Abstract: In Wuhan, China, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported and caused coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The coronavirus infection is pathogenic and highly transmittable and spread quickly around the world by the human to human contact. Through genomic analysis, it has been revealed that the primary reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 is bats due to having severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS-like) viruses phylogenetically. The viral infection is rapidly transmitted by the human to human contact, but the intermediate source of their origin and transfer is not known. To date, any clinically approved vaccine or antiviral drug has not been prepared against COVID-19. However, researchers and scientists have evaluated some broad-spectrum antiviral drugs against COVID-19 through clinical trials and they have found satisfactory clinical recovery. This review summarizes the comparative analysis of the emergence and pathogenicity of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). This review is also focused on the development of effective vaccines or antidrug and also provides details related to an approach to practice therapeutic combinations to fight against this viral outbreak.
