دورية أكاديمية
Same or different? Abstract relational concept use in juvenile bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids.
| العنوان: | Same or different? Abstract relational concept use in juvenile bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Fuss T; Institute of Zoology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 169, Bonn, 53115, Germany., John L; Institute of Zoology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 169, Bonn, 53115, Germany., Schluessel V; Institute of Zoology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 169, Bonn, 53115, Germany. |
| المصدر: | Current zoology [Curr Zool] 2018 Jul 14; Vol. 67 (3), pp. 279-292. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 14 (Print Publication: 2021). |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101508778 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1674-5507 (Print) Linking ISSN: 16745507 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Zool Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Publication: Oxford : Oxford University Press Original Publication: Beijing : Editorial Office, Current Zoology |
| مستخلص: | Sorting objects and events into categories and concepts is an important cognitive prerequisite that spares an individual the learning of every object or situation encountered in its daily life. Accordingly, specific items are classified in general groups that allow fast responses to novel situations. The present study assessed whether bamboo sharks Chiloscyllium griseum and Malawi cichlids Pseudotropheus zebra can distinguish sets of stimuli (each stimulus consisting of two abstract, geometric objects) that meet two conceptual preconditions, i.e., (1) "sameness" versus "difference" and (2) a certain spatial arrangement of both objects. In two alternative forced choice experiments, individuals were first trained to choose two different, vertically arranged objects from two different but horizontally arranged ones. Pair discriminations were followed by extensive transfer test experiments. Transfer tests using stimuli consisting of (a) black and gray circles and (b) squares with novel geometric patterns provided conflicting information with respect to the learnt rule "choose two different, vertically arranged objects", thereby investigating (1) the individuals' ability to transfer previously gained knowledge to novel stimuli and (2) the abstract relational concept(s) or rule(s) applied to categorize these novel objects. Present results suggest that the level of processing and usage of both abstract concepts differed considerably between bamboo sharks and Malawi cichlids. Bamboo sharks seemed to combine both concepts-although not with equal but hierarchical prominence-pointing to advanced cognitive capabilities. Conversely, Malawi cichlids had difficulties in discriminating between symbols and failed to apply the acquired training knowledge on new sets of geometric and, in particular, gray-level transfer stimuli. (© The Author(s) (2018). Published by Oxford University Press.) |
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| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Malawi cichlid; bamboo shark; relational abstract concept; spatial arrangement; visual concept learning |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20211007 Latest Revision: 20211008 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20231215 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC8489000 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/cz/zoy059 |
| PMID: | 34616920 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
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