Most of the testicular neoplasia (TN) in dogs have benign biological behavior but some can lead to endocrinological disbalance. On the other hand, if there is a suspicion for TN, there is a strong indication for orchidectomy. Orchidectomy (ORCH) is also treatment of choice for prostatic hypertrophy (PH), cryptorchidism (UDT) and it is the best prevention for unwanted and uncontrolled mating. There is a strong connection between the mid-aged male dogs (6y+) which underwent ORCH and histopathological changes of the testicular tissue. Dogs older then 6 years are more prone to develop Leydig cell tumor (LCT), Sertoli cell tumor (SCT), Seminoma (ST) or a combination of these tumors. The aim of this study is to analyze histopathological findings of the testicular tissue after elective ORCH. Fifty healthy dogs (age 1-17y, M = 8, 3y) were included in our research which underwent ORCH due to PH, UDT or owners wanted the ORCH. None of the dogs included in this study were suspected of TN since they were healthy on preoperative examination (clinical examination, thoracic and abdominal radiography, blood results, ECG). Dogs were divided in the groups by age (1-5y = 15 dogs ; 6-10y =17 dogs ; 11-15y =15 dogs and >15y = 3 dogs). If the dog had only one altered testicle upon histopathology result, it was classified into a group depending on the dominant histopathological change. Normal testicular tissue was noted in13 dogs, atrophy with or without tissue degeneration in 15 dogs, ST in 10 dogs, LCT in 6 dogs, melanoma in 1 dog, „Mix 1“group (ST + LCT) in 2 dogs, „Mix 2“group (ST + SCT) in 2 dogs and „Mix 3“group (SCT + LCT) in 1 dog. These results showed that mid to old age dogs have a high possibility to have degeneration of testicular tissue and even some type of a TN. Based on these results, we can conclude that for middle aged dogs (6y+) there is a medical indication for ORCH as a good prevention of further testicular disorders.
