دورية أكاديمية
Blood cadmium levels and sources of exposure in an adult urban population in southern Brazil.
| العنوان: | Blood cadmium levels and sources of exposure in an adult urban population in southern Brazil. |
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| المؤلفون: | Martins AC; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA., Urbano MR; Department of Statistics, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, S/no, Campus Universitário, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil., Almeida Lopes ACB; Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350, Londrina, PR, Brazil., Carvalho MFH; Inorganic Contaminants Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 355, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Buzzo ML; Inorganic Contaminants Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 355, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Docea AO; Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania., Mesas AE; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería, Edificio Melchor Cano, Campus Universitario de Cuenca, Camino de Pozuelo, S/n 16071, Cuenca, Spain., Aschner M; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 19-1, 119146, Moscow, Russia., Silva AMR; Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350, Londrina, PR, Brazil., Silbergeld EK; Emerita Professor, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, 21205, Baltimore, MD, USA., Paoliello MMB; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: monibas2@gmail.com. |
| المصدر: | Environmental research [Environ Res] 2020 Aug; Vol. 187, pp. 109618. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 May 13. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0147621 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-0953 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00139351 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Res Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Publication: <2000- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier Original Publication: New York, Academic Press. |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | Cadmium* , Environmental Exposure*/analysis, Adult ; Brazil ; Geology ; Humans ; Male ; Urban Population |
| مستخلص: | Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that is widely present in the environment due to geologic and anthropogenic sources. Exposures to high Cd levels may cause nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, pulmonary and cardiovascular disease, among others. The goal of this study was to investigate in an adult urban population whether an association exists between sources and levels of Cd exposure and blood Cd concentrations. Methods: Using a census-based design, a total of 959 adults, aged 40 years or older, were randomly selected. Information on socio-demographics, dietary, and lifestyle background was obtained by household interviews. Blood Cd levels were measured by inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry. Geometric means (GM) (95% CI) and the 50th percentile were determined, stratified by sex, age, race, education, income class, smoking status, consumption of vegetables, red meat and milk, occupation and blood pressure. To assess the association between Cd exposure and the aforementioned variables, we estimated the geometric mean ratio (GMR) (95%CI) of blood Cd concentrations. Results and Conclusion: The geometric mean (95%CI) of blood Cd levels in the total population was 0.25 (0.22, 0.27) ug/dL. In a univariate analysis, significantly higher blood Cd levels were found in men (p < 0.001), current and former smokers (p < 0.001), alcohol drinkers (p < 0.001), those who never or almost never consumed milk (p < 0.001), and in subjects with higher diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.03). Significant correlations were found between the number of cigarettes consumed daily and blood Cd levels. Multivariate analysis confirmed higher blood Cd concentrations were associated with alcohol consumption (GMR 95%CI = 1.28, 1.04-1.59) and in former and current smokers (GMR 95% IC = 1.33, 1.06-1.67 and 4.23, 3.24-5.52, respectively). Our results shed novel information on variables associated with blood Cd levels in an urban Brazilian population, and should encourage additional research to prevent environmental Cd exposure, both in Brazil and globally. Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no perceived or known conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: Adults; Blood cadmium; General population |
| المشرفين على المادة: | 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium) |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20200525 Date Completed: 20201120 Latest Revision: 20201120 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20221213 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109618 |
| PMID: | 32447086 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1096-0953 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109618 |