التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
ワクフに関するエジプト最高憲法裁判所 2008 年違憲判決の解題および全訳. (Japanese) |
| Alternate Title: |
Explanatory Notes on a 2008 Decision by Egypt’s Supreme Constitutional Court Ruling a Waqf Law Unconstitutional, with a Translation into Japanese. (English) |
| المؤلفون: |
竹村和昭 |
| المصدر: |
Asian Economies; 2020, Vol. 61 Issue 4, p32-51, 20p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
APPELLATE courts, JUSTICE administration, WAQF, INHERITANCE & succession |
| Abstract (English): |
This paper examines a 2008 decision by Egypt’s Supreme Constitutional Court (SCC) ruling unconstitutional Article 3 of Law No. 180 of 1952 on the abolition of non-charitable waqfs, commonly known as family waqfs. This law ended the well-known practice of family waqfs, that is, granting the right to use one’s property in perpetuity to one’s family members and their descendants, a practice that was widely popular in Egyptian society at the time. The law also modified the manner in which the erstwhile waqf property was divided among its beneficiaries, which had previously been dictated by Law No. 48 of 1946. Thus, the new law led to disputes over the distribution of old waqf property among family members because it related to shares of inheritances. Why was such a decision reached so many decades after the law was enacted, and what has its effect been? The first part of this paper consists of explanatory notes on the decision from three perspectives: (1) an examination of the form and composition of the decision; (2) the reconstitution of family disputes over family waqfs as a result of the decision; and (3) an investigation of the logic of the SCC judges regarding the unconstitutionality of this law. The second part of the paper presents a Japanese translation of the decision, which was originally written in Arabic, and gives Japanese readers an opportunity to review the discussions in this paper and provides insight into the Egyptian legal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Japanese): |
本稿は，エジプトの最高憲法裁判所が 2008 年に言い渡した，1952 年法律第 180 号の第 3 条に関す る違憲判決を解題し，その全文翻訳を提示するものである。同法は，一般に「家族ワクフ」と呼ばれ ていた寄進財制度を廃止し，その財産を関係者に分配することを定めた。これは，相続の取り分に関 わるため，広汎な社会層に争いを生み出し，そのうちのひとつが最高憲法裁判所にまで至ったのである。 同法が制定されてから半世紀以上の時間が経過した後に，なぜこのような展開が生じたのだろうか。 判決の影響力はどこまで及ぶのだろうか。本稿の解題部では，判決の資料的側面（第Ⅰ節），判決文か ら読み取られる家族ワクフをめぐる争いの実相（第Ⅱ節），そして違憲の判断を下した裁判官の論理（第 Ⅲ節）を明らかにする。本稿の資料部では，同判決の内容を原形式のまま全訳し，解題部の議論が実 際の判決文でどのように表現されているかを確認できるようにした。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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