دورية أكاديمية
Nanostructures and Monolayers of Spheres Reduce Surface Reflections in Hyperiid Amphipods.
| العنوان: | Nanostructures and Monolayers of Spheres Reduce Surface Reflections in Hyperiid Amphipods. |
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| المؤلفون: | Bagge LE; Biology Department, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA. Electronic address: laura.elizabeth.bagge@gmail.com., Osborn KJ; Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20013, USA., Johnsen S; Biology Department, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA. |
| المصدر: | Current biology : CB [Curr Biol] 2016 Nov 21; Vol. 26 (22), pp. 3071-3076. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Oct 27. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Cell Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9107782 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0445 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09609822 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Biol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Publication: Cambridge, MA : Cell Press Original Publication: London, UK : Current Biology Ltd., c1991- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Light* , Vision, Ocular*, Amphipoda/*ultrastructure , Zooplankton/*ultrastructure, Animal Shells/ultrastructure ; Animals ; Extremities ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Species Specificity |
| مستخلص: | Transparent zooplankton and nekton are often nearly invisible when viewed under ambient light in the pelagic zone [1-3]. However, in this environment, where the light field is directional (and thus likely to cause reflections), and under the bioluminescent searchlights of potential predators, animals may be revealed by reflections from their body surface [4-7]. We investigated the cuticle surfaces of seven species of hyperiids (Crustacea; Amphipoda) using scanning electron microscopy and found two undocumented features that may reduce reflectance. We found that the legs of Cystisoma spp. (n = 5) are covered with an ordered array of nanoprotuberances 200 ± 20 nm SD in height that function optically as a gradient refractive index material [6, 8, 9]. Additionally, we observed that Cystisoma and six other species of hyperiids are covered with a monolayer of homogenous spheres (diameters ranging from 52 ± 7 nm SD on Cystisoma spp. to 320 ± 15 nm SD on Phronima spp.). Optical modeling using effective medium theory and transfer matrix methods demonstrated that both the nanoprotuberances and the monolayers reduce reflectance by as much as 100-fold, depending on the wavelength and angle of the incident light and the thickness of the gradient layer. Even though we only consider surface reflectance and not internal light scattering, our study demonstrates that these nanoprotuberances and spheres can improve crypsis in a featureless habitat where the smallest reflection can render an animal vulnerable to visual predation. (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| التعليقات: | Comment in: Curr Biol. 2016 Nov 21;26(22):R1179-R1181. (PMID: 27875694) |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: anti-reflection; biophotonics; crustacean; crypsis; deep sea; hyperiid amphipod; index matching; moth-eye structure; nanoprotuberances; transparent |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20170118 Date Completed: 20180112 Latest Revision: 20180928 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240628 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2016.09.033 |
| PMID: | 28094029 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1879-0445 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2016.09.033 |