دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

The science of spin: targeted strategies to manufacture doubt with detrimental effects on environmental and public health.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: The science of spin: targeted strategies to manufacture doubt with detrimental effects on environmental and public health.
المؤلفون: Goldberg RF; Graduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA., Vandenberg LN; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 171C Goessmann, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA. lvandenberg@schoolph.umass.edu.
المصدر: Environmental health : a global access science source [Environ Health] 2021 Mar 26; Vol. 20 (1), pp. 33. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 26.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101147645 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-069X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1476069X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Health Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2002-
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Academies and Institutes* , Communication* , Deception* , Environmental Health* , Industry* , Public Health*, Coal ; Herbicides ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Pesticides ; Public Relations ; Sugars ; Nicotiana
مستخلص: Background: Numerous groups, such as the tobacco industry, have deliberately altered and misrepresented knowable facts and empirical evidence to promote an agenda, often for monetary benefit, with consequences for environmental and public health. Previous research has explored cases individually, but none have conducted an in-depth comparison between cases. The purpose of this study was to compile a comprehensive list of tactics used by disparate groups and provide a framework for identifying further instances of manufactured doubt.
Methods: We examined scholarly books, peer-reviewed articles, well-researched journalism pieces, and legal evidence related to five disparate industries and organizations selected for their destructive impacts on environmental and public health (tobacco, coal, and sugar industries, manufacturers of the pesticide Atrazine, and the Marshall Institute, an institute focused on climate change research, and other scientists from the era that associated with those in the Institute). These documents provided evidence for a list of tactics used to generate pro-industry spin and manufacture doubt about conferred harm. We then identified trends among sets of strategies that could explain their differential use or efficacy.
Results: We recognized 28 unique tactics used to manufacture doubt. Five of these tactics were used by all five organizations, suggesting that they are key features of manufactured doubt. The intended audience influences the strategy used to misinform, and logical fallacies contribute to their efficacy.
Conclusions: This list of tactics can be used by others to build a case that an industry or group is deliberately manipulating information associated with their actions or products. Improved scientific and rhetorical literacy could be used to render them less effective, depending on the audience targeted, and ultimately allow for the protection of both environmental health and public health more generally.
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معلومات مُعتمدة: U01 ES026140 United States ES NIEHS NIH HHS; U01ES026140 United States ES NIEHS NIH HHS
فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Tobacco Papers; hyperbole; logical fallacy; misrepresentation; regulation; scientific literacy; study design
سلسلة جزيئية: figshare 10.6084/m9.figshare.14329669.v1
المشرفين على المادة: 0 (Coal)
0 (Herbicides)
0 (Pesticides)
0 (Sugars)
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20210327 Date Completed: 20210830 Latest Revision: 20231213
رمز التحديث: 20240829
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC7996119
DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00723-0
PMID: 33771171
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1476-069X
DOI:10.1186/s12940-021-00723-0