التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Functional Morphology of Leg Mechanosensory Organs in Early Postembryonic Development in the Stick Insect (Sipyloidea chlorotica). |
| المؤلفون: |
Strauß, Johannes |
| المصدر: |
Insects (2075-4450); Jun2024, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p392, 12p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
PHASMIDA, INSECT development, ANIMAL morphology, MORPHOLOGY, SENSE organs, SENSORY neurons, SOMATIC embryogenesis |
| مستخلص: |
Simple Summary: Stick insects and their mechanoreceptors are important models for neurobiology and physiology. Mechanoreceptors are sensory systems that detect mechanical stimuli like wind, airborne sound, substrate vibration, or gravity. They are present in insects in highly diverse forms. Here, the morphology of a mechanosensory complex (the subgenual organ complex) with two distinct organs in the legs of a stick insect (Sipyloidea chlorotica) is described for animals that were newly hatched. The overall organisation of this sensory complex is unique in stick insects, and the present study extends the current knowledge from adult insects to the early juvenile instars. The morphological results show a connection between the two sensory organs (subgenual organ and distal organ) by a thin membrane, which had already been documented in adult stick insects. By the time of hatching, both the sensory neurons activated by mechanical stimuli as well as further tissues in the sensory complex are present, and they likely develop during embryogenesis. The sensory organs could also be functional at hatching. This report discusses the implications of a connection between the subgenual organ and the distal organ, suggesting that the membrane would influence the displacements of the two organs. The subgenual organ complex of stick insects has a unique neuroanatomical organisation with two elaborate chordotonal organs, the subgenual organ and the distal organ. These organs are present in all leg pairs and are already developed in newly hatched stick insects. The present study analyses for the first time the morphology of sensory organs in the subgenual organ complex for a membrane connecting the two sensory organs in newly hatched insects (Sipyloidea chlorotica (Audinet-Serville 1838)). The stick insect legs were analysed following hatching by axonal tracing and light microscopy. The subgenual organ complex in first juvenile instars shows the sensory organs and a thin membrane connecting the sensory organs resembling the morphology of adult animals. Rarely was this membrane not detected, where it is assumed as not developed during embryogenesis. The connection appears to influence the shape of the subgenual organ, with one end extending towards the distal organ as under tension. These findings are discussed for the following functional implications: (1) the physiological responses of the subgenual organ complex to mechanical stimuli after hatching, (2) the influence of the membrane on the displacement of the sensory organs, and (3) the connection between the subgenual organ and distal organ as a possible functional coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
|
Copyright of Insects (2075-4450) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
Complementary Index |
Full Text Finder