دورية أكاديمية
LC-MS-MS method for mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in hair and its application in authentic hair samples of suspected kratom abusers.
| العنوان: | LC-MS-MS method for mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in hair and its application in authentic hair samples of suspected kratom abusers. |
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| المؤلفون: | Rhee J; Toxicology & Narcotics Division, National Forensic Service Seoul Institute, 139 Jiyang-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 08036, Republic of Korea., Shin I; Toxicology & Narcotics Division, National Forensic Service Seoul Institute, 139 Jiyang-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 08036, Republic of Korea., Kim J; Toxicology & Narcotics Division, National Forensic Service Seoul Institute, 139 Jiyang-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 08036, Republic of Korea., Lee J; Forensic Science Department, National Forensic Service, 10 Ipchun-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26460, Republic of Korea., Cho B; Forensic Science Department, National Forensic Service, 10 Ipchun-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26460, Republic of Korea., Kim J; Toxicology & Narcotics Division, National Forensic Service Seoul Institute, 139 Jiyang-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 08036, Republic of Korea., Park M; Toxicology & Narcotics Division, National Forensic Service Seoul Institute, 139 Jiyang-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 08036, Republic of Korea., Kim E; Forensic Science Department, National Forensic Service, 10 Ipchun-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26460, Republic of Korea. |
| المصدر: | Journal of analytical toxicology [J Anal Toxicol] 2024 Jul 13; Vol. 48 (6), pp. 429-438. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7705085 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1945-2403 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01464760 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Anal Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Publication: 2012- : Oxford : Oxford University Press Original Publication: 1977-<2011>: Niles, Ill., Preston Publications. |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids*/analysis , Tandem Mass Spectrometry* , Hair*/chemistry , Mitragyna*/chemistry , Substance Abuse Detection*/methods, Humans ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Limit of Detection ; Reproducibility of Results ; Oxindoles/analysis ; Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| مستخلص: | Kratom is a natural psychoactive product known primarily in Southeast Asia, including Thailand, Malaysia, etc. It is also known as krathom, kakuam, ithang, thom (Thailand), biak-biak, ketum (Malaysia) and mambog (Philippines) and is sometimes used as an opium substitute. It is stimulant at doses of 1-5 g, analgesic at doses of 5-15 g and euphoric and sedative at doses of >15 g. Mitragynine is the most abundant indole compound in kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) and is metabolized in humans to 7-hydroxymitragynine, the more active metabolite. Adverse effects include seizures, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tachycardia, restlessness, tremors, hallucinations and death. There are few studies on the analytical method for the detection of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in hair. Therefore, this study proposes a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method for the analysis of kratom in hair. Hair samples were first weighed to ∼10 mg and washed with methanol. Then the washed hair samples were cut into pieces and incubated in methanol with stirring and heating (16 h/38℃). Extracts were then analyzed by LC-MS-MS. This method was validated by determining the limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification, linearity, intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision, recovery and matrix effects. The intra- and inter-day precision (CV%) and accuracy (bias%) were within ±20%, which was considered acceptable. Using this newly developed LC-MS-MS method, the simultaneous detection of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in six authentic hair samples was achieved to provide the direct evidence of kratom use in the past. Mitragynine concentrations ranged from 16.0 to 2,067 pg/mg (mean 905.3 pg/mg), and 7-hydroxymitragynine concentrations ranged from 0.34 to 15 pg/mg (mean 7.4 pg/mg) in six authentic hair samples from kratom abusers. This may be due to the higher sensitivity of the LOD in this study, with values of 0.05 pg/mg for mitragynine and 0.2 pg/mg for 7-hydroxymitragynine in hair. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site–for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.) |
| المشرفين على المادة: | EP479K822J (mitragynine) 0 (Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids) 2T3TWA75R0 (7-hydroxymitragynine) 0 (Oxindoles) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240523 Date Completed: 20240713 Latest Revision: 20240713 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240713 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jat/bkae041 |
| PMID: | 38780234 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1945-2403 |
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| DOI: | 10.1093/jat/bkae041 |