دورية أكاديمية

Ethnic inequality and public health.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Ethnic inequality and public health.
المؤلفون: Ponnusamy S; Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Hakeem MA; School of Economics and Public Policy, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
المصدر: Health economics [Health Econ] 2024 Jan; Vol. 33 (1), pp. 41-58. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 20.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9306780 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1099-1050 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10579230 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Health Econ Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: Chichester ; New York : Wiley, c1992-
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Public Health* , Ethnicity*, Child ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Minority Groups ; Life Expectancy ; Health Status Disparities ; Socioeconomic Factors
مستخلص: We examine the association between ethnic inequality and various key health outcomes for a global set of developed and developing countries. Our results show that higher ethnic inequality is associated with a poor state of public health, such as higher child and maternal mortality, increased stillbirths and child stunting, and reduced life expectancy at birth. This set of effects is found to be predominant mainly in developing countries, and Sub-Saharan African countries. Results remain robust to the inclusion of various other measures of inequality, ethnic composition indices, geographic endowments, and other relevant controls. We argue that lower contraceptive usage and poor vaccination rates are potential mechanisms through which ethnic inequality affects health outcomes. Policies targeted at improving public health may need to focus more on these key intermediate channels in ethnic minority regions.
(© 2023 The Authors. Health Economics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
References: Albanesi, S. (2007). Inflation and inequality. Journal of Monetary Economics, 54(4), 1088-1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2006.02.009.
Alesina, A., Baqir, R., & Easterly, W. (1999). Public goods and ethnic divisions. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(4), 1243-1284. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355399556269.
Alesina, A., Devleeschauwer, A., Easterly, W., Kurlat, S., & Wacziarg, R. (2003). Fractionalization. Journal of Economic Growth, 8(2), 155-194. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1024471506938.
Alesina, A., & Ferrara, E. L. (2005). Ethnic diversity and economic performance. Journal of Economic Literature, 43(3), 762-800. https://doi.org/10.1257/002205105774431243.
Alesina, A., Michalopoulos, S., & Papaioannou, E. (2016). Ethnic inequality. Journal of Political Economy, 124(2), 428-488. https://doi.org/10.1086/685300.
Alesina, A., & Rodrik, D. (1994). Distributive politics and economic growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(2), 465-490. https://doi.org/10.2307/2118470.
Alesina, A., & Zhuravskaya, E. (2011). Segregation and the quality of government in a cross section of countries. The American Economic Review, 101(5), 1872-1911. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.5.1872.
Ashraf, Q., & Galor, O. (2013). The ’out of africa’ hypothesis, human genetic diversity, and comparative economic development. The American Economic Review, 103(1), 1-46. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.1.1.
Baird, S., Friedman, J., & Schady, N. (2011). Aggregate income shocks and infant mortality in the developing world. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 93(3), 847-856. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00084.
Baldwin, K., & Huber, J. D. (2010). Economic versus cultural differences: Forms of ethnic diversity and public goods provision. American Political Science Review, 104(4), 644-662. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0003055410000419.
Biggs, B., King, L., Basu, S., & Stuckler, D. (2010). Is wealthier always healthier? The impact of national income level, inequality, and poverty on public health in Latin america. Social Science & Medicine, 71(2), 266-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.002.
Black, S. E., Devereux, P. J., & Salvanes, K. G. (2008). Staying in the classroom and out of the maternity ward? The effect of compulsory schooling laws on teenage births. The Economic Journal, 118(530), 1025-1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02159.x.
Bluhm, R., & Thomsson, K. (2020). Holding on? Ethnic divisions, political institutions and the duration of economic declines. Journal of Development Economics, 144, 102457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102457.
Braendle, T., & Colombier, C. (2016). What drives public health care expenditure growth? Evidence from swiss cantons, 1970-2012. Health Policy, 120(9), 1051-1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.07.009.
Brunello, G., Fort, M., Schneeweis, N., & Winter-Ebmer, R. (2016). The causal effect of education on health: What is the role of health behaviors? Health Economics, 25(3), 314-336. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.3141.
Chen, Y., & Li, H. (2009). Mother’s education and child health: Is there a nurturing effect? Journal of Health Economics, 28(2), 413-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.10.005.
Churchill, S. A., Ivanovski, K., & Bhattacharya, M. (2019). The role of ethnic diversity in sustainable environmental growth: New evidence across different income regions. Applied Economics, 51(4), 398-408. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2018.1497854.
Collier, P., & Gunning, J. W. (1999). Explaining african economic performance. Journal of Economic Literature, 37(1), 64-111. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.37.1.64.
Cutler, D., Deaton, A., & Lleras-Muney, A. (2006). The determinants of mortality. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(3), 97-120. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.20.3.97.
Deaton, A. (1997). The analysis of household surveys: A microeconometric approach to development policy. Johns Hopkins University Press.
Deaton, A., & Heston, A. (2010). Understanding ppps and ppp-based national accounts. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2(4), 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.2.4.1.
Desmet, K., Gomes, J. F., & Ortuño-Ortín, I. (2020). The geography of linguistic diversity and the provision of public goods. Journal of Development Economics, 143, 102384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2019.102384.
Desmet, K., Ortuño-Ortín, I., & Wacziarg, R. (2012). The political economy of linguistic cleavages. Journal of Development Economics, 97(2), 322-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2011.02.003.
de Soysa, I., & Almås, S. (2019). Does ethnolinguistic diversity preclude good governance? A comparative study with alternative data, 1990-2015. Kyklos, 72(4), 604-636. https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12210.
Easterly, W., & Levine, R. (1997). Africa’s growth tragedy: Policies and ethnic divisions. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(4), 1203-1250. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355300555466.
