دورية أكاديمية
Population-level plasticity in foraging behavior of western gulls ( Larus occidentalis ).
| العنوان: | Population-level plasticity in foraging behavior of western gulls ( Larus occidentalis ). |
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| المؤلفون: | Shaffer SA; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San Jose, CA 95192-0100 USA.; University of California, Institute of Marine Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA USA., Cockerham S; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San Jose, CA 95192-0100 USA., Warzybok P; Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA USA., Bradley RW; Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA USA., Jahncke J; Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA USA., Clatterbuck CA; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San Jose, CA 95192-0100 USA.; Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA USA., Lucia M; University of California, Institute of Marine Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA USA., Jelincic JA; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San Jose, CA 95192-0100 USA., Cassell AL; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San Jose, CA 95192-0100 USA., Kelsey EC; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San Jose, CA 95192-0100 USA.; Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Santa Cruz Field Station, Santa Cruz, CA USA., Adams J; Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Santa Cruz Field Station, Santa Cruz, CA USA. |
| المصدر: | Movement ecology [Mov Ecol] 2017 Dec 19; Vol. 5, pp. 27. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Dec 19 (Print Publication: 2017). |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101635009 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2051-3933 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20513933 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mov Ecol Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, 2013- |
| مستخلص: | Background: Plasticity in foraging behavior among individuals, or across populations may reduce competition. As a generalist carnivore, western gulls ( Larus occidentalis ) consume a wide range of marine and terrestrial foods. However, the foraging patterns and habitat selection (ocean or land) of western gulls is not well understood, despite their ubiquity in coastal California. Here, we used GPS loggers to compare the foraging behavior and habitat use of western gulls breeding at two island colonies in central California. Results: Gulls from offshore Southeast Farallon Island (SFI; n = 41 gulls) conducted more oceanic trips ( n = 90) of shorter duration (3.8 ± 3.3 SD hours) and distance (27.1 ± 20.3 km) than trips to the mainland ( n = 41) which were nearly 4 times longer and 2 times farther away. In contrast, gulls from coastal Año Nuevo Island (ANI; n = 20 gulls) foraged at sites on land more frequently ( n = 103) but trip durations (3.6 ± 2.4 h) and distances (20.8 ± 9.4 km) did not differ significantly from oceanic trips ( n = 42) where trip durations were only slightly shorter (2.9 ± 2.7 h) and equidistant (20.6 ± 12.1 km). Gulls from both colonies visited more sites while foraging at sea but spent significantly longer (3-5 times) durations at each site visited on land. Foraging at sea was also more random compared to foraging trips over land where gulls from both colonies visited the same sites on multiple trips. The total home range of gulls from SFI (14,230 km 2 ) was 4.5 times larger than that of gulls from ANI, consistent with greater resource competition resulting from a larger abundance of seabirds at SFI. Conclusions: Population-level plasticity in foraging behavior was evident and dependent on habitat type. In addition, gulls from SFI were away foraging longer than gulls from ANI (22% vs. 7.5%, respectively), which impacts the defense of territories and attempts at nest predation by conspecifics. Our results can be used to explain lower chick productivity at SFI, and can provide insight into increased gull activity in urban areas. Competing Interests: Permission to conduct this research was granted by Año Nuevo State Park, California State Parks, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, US Fish and Wildlife Farallon Islands National Wildlife Refuge (SUP# 81641). All research protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at San Jose State University (protocol 979). The use of trade, product or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
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| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Fidelity index; GPS tracking; Habitat use; Time activity budgets; Urban habitats |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20171223 Latest Revision: 20220311 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20231215 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC5735870 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s40462-017-0118-9 |
| PMID: | 29270295 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
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Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 2051-3933 |
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| DOI: | 10.1186/s40462-017-0118-9 |