دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

Regulation of Expression and Latency in BLV and HTLV.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Regulation of Expression and Latency in BLV and HTLV.
المؤلفون: Pluta A; Department of Biochemistry, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland., Jaworski JP; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Virología, Nicolás Repetto y De los Reseros (s/n), CP1686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Douville RN; Department of Biology, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.; Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.
المصدر: Viruses [Viruses] 2020 Sep 25; Vol. 12 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 25.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Gene Expression Regulation, Viral*, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/*genetics , Leukemia Virus, Bovine/*genetics , Virus Latency/*genetics, Animals ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/physiology ; Humans ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine/physiology ; Mutation ; RNA, Untranslated/metabolism ; Terminal Repeat Sequences/genetics ; Viral Proteins/metabolism
مستخلص: Human T-lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) belong to the Deltaretrovirus genus. HTLV-1 is the etiologic agent of the highly aggressive and currently incurable cancer adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and a neurological disease HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). BLV causes neoplastic proliferation of B cells in cattle: enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL). Despite the severity of these conditions, infection by HTLV-1 and BLV appear in most cases clinically asymptomatic. These viruses can undergo latency in their hosts. The silencing of proviral gene expression and maintenance of latency are central for the establishment of persistent infection, as well as for pathogenesis in vivo. In this review, we will present the mechanisms that control proviral activation and retroviral latency in deltaretroviruses, in comparison with other exogenous retroviruses. The 5' long terminal repeats (5'-LTRs) play a main role in controlling viral gene expression. While the regulation of transcription initiation is a major mechanism of silencing, we discuss topics that include (i) the epigenetic control of the provirus, (ii) the cis -elements present in the LTR, (iii) enhancers with cell-type specific regulatory functions, (iv) the role of virally-encoded transactivator proteins, (v) the role of repressors in transcription and silencing, (vi) the effect of hormonal signaling, (vii) implications of LTR variability on transcription and latency, and (viii) the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs. Finally, we discuss how a better understanding of these mechanisms may allow for the development of more effective treatments against Deltaretroviruses .
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فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Bovine leukemia virus (BLV); Deltaretrovirus; Human T-lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1); Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1); Retrovirus; latency; long terminal repeat (LTR); transcription; viral gene regulation
المشرفين على المادة: 0 (RNA, Untranslated)
0 (Viral Proteins)
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20200930 Date Completed: 20210216 Latest Revision: 20210216
رمز التحديث: 20221213
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC7601775
DOI: 10.3390/v12101079
PMID: 32992917
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v12101079