دورية أكاديمية
Nonlinear response of nitric oxide fluxes to fertilizer inputs and the impacts of agricultural intensification on tropospheric ozone pollution in Kenya.
| العنوان: | Nonlinear response of nitric oxide fluxes to fertilizer inputs and the impacts of agricultural intensification on tropospheric ozone pollution in Kenya. |
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| المؤلفون: | Hickman JE; The Earth Institute of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Lamont Hall, PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA., Huang Y; Department of Geological & Mining Engineering & Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.; Now at the School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 195 Prospect St., New Haven, CT, 06511, USA., Wu S; Department of Geological & Mining Engineering & Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA., Diru W; Millennium Village Project, Milimani Block 10/35, Busia Road, PO Box 2389-40100, Kisumu, Kenya., Groffman PM; Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 2801 Sharon Turnpike, PO Box AB, Millbrook, NY, 12545, USA.; City University of New York Advanced Science Research Center and Brooklyn College Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10031, USA., Tully KL; University of Maryland, 2108 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD, 20742, USA., Palm CA; The Earth Institute of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Lamont Hall, PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY, 10964, USA.; Now at the University of Florida, P.O. Box 110180, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA. |
| المصدر: | Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2017 Aug; Vol. 23 (8), pp. 3193-3204. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Mar 17. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Blackwell Pub Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9888746 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2486 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13541013 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Glob Chang Biol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Publication: Original Publication: Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, 1995- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Agriculture* , Air Pollution* , Ozone*, Nitric Oxide/*chemistry, Environmental Monitoring ; Fertilizers ; Kenya ; Soil |
| مستخلص: | Crop yields in sub-Saharan Africa remain stagnant at 1 ton ha -1 , and 260 million people lack access to adequate food resources. Order-of-magnitude increases in fertilizer use are seen as a critical step in attaining food security. This increase represents an unprecedented input of nitrogen (N) to African ecosystems and will likely be accompanied by increased soil emissions of nitric oxide (NO). NO is a precursor to tropospheric ozone, an air pollutant and greenhouse gas. Emissions of NO from soils occur primarily during denitrification and nitrification, and N input rates are a key determinant of emission rates. We established experimental maize plots in western Kenya to allow us to quantify the response function relating NO flux to N input rate during the main 2011 and 2012 growing seasons. NO emissions followed a sigmoid response to fertilizer inputs and have emission factors under 1% for the roughly two-month measurement period in each year, although linear and step relationships could not be excluded in 2011. At fertilization rates above 100 kg N ha -1 , NO emissions increased without a concomitant increase in yields. We used the geos-chem chemical transport model to evaluate local impacts of increased NO emissions on tropospheric ozone concentrations. Mean 4-hour afternoon tropospheric ozone concentrations in Western Kenya increased by up to roughly 2.63 ppbv under fertilization rates of 150 kg N ha -1 or higher. Using AOT40, a metric for assessing crop damage from ozone, we find that the increased ozone concentrations result in an increase in AOT40 exposure of approximately 110 ppbh for inputs of 150 kg N ha -1 during the March-April-May crop growing season, compared with unfertilized simulations, with negligible impacts on crop productivity. Our results suggest that it may be possible to manage Kenyan agricultural systems for high yields while avoiding substantial impacts on air quality. (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: African Green Revolution; fertilizer; greenhouse gas; nitrogen; soils; tropical agriculture |
| المشرفين على المادة: | 0 (Fertilizers) 0 (Soil) 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide) 66H7ZZK23N (Ozone) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20170202 Date Completed: 20171020 Latest Revision: 20181202 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20221213 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/gcb.13644 |
| PMID: | 28145106 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1365-2486 |
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| DOI: | 10.1111/gcb.13644 |