تقرير
Turbulent relaxation to equilibrium in a two-dimensional quantum vortex gas
| العنوان: | Turbulent relaxation to equilibrium in a two-dimensional quantum vortex gas |
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| المؤلفون: | Reeves, Matthew T., Goddard-Lee, Kwan, Gauthier, Guillaume, Stockdale, Oliver R., Salman, Hayder, Edmonds, Timothy, Yu, Xiaoquan, Bradley, Ashton S., Baker, Mark, Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina, Davis, Matthew J., Neely, Tyler W. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| المجموعة: | Condensed Matter Physics (Other) Quantum Physics |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Quantum Physics |
| الوصف: | We experimentally study emergence of microcanonical equilibrium states in the turbulent relaxation dynamics of a two-dimensional chiral vortex gas. Same-sign vortices are injected into a quasi-two-dimensional disk-shaped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate using a range of mechanical stirring protocols. The resulting long-time vortex distributions are found to be in excellent agreement with the meanfield Poisson-Boltzmann equation for the system describing the microcanonical ensemble at fixed energy $\cal{H}$ and angular momentum $\cal{M}$. The equilibrium states are characterized by the corresponding thermodynamic variables of inverse temperature $\hat{\beta}$ and rotation frequency $\hat{\omega}$. We are able to realize equilibria spanning the full phase diagram of the vortex gas, including on-axis states near zero-temperature, infinite temperature, and negative absolute temperatures. At sufficiently high energies the system exhibits a symmetry-breaking transition, resulting in an off-axis equilibrium phase at negative absolute temperature that no longer shares the symmetry of the container. We introduce a point-vortex model with phenomenological damping and noise that is able to quantitatively reproduce the equilibration dynamics. Comment: V1: 16 pages, 7 figures, 6 in main text |
| نوع الوثيقة: | Working Paper |
| DOI: | 10.1103/PhysRevX.12.011031 |
| URL الوصول: | http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.10049 |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsarx.2010.10049 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | arXiv |
| DOI: | 10.1103/PhysRevX.12.011031 |
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