Elgar, F. J. (2010). Income inequality, trust, and population health in 33 countries. American Journal of Public Health, 100(11), 2311-2315. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2009.189134.
Fafchamps, M. (2000). Ethnicity and credit in african manufacturing. Journal of Development Economics, 61(1), 205-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3878(99)00068-1.
Fearon, J. D. (2003). Ethnic and cultural diversity by country. Journal of Economic Growth, 8(2), 195-222. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1024419522867.
Fosu, A. K. (2010). Inequality, income, and poverty: Comparative global evidence. Social Science Quarterly, 91(5), 1432-1446. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2010.00739.x.
Gomes, J. F. (2020). The health costs of ethnic distance: Evidence from sub-saharan africa. Journal of Economic Growth, 25(2), 195-226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-020-09177-4.
Gordon, J., & Raymond, G. (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (15th ed.).
Henderson, J. V., Storeygard, A., & Weil, D. N. (2012). Measuring economic growth from outer space. The American Economic Review, 102(2), 994-1028. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.2.994.
Hjort, J. (2014). Ethnic divisions and production in firms. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 129(4), 1899-1946. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qju028.
Huber, J. D., & Suryanarayan, P. (2020). Ethnic inequality and ethnification of political parties: Evidence from India. World Politics, 68(1), 149-188. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0043887115000349.
Hug, L., You, D., Blencowe, H., Mishra, A., Wang, Z., Fix, M. J., Wakefield, J., Moran, A. C., Gaigbe-Togbe, V., Suzuki, E., Blau, D. M., Cousens, S., Creanga, A., Croft, T., Hill, K., Joseph, K. S., Maswime, S., McClure, E. M., Pattinson, R., & Alkema, L. (2021). Global, regional, and national estimates and trends in stillbirths from 2000 to 2019: A systematic assessment. The Lancet, 398(10302), 772-785. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01112-0.
Jamison, D. T., Murphy, S. M., & Sandbu, M. E. (2016). Why has under-5 mortality decreased at such different rates in different countries? Journal of Health Economics, 48, 16-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.03.002.
Johnson, S., Larson, W., Papageorgiou, C., & Subramanian, A. (2013). Is newer better? Penn world table revisions and their impact on growth estimates. Journal of Monetary Economics, 60(2), 255-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2012.10.022.
Kyriacou, A. P. (2013). Ethnic group inequalities and governance: Evidence from developing countries. Kyklos, 66(1), 78-101. https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12012.
La Porta, R., Lopez-de Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (1999). The quality of government. Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 15(1), 222-279. https://doi.org/10.1093/jleo/15.1.222.
Levine, D. I., & Rothman, D. (2006). Does trade affect child health? Journal of Health Economics, 25(3), 538-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2005.10.001.
Mamdani, M., Garner, P., Harpham, T., & Campbell, O. (1993). Fertility and contraceptive use in poor urban areas of developing countries. Health Policy and Planning, 8, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/8.1.1.
Martinez, L. R. (2022). How much should we trust the dictator’s GDP growth estimates? Journal of Political Economy, 130(10), 2731-2769. https://doi.org/10.1086/720458.
Mayer, S. E., & Sarin, A. (2005). Some mechanisms linking economic inequality and infant mortality. Social Science & Medicine, 60(3), 439-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.06.005.
Michalopoulos, S. (2012). The origins of ethnolinguistic diversity. The American Economic Review, 102(4), 1508-1539. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.4.1508.
Millenium Development Goals Report. (2015). Retrieved from https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2015_MDG_Report/pdf/MDG%202015%20rev%20(July%201).pdf. Accessed on February 2022.
Montalvo, J. G., & Reynal-Querol, M. (2005). Ethnic polarization, potential conflict, and civil wars. The American Economic Review, 95(3), 796-816. https://doi.org/10.1257/0002828054201468.
Montalvo, J. G., & Reynal-Querol, M. (2021). Ethnic diversity and growth: Revisiting the evidence. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 103(3), 521-532. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00901.
Østby, G. (2008). Polarization, horizontal inequalities and violent civil conflict. Journal of Peace Research, 45(2), 143-162. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343307087169.
Persson, T., & Tabellini, G. (1994). Is inequality harmful for growth? The American Economic Review, 84(3), 600-621.
Ponnusamy, S. (2022). Rainfall shocks, child mortality, and water infrastructure. Health Economics, 31(7), 1317-1338. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4498.
Pritchett, L., & Summers, L. H. (1996). Wealthier is healthier. Journal of Human Resources, 31(4), 841-868. https://doi.org/10.2307/146149.
Ray, D. (2014). Development economics. Princeton University Press.
Spolaore, E., Alesina, A., & Wacziarg, R. (2000). Economic integration and political disintegration. The American Economic Review, 90(5), 1276-1296. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.90.5.1276.
Tindale, A. (2019). New patterns of ethnic diversity: Exploring the residential geographies of mixed-ethnicity individuals in sydney, Australia. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(15), 2910-2933. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183x.2018.1467267.
Weidmann, N. B., Roslashd, J. K., & Cederman, L.-E. (2010). Representing ethnic groups in space: A new dataset. Journal of Peace Research, 47(4), 491-499. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343310368352.
World Bank, World Development Indicators (WDI), 2020.
Yong, E. L. (2019). Understanding cultural diversity and economic prosperity in europe: A literature review and proposal of a culture-economy framework. Asian Journal of German and European Studies, 4(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40856-019-0043-3.
فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: child mortality; health; inequality
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20230920 Date Completed: 20231216 Latest Revision: 20240910
رمز التحديث: 20240911
DOI: 10.1002/hec.4759
PMID: 37728591
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1099-1050
DOI:10.1002/hec.4759