The role of environmental driving factors in historical and projected carbon dynamics of wetland ecosystems in Alaska.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	The role of environmental driving factors in historical and projected carbon dynamics of wetland ecosystems in Alaska.
المؤلفون:	Lyu Z; Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA., Genet H; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., He Y; Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA., Zhuang Q; Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA., McGuire AD; U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., Bennett A; Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning, International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., Breen A; Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning, International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., Clein J; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., Euskirchen ES; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., Johnson K; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, Pennsylvania, 19073, USA., Kurkowski T; Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning, International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., Pastick NJ; Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA.; Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc., contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 57198, USA., Rupp TS; Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning, International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775, USA., Wylie BK; U.S. Geological Survey, The Earth Resources Observation Systems Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 57198, USA., Zhu Z; U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, 12201, USA.
المصدر:	Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America [Ecol Appl] 2018 Sep; Vol. 28 (6), pp. 1377-1395. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jun 25.
نوع المنشور:	Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
اللغة:	English
بيانات الدورية:	Publisher: Ecological Society of America Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9889808 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1051-0761 (Print) Linking ISSN: 10510761 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ecol Appl Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة:	Publication: Washington, D.C. : Ecological Society of America Original Publication: Tempe, AZ : The Society, 1991-
مواضيع طبية MeSH:	Carbon Cycle* , Global Warming* , Models, Theoretical* , Wetlands*, Alaska ; Carbon Dioxide ; Forecasting ; Methane ; Wildfires
مستخلص:	Wetlands are critical terrestrial ecosystems in Alaska, covering ~177,000 km ² , an area greater than all the wetlands in the remainder of the United States. To assess the relative influence of changing climate, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration, and fire regime on carbon balance in wetland ecosystems of Alaska, a modeling framework that incorporates a fire disturbance model and two biogeochemical models was used. Spatially explicit simulations were conducted at 1-km resolution for the historical period (1950-2009) and future projection period (2010-2099). Simulations estimated that wetland ecosystems of Alaska lost 175 Tg carbon (C) in the historical period. Ecosystem C storage in 2009 was 5,556 Tg, with 89% of the C stored in soils. The estimated loss of C as CO 2 and biogenic methane (CH 4 ) emissions resulted in wetlands of Alaska increasing the greenhouse gas forcing of climate warming. Simulations for the projection period were conducted for six climate change scenarios constructed from two climate models forced under three CO 2 emission scenarios. Ecosystem C storage averaged among climate scenarios increased 3.94 Tg C/yr by 2099, with variability among the simulations ranging from 2.02 to 4.42 Tg C/yr. These increases were driven primarily by increases in net primary production (NPP) that were greater than losses from increased decomposition and fire. The NPP increase was driven by CO 2 fertilization (~5% per 100 parts per million by volume increase) and by increases in air temperature (~1% per °C increase). Increases in air temperature were estimated to be the primary cause for a projected 47.7% mean increase in biogenic CH 4 emissions among the simulations (~15% per °C increase). Ecosystem CO 2 sequestration offset the increase in CH 4 emissions during the 21st century to decrease the greenhouse gas forcing of climate warming. However, beyond 2100, we expect that this forcing will ultimately increase as wetland ecosystems transition from being a sink to a source of atmospheric CO 2 because of (1) decreasing sensitivity of NPP to increasing atmospheric CO 2 , (2) increasing availability of soil C for decomposition as permafrost thaws, and (3) continued positive sensitivity of biogenic CH 4 emissions to increases in soil temperature. (© 2018 by the Ecological Society of America.)
معلومات مُعتمدة:	International U.S. Geological Survey; International National Science Foundation; International U.S. Forest Service; International U.S. Department of Energy
فهرسة مساهمة:	Keywords: Alaska; Alaska carbon cycle; atmospheric CO2; carbon balance; climate change; fire; global warming potential; methane; wetlands
المشرفين على المادة:	142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide) OP0UW79H66 (Methane)
تواريخ الأحداث:	Date Created: 20180530 Date Completed: 20190906 Latest Revision: 20190906
رمز التحديث:	20231215
DOI:	10.1002/eap.1755
PMID:	29808543
قاعدة البيانات:	MEDLINE

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تدمد:	1051-0761
DOI:	10.1002/eap.1755