A Genetics-First Approach to Dissecting the Heterogeneity of Autism: Phenotypic Comparison of Autism Risk Copy Number Variants.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	A Genetics-First Approach to Dissecting the Heterogeneity of Autism: Phenotypic Comparison of Autism Risk Copy Number Variants.
المؤلفون:	Chawner SJRA; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Doherty JL; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Anney RJL; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Antshel KM; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Bearden CE; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Bernier R; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Chung WK; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Clements CC; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Curran SR; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Cuturilo G; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Fiksinski AM; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Gallagher L; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Goin-Kochel RP; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Gur RE; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Hanson E; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Jacquemont S; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Kates WR; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Kushan L; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Maillard AM; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., McDonald-McGinn DM; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Mihaljevic M; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Miller JS; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Moss H; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Pejovic-Milovancevic M; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Schultz RT; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Green-Snyder L; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Vorstman JA; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Wenger TL; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Hall J; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., Owen MJ; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree)., van den Bree MBM; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree).
مؤلفون مشاركون:	IMAGINE-ID Consortium; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner, Doherty, Anney, Moss, Hall, Owen, van den Bree); Cardiff University Centre for Human Developmental Science, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Chawner); Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Antshel); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (Bearden, Kushan); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle (Bernier); Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York (Chung); Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Clements, Miller, Schultz); Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Clements); South West London and St. George's Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, London (Curran); University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Cuturilo); Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (Fiksinski, Vorstman); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and the Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto (Fiksinski); Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (Gallagher); Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Goin-Kochel); Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Gur, Schultz); Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Hanson); Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal (Jacquemont, Maillard); Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal (Jacquemont); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (Kates); Service des Troubles du Spectre de l'Autisme et Apparentés, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Maillard); Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn); Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (McDonald-McGinn, Schultz); Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Mihaljevic); Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pejovic-Milovancevic); Simons Foundation, New York (Green-Snyder); Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (Vorstman); Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (Wenger); and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom (Hall, Owen, van den Bree).
المصدر:	The American journal of psychiatry [Am J Psychiatry] 2021 Jan 01; Vol. 178 (1), pp. 77-86.
نوع المنشور:	Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
اللغة:	English
بيانات الدورية:	Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370512 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1535-7228 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0002953X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة:	Original Publication: Arlington, VA : American Psychiatric Association
مواضيع طبية MeSH:	Autistic Disorder/genetics , DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics, Autistic Disorder/diagnosis ; Autistic Disorder/epidemiology ; Child ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Association Studies ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Interview, Psychological ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index
مستخلص:	Objective: Certain copy number variants (CNVs) greatly increase the risk of autism. The authors conducted a genetics-first study to investigate whether heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of autism is underpinned by specific genotype-phenotype relationships. Methods: This international study included 547 individuals (mean age, 12.3 years [SD=4.2], 54% male) who were ascertained on the basis of having a genetic diagnosis of a rare CNV associated with high risk of autism (82 16p11.2 deletion carriers, 50 16p11.2 duplication carriers, 370 22q11.2 deletion carriers, and 45 22q11.2 duplication carriers), as well as 2,027 individuals (mean age, 9.1 years [SD=4.9], 86% male) with autism of heterogeneous etiology. Assessments included the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and IQ testing. Results: The four genetic variant groups differed in autism symptom severity, autism subdomain profile, and IQ profile. However, substantial variability was observed in phenotypic outcome in individual genetic variant groups (74%-97% of the variance, depending on the trait), whereas variability between groups was low (1%-21%, depending on the trait). CNV carriers who met autism criteria were compared with individuals with heterogeneous autism, and a range of profile differences were identified. When clinical cutoff scores were applied, 54% of individuals with one of the four CNVs who did not meet full autism diagnostic criteria had elevated levels of autistic traits. Conclusions: Many CNV carriers do not meet full diagnostic criteria for autism but nevertheless meet clinical cutoffs for autistic traits. Although profile differences between variants were observed, there is considerable variability in clinical symptoms in the same variant.
