دورية أكاديمية
Unsupervised Machine Learning to Detect and Characterize Barriers to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Therapy: Multiplatform Social Media Study.
| العنوان: | Unsupervised Machine Learning to Detect and Characterize Barriers to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Therapy: Multiplatform Social Media Study. |
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| المؤلفون: | Xu Q; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Policy and Data Institute San Diego, CA United States., Nali MC; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Policy and Data Institute San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Program, Department of Anthropology University of California La Jolla, CA United States., McMann T; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Policy and Data Institute San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Program, Department of Anthropology University of California La Jolla, CA United States., Godinez H; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States., Li J; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Policy and Data Institute San Diego, CA United States., He Y; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States., Cai M; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Policy and Data Institute San Diego, CA United States., Lee C; Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring, MD United States., Merenda C; Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring, MD United States., Araojo R; Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring, MD United States., Mackey TK; S-3 Research San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Policy and Data Institute San Diego, CA United States.; Global Health Program, Department of Anthropology University of California La Jolla, CA United States. |
| المصدر: | JMIR infodemiology [JMIR Infodemiology] 2022 Apr 28; Vol. 2 (1), pp. e35446. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 28 (Print Publication: 2022). |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: JMIR Publications Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 9918249014806676 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2564-1891 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25641891 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JMIR Infodemiology Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Toronto, ON, Canada : JMIR Publications, [2021]- |
| مستخلص: | Background: Among racial and ethnic minority groups, the risk of HIV infection is an ongoing public health challenge. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective for preventing HIV when taken as prescribed. However, there is a need to understand the experiences, attitudes, and barriers of PrEP for racial and ethnic minority populations and sexual minority groups. Objective: This infodemiology study aimed to leverage big data and unsupervised machine learning to identify, characterize, and elucidate experiences and attitudes regarding perceived barriers associated with the uptake and adherence to PrEP therapy. This study also specifically examined shared experiences from racial or ethnic populations and sexual minority groups. Methods: The study used data mining approaches to collect posts from popular social media platforms such as Twitter, YouTube, Tumblr, Instagram, and Reddit. Posts were selected by filtering for keywords associated with PrEP, HIV, and approved PrEP therapies. We analyzed data using unsupervised machine learning, followed by manual annotation using a deductive coding approach to characterize PrEP and other HIV prevention-related themes discussed by users. Results: We collected 522,430 posts over a 60-day period, including 408,637 (78.22%) tweets, 13,768 (2.63%) YouTube comments, 8728 (1.67%) Tumblr posts, 88,177 (16.88%) Instagram posts, and 3120 (0.6%) Reddit posts. After applying unsupervised machine learning and content analysis, 785 posts were identified that specifically related to barriers to PrEP, and they were grouped into three major thematic domains: provider level (13/785, 1.7%), patient level (570/785, 72.6%), and community level (166/785, 21.1%). The main barriers identified in these categories included those associated with knowledge (lack of knowledge about PrEP), access issues (lack of insurance coverage, no prescription, and impact of COVID-19 pandemic), and adherence (subjective reasons for why users terminated PrEP or decided not to start PrEP, such as side effects, alternative HIV prevention measures, and social stigma). Among the 785 PrEP posts, we identified 320 (40.8%) posts where users self-identified as racial or ethnic minority or as a sexual minority group with their specific PrEP barriers and concerns. Conclusions: Both objective and subjective reasons were identified as barriers reported by social media users when initiating, accessing, and adhering to PrEP. Though ample evidence supports PrEP as an effective HIV prevention strategy, user-generated posts nevertheless provide insights into what barriers are preventing people from broader adoption of PrEP, including topics that are specific to 2 different groups of sexual minority groups and racial and ethnic minority populations. Results have the potential to inform future health promotion and regulatory science approaches that can reach these HIV and AIDS communities that may benefit from PrEP. Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: QX, MCN, TM, HG, JL, YH, MC, and TKM are employees of the startup company S-3 Research LLC. S-3 Research is a startup funded and currently supported by the National Institutes of Health–National Institute on Drug Abuse through a Small Business Innovation and Research contract for opioid-related social media research and technology commercialization. (©Qing Xu, Matthew C Nali, Tiana McMann, Hector Godinez, Jiawei Li, Yifan He, Mingxiang Cai, Christine Lee, Christine Merenda, Richardae Araojo, Tim Ken Mackey. Originally published in JMIR Infodemiology (https://infodemiology.jmir.org), 28.04.2022.) |
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| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: HIV; PrEP; infoveillance; minority health; social media |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20230428 Latest Revision: 20230430 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240829 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC10014091 |
| DOI: | 10.2196/35446 |
| PMID: | 37113799 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 2564-1891 |
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| DOI: | 10.2196/35446 |