المؤلفون: Li SS; School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China., Xue CD; School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China., Li YJ; School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China., Chen XM; School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China., Zhao Y; Department of Stomach Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China., Qin KR; School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.

المصدر: Electrophoresis [Electrophoresis] 2024 Jul; Vol. 45 (13-14), pp. 1212-1232. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-VCH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8204476 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1522-2683 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01730835 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Electrophoresis Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Single-Cell Analysis*/instrumentation , Neoplasms*/diagnosis , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques*/instrumentation , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques*/methods, Humans ; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ; Biophysical Phenomena ; Animals

المؤلفون: Zhai J; School of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China., Qiu Z; The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China., Liu Y; The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China., Niu Y; School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China., Chen R; School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China., Kao X; School of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China., Dong W; Queen Marry School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China., Kou L; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, PR, 264003, China. Electronic address: klj1182@163.com., Zhao G; School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China. Electronic address: gtzhao@bzmc.edu.cn.

المصدر: Analytica chimica acta [Anal Chim Acta] 2024 Jun 01; Vol. 1306, pp. 342615. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 17.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0370534 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4324 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00032670 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Anal Chim Acta Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Single-Cell Analysis*/instrumentation , Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Gastrointestinal Microbiome*, Caco-2 Cells ; Humans ; Microelectrodes ; Coculture Techniques/instrumentation ; Coculture Techniques/methods ; Calcium/analysis ; Carbon Fiber ; Intestines/microbiology ; Potentiometry/instrumentation ; Adenosine/analysis ; Apoptosis

المؤلفون: Zhang Y; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States., Chang K; Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States., Ogunlade B; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States., Herndon L; Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States., Tadesse LF; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.; Jameel Clinic for AI & Healthcare, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States., Kirane AR; Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States., Dionne JA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States.

المصدر: ACS nano [ACS Nano] 2024 Jul 16; Vol. 18 (28), pp. 18101-18117. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 01.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Chemical Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101313589 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1936-086X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19360851 NLM ISO Abbreviation: ACS Nano Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Spectrum Analysis, Raman*/methods , Single-Cell Analysis* , Machine Learning*, Humans ; Phenotype ; Genotype

المؤلفون: Marković I; Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia., Debeljak Ž; Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia. Electronic address: zeljko.debeljak@gmail.com., Dobrošević B; Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia., Lukić M; Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia., Mrđenović S; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Clinic, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia., Kotris A; Faculty of Medicine Osijek, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Clinic, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia., Bošnjak B; Clinical Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia., Dmitrović B; Department for Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Centre Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.

المصدر: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry [Clin Chim Acta] 2024 Jul 15; Vol. 561, pp. 119758. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 06.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 1302422 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-3492 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00098981 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Chim Acta Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell*/metabolism , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell*/diagnosis , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell*/pathology , Single-Cell Analysis* , Antigens, CD19*/metabolism , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization*, Humans ; Metabolomics/methods ; Lymphocytes/metabolism

المؤلفون: Magaña-López G; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LaBRI, UMR 5800, Talence, France., Calzone L; Institut Curie, Université PSL, Paris, France.; INSERM, U900, Paris, France.; Mines ParisTech, Université PSL, Paris, France., Zinovyev A; In silico R&D, Evotec, Toulouse, France., Paulevé L; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LaBRI, UMR 5800, Talence, France.

المصدر: PLoS computational biology [PLoS Comput Biol] 2024 Jul 08; Vol. 20 (7), pp. e1011620. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 08 (Print Publication: 2024).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101238922 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1553-7358 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1553734X NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS Comput Biol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Computational Biology*/methods , Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Single-Cell Analysis*/statistics & numerical data, Humans ; RNA-Seq/methods ; RNA-Seq/statistics & numerical data ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Gene Expression Profiling/statistics & numerical data ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/statistics & numerical data ; Algorithms ; Gene Regulatory Networks/genetics ; Models, Statistical ; Software ; Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis

المؤلفون: He R; Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China., Lu J; Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China., Feng J; Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China., Lu Z; Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China., Shen K; Department of Art and Design, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China., Xu K; Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China., Luo H; Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China., Yang G; Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States., Chi H; Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China., Huang S; Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.

