pH effects on plant calcium fluxes: lessons from acidification-mediated calcium elevation induced by the γ-glutamyl-leucine dipeptide identified from Phytophthora infestans
| العنوان: | pH effects on plant calcium fluxes: lessons from acidification-mediated calcium elevation induced by the γ-glutamyl-leucine dipeptide identified from Phytophthora infestans |
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| المؤلفون: | Lore Westphal, Justin Lee, Nadine Strehmel, Bernhard Westermann, Dierk Scheel, Nicole Bauer, Sabine Rosahl, Lennart Eschen-Lippold |
| المصدر: | Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2019) Scientific Reports |
| بيانات النشر: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019. |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, Phytophthora infestans, Arabidopsis, lcsh:Medicine, chemistry.chemical_element, Calcium, Article, Mass Spectrometry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Calcium flux, Calcium Signaling, lcsh:Science, Receptor, MAMP, Multidisciplinary, Dipeptide, lcsh:R, fungi, Glutamate receptor, Dipeptides, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Cytosol, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Seedlings, lcsh:Q, Leucine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| الوصف: | Cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) elevation is an early signaling response upon exposure to pathogen-derived molecules (so-called microbe-associated molecular patterns, MAMPs) and has been successfully used as a quantitative read-out in genetic screens to identify MAMP receptors or their associated components. Here, we isolated and identified by mass spectrometry the dipeptide γ-Glu-Leu as a component of a Phytophthora infestans mycelium extract that induces [Ca2+]cyt elevation. Treatment of Arabidopsis seedlings with synthetic γ-Glu-Leu revealed stimulatory effects on defense signaling, including a weak enhancement of the expression of some MAMP-inducible genes or affecting the refractory period to a second MAMP elicitation. However, γ-Glu-Leu is not a classical MAMP since pH adjustment abolished these activities and importantly, the observed effects of γ-Glu-Leu could be recapitulated by mimicking extracellular acidification. Thus, although γ-Glu-Leu can act as a direct agonist of calcium sensing receptors in animal systems, the Ca2+-mobilizing activity in plants reported here is due to acidification. Low pH also shapes the Ca2+ signature of well-studied MAMPs (e.g. flg22) or excitatory amino acids such as glutamate. Overall, this work serves as a cautionary reminder that in defense signaling studies where Ca2+ flux measurements are concerned, it is important to monitor and consider the effects of pH. |
| تدمد: | 2045-2322 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1d44e529583a683cdaa5bbeb04cfeb6e https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41276-0 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....1d44e529583a683cdaa5bbeb04cfeb6e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 20452322 |
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