دورية أكاديمية
When danger strikes: A linguistic tool for tracking America's collective response to threats.
| العنوان: | When danger strikes: A linguistic tool for tracking America's collective response to threats. |
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| المؤلفون: | Choi VK; Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; vavkc@terpmail.umd.edu gelfand1@stanford.edu., Shrestha S; Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742., Pan X; Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742., Gelfand MJ; Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 vavkc@terpmail.umd.edu gelfand1@stanford.edu. |
| المصدر: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2022 Jan 25; Vol. 119 (4). |
| نوع المنشور: | Historical Article; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Washington, DC : National Academy of Sciences |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Mass Gatherings*, COVID-19/*psychology , Cyberbullying/*psychology , Language/*history , Mass Media/*ethics , Social Norms/*history, History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Linguistics ; Politics ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity |
| مستخلص: | In today's vast digital landscape, people are constantly exposed to threatening language, which attracts attention and activates the human brain's fear circuitry. However, to date, we have lacked the tools needed to identify threatening language and track its impact on human groups. To fill this gap, we developed a threat dictionary, a computationally derived linguistic tool that indexes threat levels from mass communication channels. We demonstrate this measure's convergent validity with objective threats in American history, including violent conflicts, natural disasters, and pathogen outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the dictionary offers predictive insights on US society's shifting cultural norms, political attitudes, and macroeconomic activities. Using data from newspapers that span over 100 years, we found change in threats to be associated with tighter social norms and collectivistic values, stronger approval of sitting US presidents, greater ethnocentrism and conservatism, lower stock prices, and less innovation. The data also showed that threatening language is contagious. In all, the language of threats is a powerful tool that can inform researchers and policy makers on the public's daily exposure to threatening language and make visible interesting societal patterns across American history. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.) |
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| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: collective threats; historical change; language; mass communication; socioecology |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20220125 Date Completed: 20220131 Latest Revision: 20220204 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240628 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC8795557 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.2113891119 |
| PMID: | 35074911 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
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