دورية أكاديمية
Social Vulnerability and Compliance With World Health Organization Advice on Protective Behaviors Against COVID-19 in African and Asia Pacific Countries: Factor Analysis to Develop a Social Vulnerability Index.
| العنوان: | Social Vulnerability and Compliance With World Health Organization Advice on Protective Behaviors Against COVID-19 in African and Asia Pacific Countries: Factor Analysis to Develop a Social Vulnerability Index. |
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| المؤلفون: | Pongutta S; International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Muang, Nonthaburi, Thailand., Tangcharoensathien V; International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Muang, Nonthaburi, Thailand., Leung K; WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.; Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.; The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China., Larson HJ; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.; Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States., Lin L; WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.; Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. |
| المصدر: | JMIR public health and surveillance [JMIR Public Health Surveill] 2024 Aug 13; Vol. 10, pp. e54383. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 13. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: JMIR Publications Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 101669345 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2369-2960 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23692960 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JMIR Public Health Surveill Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: Toronto : JMIR Publications, [2015]- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | COVID-19*/prevention & control , COVID-19*/epidemiology , World Health Organization*, Humans ; Asia/epidemiology ; Africa/epidemiology ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Vulnerable Populations ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data ; Health Behavior |
| مستخلص: | Background: COVID-19 protective behaviors are key interventions advised by the World Health Organization (WHO) to prevent COVID-19 transmission. However, achieving compliance with this advice is often challenging, particularly among socially vulnerable groups. Objective: We developed a social vulnerability index (SVI) to predict individuals' propensity to adhere to the WHO advice on protective behaviors against COVID-19 and identify changes in social vulnerability as Omicron evolved in African countries between January 2022 and August 2022 and Asia Pacific countries between August 2021 and June 2022. Methods: In African countries, baseline data were collected from 14 countries (n=15,375) during the first Omicron wave, and follow-up data were collected from 7 countries (n=7179) after the wave. In Asia Pacific countries, baseline data were collected from 14 countries (n=12,866) before the first Omicron wave, and follow-up data were collected from 9 countries (n=8737) after the wave. Countries' socioeconomic and health profiles were retrieved from relevant databases. To construct the SVI for each of the 4 data sets, variables associated with COVID-19 protective behaviors were included in a factor analysis using polychoric correlation with varimax rotation. Influential factors were adjusted for cardinality, summed, and min-max normalized from 0 to 1 (most to least vulnerable). Scores for compliance with the WHO advice were calculated using individuals' self-reported protective behaviors against COVID-19. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the associations between the SVI and scores for compliance to WHO advice to validate the index. Results: In Africa, factors contributing to social vulnerability included literacy and media use, trust in health care workers and government, and country income and infrastructure. In Asia Pacific, social vulnerability was determined by literacy, country income and infrastructure, and population density. The index was associated with compliance with the WHO advice in both time points in African countries but only during the follow-up period in Asia Pacific countries. At baseline, the index values in African countries ranged from 0.00 to 0.31 in 13 countries, with 1 country having an index value of 1.00. The index values in Asia Pacific countries ranged from 0.00 to 0.23 in 12 countries, with 2 countries having index values of 0.79 and 1.00. During the follow-up phase, the index values decreased in 6 of 7 African countries and the 2 most vulnerable Asia Pacific countries. The index values of the least vulnerable countries remained unchanged in both regions. Conclusions: In both regions, significant inequalities in social vulnerability to compliance with WHO advice were observed at baseline, and the gaps became larger after the first Omicron wave. Understanding the dimensions that influence social vulnerability to protective behaviors against COVID-19 may underpin targeted interventions to enhance compliance with WHO recommendations and mitigate the impact of future pandemics among vulnerable groups. (©Suladda Pongutta, Viroj Tangcharoensathien, Kathy Leung, Heidi J Larson, Leesa Lin. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 13.08.2024.) |
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| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Africa; African countries; COVID-19; Factor analysis; Omicron; Western Pacific; Western countries; baseline data; behaviour; behaviours; communication; health risk perception; linear regression; media use; polychoric; precautionary; predict; predictability; prediction; predicts; preventive; propensity; protective; protective behavior; social vulnerability; social vulnerability Index; sociodemographic; socioeconomic; varimax rotation |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20240813 Date Completed: 20240813 Latest Revision: 20240830 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240830 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC11350317 |
| DOI: | 10.2196/54383 |
| PMID: | 39137034 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
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