Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions and COVID-19 Burden in the United States.
| العنوان: | Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions and COVID-19 Burden in the United States. |
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| المؤلفون: | Ahlers MJ; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Aralis HJ; Department of Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Tang WL; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Sussman JB; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA., Fonarow GC; Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Ziaeian B; Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; Division of Cardiology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA. |
| المصدر: | MedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences [medRxiv] 2021 Sep 28. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 28. |
| نوع المنشور: | Preprint |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101767986 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet NLM ISO Abbreviation: medRxiv Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| مستخلص: | Background: Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are mitigation strategies used to reduce the spread of transmissible diseases. The relative effectiveness of specific NPIs remains uncertain. Methods: We used state-level Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case and mortality data between January 19, 2020 and March 7, 2021 to model NPI policy effectiveness. Empirically derived breakpoints in case and mortality velocities were used to identify periods of stable, decreasing, or increasing COVID-19 burden. The associations between NPI adoption and subsequent decreases in case or death velocities were estimated using generalized linear models accounting for weekly variability shared across states. State-level NPI policies included: stay at home order, indoor public gathering ban (mild >10 or severe ≤10), indoor restaurant dining ban, and public mask mandate. Results: 28,602,830 cases and 511,899 deaths were recorded. The odds of a decrease in COVID-19 case velocity were significantly elevated for stay at home (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.63-2.52), indoor dining ban (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.25-2.10), public mask mandate (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.47-3.23), and severe gathering ban (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.31-2.16). In mutually adjusted models, odds remained elevated for stay at home (AOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.04-2.07) and public mask mandate (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.51-3.41). Stay at home (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.53-2.62; AOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.25-2.87) was also associated with greater likelihood of decrease in death velocity in unadjusted and adjusted models. Conclusions: NPIs employed in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic, most significantly stay at home orders, were associated with decreased COVID-19 burden. |
| التعليقات: | Update in: BMJ Med. 2022 Aug 1;1(1):e000030. (PMID: 36936598) |
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| معلومات مُعتمدة: | KL2 TR001882 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20211006 Latest Revision: 20231107 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20231107 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC8491859 |
| DOI: | 10.1101/2021.09.26.21264142 |
| PMID: | 34611668 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
| DOI: | 10.1101/2021.09.26.21264142 |
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