دورية أكاديمية
Unhealthy food advertising on Costa Rican and Guatemalan television: a comparative study.
| العنوان: | Unhealthy food advertising on Costa Rican and Guatemalan television: a comparative study. |
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| المؤلفون: | Morales-Juárez A; INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala., Monterrubio E; Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Cosenza-Quintana EL; INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala., Zamora I; School of Public Health, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica., Jensen ML; School of Nutrition, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica., Vandevijvere S; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Ramírez-Zea M; INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala., Kroker-Lobos MF; INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. |
| المصدر: | Health promotion international [Health Promot Int] 2023 Jun 01; Vol. 38 (3). |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9008939 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1460-2245 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09574824 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Health Promot Int Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Eynsham, Oxford, U.K. : Oxford University Press, c1990- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Advertising* , Food*, Child ; Humans ; Costa Rica ; Marketing/methods ; Television ; Nutritive Value ; Food Industry ; Beverages |
| مستخلص: | This study aimed to exhaustively explore the characteristics of food advertising on TV in Guatemala and Costa Rica. The International Network for Food and Obesity Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) Research, Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS) methodology was applied. In 2016, we recorded 1440 h of video among 10 TV channels. We used the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Nutrient Profile (NP) Model to identify 'critical nutrients', whose excessive consumption is associated with NCDs. We created a nutritional quality score (0 if the product did not exceed any critical nutrient, 1 if the product exceeded one and 2 if it exceeded ≥2). We classified food ads as permitted (score = 0) and not-permitted (score 1 or 2) for marketing. Persuasive marketing techniques were classified as promotional characters (e.g. Batman), premium offers (e.g. toys), brand benefit claims (e.g. tasty) and health-related claims (e.g. nutritious). In Guatemala, foods that exceeded one critical nutrient were more likely to use persuasive marketing techniques, and in Costa Rica were those with an excess of ≥2 critical nutrients, compared with foods without any excess in critical nutrients [Guatemala: promotional characters (odds ratio, OR = 16.6, 95% confidence interval, CI: 5.8, 47.3), premium offers (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.4, 8.2) and health-related claims (OR = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.2, 5.7); Costa Rica: health-related claims (OR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.0, 8.5)]. In conclusion, Guatemalan and Costa Rican children are exposed to an overabundance of not-permitted food ads on TV. This justifies implementing national policies to reduce exposure to not-permitted food for marketing, including on TV and other media. (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.) |
| معلومات مُعتمدة: | 107213-001 International Development Research Center |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: children; food; obesity; public health policy; television Local Abstract: [plain-language-summary] This study aimed to exhaustively explore the characteristics of food advertising on TV in Guatemala and Costa Rica. In 2016, we recorded 1440 h of video among 10 TV channels. We used the PAHO Nutrient Profile Model to identify ‘critical nutrients’ (e.g. sodium) whose excessive consumption is associated with Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases (e.g. hypertension). We created a nutritional quality score (0 if the product did not exceed any critical nutrient, 1 if the product exceeded one and 2 if it exceeded ≥2). We classified food ads as permitted (score = 0) and not-permitted (score 1 or 2) for marketing. Persuasive marketing techniques were classified as promotional characters, premium offers, brand benefit claims and health-related claims. In Guatemala, foods that exceeded one critical nutrient had a high probability of using promotional characters, premium offers and health-related claims than foods without any excess in critical nutrients. However, in Costa Rica health-related claims had a high probability of appearing with foods that exceeded ≥2 critical nutrients. In conclusion, Guatemalan and Costa Rican children are exposed to an overabundance of not-permitted food ads on TV. This justifies implementing national policies to reduce exposure to not-permitted food for marketing. |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20230515 Date Completed: 20230517 Latest Revision: 20230517 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240829 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/heapro/daad028 |
| PMID: | 37184579 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1460-2245 |
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| DOI: | 10.1093/heapro/daad028 |