Prevalence of Falciparum and non-Falciparum Malaria in the 2014-15 Rwanda Demographic Health Survey.
| العنوان: | Prevalence of Falciparum and non-Falciparum Malaria in the 2014-15 Rwanda Demographic Health Survey. |
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| المؤلفون: | Gaither C; Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Morgan C; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Kirby R; Department of Pathology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA., Karema C; Quality Equity Health Care, Kigali, Rwanda., Gashema P; INES-Ruhengeri, Ruhengeri, Rwanda., White SJ; Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Topazian HM; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK., Geibrecht D; Department of Pathology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA., Thwai K; Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Boyter K; Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Munyaneza T; National Reference Laboratory, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Kigali, Rwanda., Muvunyi CM; Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda., De Dieu Butera J; National Reference Laboratory, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Kigali, Rwanda., Bailey JA; Department of Pathology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA., Mazarati JB; Quality Equity Health Care, Kigali, Rwanda.; INES-Ruhengeri, Ruhengeri, Rwanda., Juliano JJ; Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. |
| المصدر: | MedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences [medRxiv] 2024 Jan 10. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 10. |
| نوع المنشور: | Preprint |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101767986 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet NLM ISO Abbreviation: medRxiv Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| مستخلص: | Background: Malaria remains a major cause of morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. Undetected asymptomatic falciparum malaria results in a large transmission reservoir and there is evidence of increasing non-falciparum malaria as malaria is controlled in Africa, both resulting in challenges for malaria control programs. Methods: We performed quantitative real time PCR for 4 malaria species in 4,596 individuals from the 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic Health Survey. Bivariate models were used to determine species-specific associations with risk factors. Results: Asymptomatic falciparum malaria, P. ovale spp. , and P. malariae infection had broad spatial distribution across Rwanda. P. vivax infection was rare. Overall infection prevalence was 23.6% (95%CI [21.7%, 26.0%]), with falciparum and non-falciparum at 17.6% [15.9%, 19.0%] and 8.3% [7.0%, 10.0%], respectively. Parasitemias tended to be low and mixed species infections were common, especially where malaria transmission was the highest. Falciparum infection was associated with socio-econiomic status, rural residence and low altitude. Few risk factors were associated with non-falciparum malaria. Conclusions: Asymptomatic falciparum malaria and non-falciparum malaria are common and widely distributed across Rwanda. Continued molecular monitoring of Plasmodium spp. is needed to monitor these threats to malaria control in Africa. Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest/Ethics: Authors do not declare conflicts of interest associated with this work. Dried Blood Spots (DBS) were provided by the Ministry of Health- Rwanda. Clinical and offset GPS data was downloaded from DHS-MEASURE. The University of North Carolina and Brown University IRBs deemed this non-human subjects research. |
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| معلومات مُعتمدة: | K24 AI134990 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R01 AI156267 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Plasmodium; asymptomatic; falciparum; malaria; malariae; non-falciparum; ovale; vivax |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240123 Latest Revision: 20240201 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240201 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC10802648 |
| DOI: | 10.1101/2024.01.09.24301054 |
| PMID: | 38260604 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
| DOI: | 10.1101/2024.01.09.24301054 |
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