دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

Association of State Stay-at-Home Orders and State-Level African American Population With COVID-19 Case Rates.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Association of State Stay-at-Home Orders and State-Level African American Population With COVID-19 Case Rates.
المؤلفون: Padalabalanarayanan S; Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.; University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Health Professions, Birmingham., Hanumanthu VS; Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.; University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Health Professions, Birmingham.; Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham., Sen B; Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.; Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.
المصدر: JAMA network open [JAMA Netw Open] 2020 Oct 01; Vol. 3 (10), pp. e2026010. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 01.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101729235 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2574-3805 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25743805 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Netw Open Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: Chicago, IL : American Medical Association, [2018]-
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Black or African American* , Policy* , Social Isolation*, Coronavirus Infections/*prevention & control , Pandemics/*prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/*prevention & control, Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/ethnology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Morbidity ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/ethnology ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Prevalence ; Racial Groups ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States/epidemiology
مستخلص: Importance: To cope with the continuing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, state and local officials need information on the effectiveness of policies aimed at curbing disease spread, as well as state-specific characteristics, like the racial mix, associated with increased risks related to the disease.
Objective: To investigate whether state-imposed stay-at-home orders (SAHOs) and the proportion of African American population in a state were associated with the state-level COVID-19 cases.
Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study used daily, state-level data on COVID-19 cases, tests, and fatalities from the COVID Tracking Project. Data from March 1 to May 4, 2020, for all states (except Washington state) as well as the District of Columbia were used.
Exposures: The key exposure variables were state-level SAHO (1 if in place, 0 otherwise), and proportion of state population who are African American.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was daily cumulative COVID-19 case rates. A secondary outcome was subsequent COVID-19 fatality rates, derived using mean cumulative fatality rates 21 to 28 days after each date. Multivariate regression models were estimated.
Results: The final sample included 3023 pooled state- and day-level observations. The mean (SD) cumulative positive case rate was 103.186 (200.067) cases per 100 000 state population, the mean (SD) cumulative test rate was 744.23 (894.944) tests per 100 000 state population, and the mean (SD) subsequent cumulative fatality rate was 12.923 (21.737) deaths per 100 000 state population. There was a negative association of SAHOs with cumulative case rates (β = -1.166; 95% CI, -1.484 to -0.847; P < .001) and subsequent fatality rates (β = -0.204; 95% CI, -0.294 to -0.113; P < .001). Estimation analyses indicated that expected cumulative case rates would have been more than 200% higher and fatality rates approximately 22% higher if there were no SAHOs, as compared with SAHOs fully in place. A higher proportion of African American population was associated with higher case rates (β = 0.045; 95% CI, 0.014 to 0.077; P = .001) and fatality rates (β = 0.068; 95% CI, 0.044 to 0.091; P < .001).
Conclusions and Relevance: In this cross-sectional study, SAHOs were associated with reductions in COVID-19 case rates. These findings could help inform policy makers to address the continued COVID-19 pandemic in the US. The proportion of African American population was positively associated with COVID-19 case rates, and this state-level finding adds to evidence from existing ecological studies using county-level data on racial disparities in COVID-19 infection rates and underlines the urgency of better understanding and addressing these disparities.
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تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20201023 Date Completed: 20201105 Latest Revision: 20240330
رمز التحديث: 20240330
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC7584926
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.26010
PMID: 33095253
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:2574-3805
DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.26010