دورية
Biodiesel Production From High-free Fatty Acids Podocarpus falcatusOil and Identification of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters by FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and GC/MS Studies
| العنوان: | Biodiesel Production From High-free Fatty Acids Podocarpus falcatusOil and Identification of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters by FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and GC/MS Studies |
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| المؤلفون: | Ngomade, Serges Bruno Lemoupi, Bhonsle, Aman Kumar, Rawat, Neha, Kuete, Hermann-Idriss Tiotsop, Nana, Achile, Nche, George Ndifor-Angwafor, Anagho, Solomon Gabche, Atray, Neeraj |
| المصدر: | Iranian Journal of Science; 20240101, Issue: Preprints p1-14, 14p |
| مستخلص: | Biodiesel occupies a prominent place as the alternative fuel to fossil diesel owing to socio-economic and environmental factors. In this present study, Podocarpus falcatus oil(PFO), having undergone a storage effect, was converted into biodiesel. PFO had a high fatty acid content (FFA = 8.19%). For this reason, a two-step transesterification procedure was developed to convert these high-free fatty acid (FFA) oils into their corresponding monoesters. In the initial step, an acid-catalyzed esterification was employed to lower the FFA content of the oil to below 2%. Subsequently, a second step involving an alkaline catalysis transesterification process was used to convert the product obtained in the first step into monoesters and glycerol. The methyl esters obtained were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur (CHNS), and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. The identity FAME were Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (C16:0), 9,11-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E, E)- (C18:0), 6-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z)- (C18:2), Methyl stearate (C18:1), Methyl (Z)-5,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoate (C20:5), 11,14-Eicosadienoic acid, methyl ester (C20:3), 11-Eicosenoic acid, methyl ester (C20:2). The study examined the thermal stability of synthesized biodiesel, revealing it remained stable up to 189 °C. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of biodiesel were validated using ASTM6751 standards. |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Supplemental Index |
Find this article in full text from Springer Verlag. | تدمد: | 27318095 27318109 |
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| DOI: | 10.1007/s40995-024-01649-1 |