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Arctic and boreal paleofire records reveal drivers of fire activity and departures from Holocene variability.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Arctic and boreal paleofire records reveal drivers of fire activity and departures from Holocene variability.
المؤلفون: Hoecker TJ; Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, 59812, USA., Higuera PE; Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, 59812, USA., Kelly R; UNC Health Care System, 1025 Think Place, Morrisville, North Carolina, 27560, USA., Hu FS; Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.; Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
المصدر: Ecology [Ecology] 2020 Sep; Vol. 101 (9), pp. e03096. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jun 09.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Ecological Society of America Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0043541 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1939-9170 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00129658 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Ecology Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Publication: Washington, DC : Ecological Society of America
Original Publication: Brooklyn, NY : Brooklyn Botanical Garden
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Ecosystem* , Fires*, Alaska ; Arctic Regions ; Trees ; Yukon Territory
مستخلص: Boreal forest and tundra biomes are key components of the Earth system because the mobilization of large carbon stocks and changes in energy balance could act as positive feedbacks to ongoing climate change. In Alaska, wildfire is a primary driver of ecosystem structure and function, and a key mechanism coupling high-latitude ecosystems to global climate. Paleoecological records reveal sensitivity of fire regimes to climatic and vegetation change over centennial-millennial time scales, highlighting increased burning concurrent with warming or elevated landscape flammability. To quantify spatiotemporal patterns in fire-regime variability, we synthesized 27 published sediment-charcoal records from four Alaskan ecoregions, and compared patterns to paleoclimate and paleovegetation records. Biomass burning and fire frequency increased significantly in boreal forest ecoregions with the expansion of black spruce, ca. 6,000-4,000 years before present (yr BP). Biomass burning also increased during warm periods, particularly in the Yukon Flats ecoregion from ca. 1,000 to 500 yr BP. Increases in biomass burning concurrent with constant fire return intervals suggest increases in average fire severity (i.e., more biomass burning per fire) during warm periods. Results also indicate increases in biomass burning over the last century across much of Alaska that exceed Holocene maxima, providing important context for ongoing change. Our analysis documents the sensitivity of fire activity to broad-scale environmental change, including climate warming and biome-scale shifts in vegetation. The lack of widespread, prolonged fire synchrony suggests regional heterogeneity limited simultaneous fire-regime change across our study areas during the Holocene. This finding implies broad-scale resilience of the boreal forest to extensive fire activity, but does not preclude novel responses to 21st-century changes. If projected increases in fire activity over the 21st century are realized, they would be unprecedented in the context of the last 8,000 yr or more.
(© 2020 by the Ecological Society of America.)
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معلومات مُعتمدة: EF-1241846 Division of Emerging Frontiers; ARC-1023477 Division of Arctic Sciences; ARC-1023669 Division of Arctic Sciences
فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Holocene; boreal forest; climate change; fire; lake-sediment charcoal; paleoecology; paleofire
سلسلة جزيئية: Dryad 10.5061/dryad.0gb5mkkxv
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20200510 Date Completed: 20210222 Latest Revision: 20210222
رمز التحديث: 20221213
DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3096
PMID: 32386341
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1939-9170
DOI:10.1002/ecy.3096