As Francis Crick said, neuroscience is a data rich but theory poor field, and it is missing a broad framework as in physics. We wish to put forward such a unified framework based on existing evidences. Unexpectedly, it is a very simple statistical model. Specifically, we find that neural mechanisms in the spatial and temporal dimensionalities follow similar statistical laws. And they are usually called neural coding and memory respectively. Moreover, memory can be divided into two types: long-term and short-term (or instantaneous). The instantaneous memory is the foundation of consciousness according to Crick. Then we indicate the physical and biological mechanisms behind these statistical laws. In general, they actually reflect random processes of particles such as ions. Detailed model and supporting evidences can be found in our previous work. And this simple model is really powerful in explaining most psychological phenomenon and advanced intelligence such as language.
