI-CRCT, 54000, Nancy, France., Sattar N; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK., Allenspach K; Precision One Health Initiative, Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.; SMART Pharmacology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1250, USA.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Sep 05; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 20665. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 05.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Metabolic Syndrome*/drug therapy , Metabolic Syndrome*/metabolism , Obesity*/metabolism , Obesity*/drug therapy , Disease Models, Animal* , Hypoglycemic Agents*/pharmacology , Hypoglycemic Agents*/therapeutic use, Animals ; Dogs ; Male ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Biomarkers/blood ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Female

المؤلفون: Wang H; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Wu S; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. wushimin123@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China. wushimin123@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn., Weng Y; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Yang X; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Hou L; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Liang Y; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Wu W; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Ying Y; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Ye F; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China., Luo X; Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. xpluo@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.; Hubei Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetic Metabolic and Endocrine Rare Diseases, Wuhan, China. xpluo@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.

المصدر: Italian journal of pediatrics [Ital J Pediatr] 2024 Sep 04; Vol. 50 (1), pp. 162. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 04.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101510759 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1824-7288 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17208424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ital J Pediatr Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Metabolic Syndrome*/blood , Metabolic Syndrome*/complications , Pediatric Obesity*/complications , Pediatric Obesity*/blood , Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases*/blood, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Adolescent ; China/epidemiology ; Biomarkers/blood ; Fatty Liver/blood

المؤلفون: Ali N; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh. nur_rubd@yahoo.com., Taher A; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh., Islam N; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh., Sarna NZ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh., Islam F; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.

المصدر: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Sep 02; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 20380. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 02.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Metabolic Syndrome*/blood , Metabolic Syndrome*/epidemiology , Xanthine Oxidase*/blood , Xanthine Oxidase*/metabolism, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Adult ; Middle Aged