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Understanding the drivers of mortality in African savannah elephants.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Understanding the drivers of mortality in African savannah elephants.
المؤلفون: Schlossberg S; Elephants Without Borders, P.O. Box 682, Kasane, Botswana., Gobush KS; Vulcan Inc., 505 5th Avenue South, Seattle, Washington, 98104, USA.; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Box 351800, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA., Chase MJ; Elephants Without Borders, P.O. Box 682, Kasane, Botswana., Elkan PW; Africa Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York, 10460, USA., Grossmann F; Africa Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York, 10460, USA.; Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands., Kohi EM; Conservation Information Monitoring Unit, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania.
المصدر: Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America [Ecol Appl] 2020 Sep; Vol. 30 (6), pp. e02131. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 May 14.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Ecological Society of America Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9889808 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1051-0761 (Print) Linking ISSN: 10510761 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ecol Appl Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Publication: Washington, D.C. : Ecological Society of America
Original Publication: Tempe, AZ : The Society, 1991-
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Elephants*, Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Humans
مستخلص: Populations of African savannah elephants (Loxodonta africana) have been declining due to poaching, human-elephant conflict, and habitat loss. Understanding the causes of these declines could aid in stabilizing elephant populations. We used data from the Great Elephant Census, a 19-country aerial survey of savannah elephants conducted in 2014 and 2015, to examine effects of a suite of variables on elephant mortality. Independent variables included spatially explicit measures of natural processes and human presence as well as country-level socioeconomic measures. Our dependent variable was the carcass ratio, the ratio of dead elephants to live plus dead elephants, which is an index of recent elephant mortality. Carcass ratios are inversely proportional to population growth rates of elephants over the 4 yr prior to a survey. At the scale of survey strata (n = 275, median area = 1,222 km 2 ), we found strong negative associations for carcass ratios with vegetation greenness at the time of the survey, overseas development aid to the country, and distance to the nearest international border. At the scale of ecosystems (n = 42, median area = 12,085 km 2 ), carcass ratios increased with drought frequency and decreased with human density and overseas development aid to the country. Both stratum- and ecosystem-scale models explained well under one-half of the variance in carcass ratios. The differences in results between scales suggest that the drivers of mortality may be scale-specific and that the corresponding solutions may vary by scale as well.
(© 2020 by the Ecological Society of America.)
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معلومات مُعتمدة: International Paul Allen
فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Loxodonta africana; African elephant; Great Elephant Census; aerial survey; carcass ratio; drought; fire; mortality; savannah elephant
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20200417 Date Completed: 20210106 Latest Revision: 20210106
رمز التحديث: 20231215
DOI: 10.1002/eap.2131
PMID: 32297403
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1051-0761
DOI:10.1002/eap.2131