التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
APPLYING SPECIES-SENSITIVITY DISTRIBUTIONS IN ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT: ASSUMPTIONS OF DISTRIBUTION TYPE AND SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF SPECIES. |
| المؤلفون: |
Newman, Michael C., Ownby, David R., Méxin, Laurent C. A., Powell, David C., Christensen, Tyler R. L., Lerberg, Scott B., Anderson, Britt-Anne |
| المصدر: |
Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry; Feb2000, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p508-515, 8p, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
ECOLOGICAL risk assessment, TOXICITY testing, STATISTICAL bootstrapping, SPECIES, STATISTICAL sampling |
| مستخلص: |
Species-sensitivity distribution methods assemble single-species toxicity data to predict hazardous concentrations (HCps) affecting a certain percentage (p) of species in a community. The fit of the lognormal model and required number of individual species values were evaluated with 30 published data sets. The increasingly common assumption that a lognormal model best fits these data was not supported. Fifteen data sets failed a formal test of conformity to a lognormal distribution; other distributions often provided better fit to the data than the lognormal distribution. An alternate bootstrap method provided accurate estimates of HCp without the assumption of a specific distribution. Approximate sample sizes producing HC5 estimates with minimal variance ranged from 15 to 55, and had a median of 30 species-sensitivity values. These sample sizes are higher than those suggested in recent regulatory documents. A bootstrap method is recommended that predicts with 95% confidence the concentration affecting 5% or fewer species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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