التعليقات:	Comment in: Am J Psychiatry. 2021 Jan 1;178(1):11-12. (PMID: 33384006)
References:	Am J Ment Retard. 1997 Jul;102(1):67-79. (PMID: 9241409) J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2016 Jan;57(1):93-102. (PMID: 26264996) Mol Psychiatry. 2017 Dec;22(12):1664-1672. (PMID: 28761081) Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Jan 16;9(1):8. (PMID: 30664628) Am J Psychiatry. 2014 Jun;171(6):627-39. (PMID: 24577245) Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2016 Sep;171(6):790-6. (PMID: 26953189) JAMA Psychiatry. 2015 Mar;72(3):276-83. (PMID: 25629657) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;45(6):691-699. (PMID: 16721319) JAMA Psychiatry. 2016 Jan;73(1):7-8. (PMID: 26630619) Mol Autism. 2014 Feb 11;5(1):11. (PMID: 24517317) Am J Hum Genet. 2014 May 1;94(5):677-94. (PMID: 24768552) Neuron. 2011 Jun 9;70(5):863-85. (PMID: 21658581) J Autism Dev Disord. 2007 Oct;37(9):1776-86. (PMID: 17180713) Psychol Med. 2011 Mar;41(3):619-27. (PMID: 21272389) Cell. 2012 Mar 16;148(6):1223-41. (PMID: 22424231) Am J Med Genet A. 2007 Nov 15;143A(22):2642-50. (PMID: 17937445) Neuron. 2011 Jun 9;70(5):886-97. (PMID: 21658582) Mol Psychiatry. 2015 Nov;20(11):1366-72. (PMID: 25421404) Am J Hum Genet. 2010 May 14;86(5):749-64. (PMID: 20466091) Lancet Psychiatry. 2015 Oct;2(10):909-16. (PMID: 26341300) Nature. 2010 Jul 15;466(7304):368-72. (PMID: 20531469) Neuron. 2015 Sep 23;87(6):1215-1233. (PMID: 26402605) Nat Rev Genet. 2017 Jun;18(6):362-376. (PMID: 28260791) Br J Psychiatry. 2014 Jan;204(1):46-54. (PMID: 24115343) JAMA Psychiatry. 2016 Jan;73(1):20-30. (PMID: 26629640) J Autism Dev Disord. 1994 Feb;24(1):3-22. (PMID: 8188572) Pediatrics. 2012 May;129(5):e1112-20. (PMID: 22473372) Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Jul 15;80(2):129-139. (PMID: 26742926) Res Dev Disabil. 2014 Dec;35(12):3582-90. (PMID: 25244692) Biol Psychiatry. 2015 May 1;77(9):785-93. (PMID: 25064419) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 Sep;45(9):1104-1113. (PMID: 16926618) Schizophr Res. 2017 Oct;188:59-62. (PMID: 28119035) PLoS One. 2010 May 28;5(5):e10887. (PMID: 20526357) Nat Genet. 2007 Mar;39(3):319-28. (PMID: 17322880) Pediatrics. 2009 Nov;124(5):1395-403. (PMID: 19805460) Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2007 Feb;17(1):103-11. (PMID: 17275283) JAMA Psychiatry. 2015 Feb;72(2):119-26. (PMID: 25493922) Nat Commun. 2019 Dec 5;10(1):5519. (PMID: 31801954) Lancet. 2006 Jul 15;368(9531):210-5. (PMID: 16844490) Expert Rev Mol Med. 2010 Mar 09;12:e8. (PMID: 20211047) Lancet Psychiatry. 2018 Jul;5(7):573-580. (PMID: 29886042) Mol Autism. 2016 May 06;7:27. (PMID: 27158440)
معلومات مُعتمدة:	U01 MH119758 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; U01 MH119738 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; U01 MH101719 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; G0800509 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; MR/T033045/1 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; U01 MH119739 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; U01 MH101724 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; MR/N022572/1 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; R37 MH085953 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; MRF_MRF-154-0001-RG-SKUSE United Kingdom MRF MRF; U01 MH119736 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; MR/L010305/1 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; MR/K006584/1 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; R21 MH116473 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; P50 HD105354 United States HD NICHD NIH HHS; R01 MH085953 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; G0801418 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; R01 MH064824 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; U01 MH119741 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS; MR/L011166/1 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council; United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust
فهرسة مساهمة:	Investigator: K Baker; E Dewhurst; A Lafont; FL Raymond; T Shirley; H Tilley; H Timur; C Titterton; N Walker; S Wallwork; F Wicks; Z Ye; M Erwood; S Andrews; P Birch; S Bowen; K Bradley; A Challenger; S Chawner; A Cuthbert; J Hall; P Holmans; S Law; N Lewis; S Morrison; H Moss; M Owen; S Ray; M Sopp; M Tong; M van den Bree; N Coscini; S Davies; S Denaxas; H Denyer; N Fatih; M Juj; E Kerry; A Lucock; W Mandy; F Printzlau; D Skuse; R Srinivasan; S Walker; A Watkins; J Wolstencroft; B Searle; A Pelling; J Dean; L Robertson; D Williams; A Donaldson; L Raymond; A Procter; J Berg; Y Crow; A Lampe; J Rankin; S Joss; L Chitty; F Flinter; M Holder; A Kraus; J Barwell; P Vasudevan; A Weber; W Newman; M Splitt; V Clowes; F van Dijk; R Harrison; U Kini; O Quarrell; D Baralle; S Mansour Keywords: Autism; Copy Number Variants; Genetics
تواريخ الأحداث:	Date Created: 20210101 Date Completed: 20210201 Latest Revision: 20240229
رمز التحديث:	20240229
مُعرف محوري في PubMed:	PMC8022239
DOI:	10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20010015
PMID:	33384013
قاعدة البيانات:	MEDLINE

الوصف
تدمد:	1535-7228
DOI:	10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20010015