المصدر: Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2024 Jul 04; Vol. 15, pp. 1435187. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 04 (Print Publication: 2024).

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Melanoma*/therapy , Melanoma*/immunology , Melanoma*/diagnosis , Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Biomarkers, Tumor* , Immunotherapy*/methods , Tumor Microenvironment*/immunology, Humans ; Skin Neoplasms/therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/immunology ; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Animals ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Prognosis

المؤلفون: Zhang P; Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China., Feng J; Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China., Rui M; Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China., Xie J; Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China., Zhang L; Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China., Zhang Z; Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.

المصدر: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine [J Cell Mol Med] 2024 Jul; Vol. 28 (13), pp. e18516.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101083777 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1582-4934 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15821838 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Cell Mol Med Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Machine Learning* , Adenocarcinoma of Lung*/genetics , Adenocarcinoma of Lung*/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor*/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor*/metabolism , Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Disease Progression* , Lung Neoplasms*/genetics , Lung Neoplasms*/pathology , Tumor Microenvironment*/genetics, Humans ; Prognosis ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Gene Expression Profiling

المؤلفون: Long Q; Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China., Zhang P; Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China.; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function, Tangshan, 063000, China., Ou Y; Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China.; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function, Tangshan, 063000, China., Li W; Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China., Yan Q; Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China., Yuan X; Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China. yxd69@sohu.com.; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function, Tangshan, 063000, China. yxd69@sohu.com.

المصدر: Human cell [Hum Cell] 2024 Jul; Vol. 37 (4), pp. 904-916. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 14.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Review

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 8912329 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1749-0774 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09147470 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hum Cell Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Single-Cell Analysis*/trends , Mesenchymal Stem Cells*/cytology , Regenerative Medicine*/methods , Regenerative Medicine*/trends, Humans ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Gene Expression/genetics

المؤلفون: Wang Y; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China., Shen Z; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China., Mo S; Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China., Zhang H; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China., Chen J; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China., Zhu C; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China., Lv S; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China., Zhang D; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China., Huang X; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China., Gu Y; Division of Nephrology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213100, Jiangsu, China., Yu X; Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China., Ding X; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. ding.xiaoqiang@zs-hospital.sh.cn.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. ding.xiaoqiang@zs-hospital.sh.cn.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. ding.xiaoqiang@zs-hospital.sh.cn.; Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. ding.xiaoqiang@zs-hospital.sh.cn., Zhang X; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. zhang.xiaoyan@zs-hospital.sh.cn.; Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney Disease, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. zhang.xiaoyan@zs-hospital.sh.cn.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. zhang.xiaoyan@zs-hospital.sh.cn.; Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. zhang.xiaoyan@zs-hospital.sh.cn.

المصدر: Human cell [Hum Cell] 2024 Jul; Vol. 37 (4), pp. 1039-1055. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 16.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 8912329 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1749-0774 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09147470 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hum Cell Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Acute Kidney Injury*/pathology , Acute Kidney Injury*/metabolism , Ferroptosis*/genetics , Ferroptosis*/physiology , Macrophages*/metabolism , Macrophages*/physiology , Fibroblasts*/metabolism , Fibroblasts*/pathology , Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Kidney Tubules, Proximal*/pathology , Kidney Tubules, Proximal*/cytology, Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Cell Communication ; Disease Models, Animal

المؤلفون: Rupp BT; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Cook CD; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Purcell EA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Pop M; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Radomski AE; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Mesyngier N; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Bailey RC; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Nagrath S; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.

المصدر: Advanced biology [Adv Biol (Weinh)] 2024 Jul; Vol. 8 (7), pp. e2400066. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 13.

نوع المنشور: Journal Article

بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley-VCH GmbH Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101775319 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2701-0198 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 27010198 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Adv Biol (Weinh) Subsets: MEDLINE

مواضيع طبية MeSH: Single-Cell Analysis*/methods , Single-Cell Analysis*/instrumentation , Cell Separation*/methods , Cell Separation*/instrumentation, Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ; Extracellular Vesicles/physiology ; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/instrumentation ; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/methods ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/instrumentation ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods ; Estradiol/pharmacology