دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in river discharge: Modeling loads upstream and downstream of a PFAS manufacturing plant in the Cape Fear watershed, North Carolina.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in river discharge: Modeling loads upstream and downstream of a PFAS manufacturing plant in the Cape Fear watershed, North Carolina.
المؤلفون: Pétré MA; Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States; Now at Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Finland. Electronic address: marie-amelie.petre@gtk.fi., Salk KR; Tetra Tech Center for Ecological Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States., Stapleton HM; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States., Ferguson PL; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States., Tait G; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States., Obenour DR; Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States., Knappe DRU; Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States., Genereux DP; Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
المصدر: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2022 Jul 20; Vol. 831, pp. 154763. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 24.
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0330500 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1026 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00489697 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Total Environ Subsets: MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier.
مواضيع طبية MeSH: Alkanesulfonic Acids*/analysis , Drinking Water* , Fluorocarbons*/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis, Humans ; Manufacturing and Industrial Facilities ; North Carolina
مستخلص: The Cape Fear River is an important source of drinking water in North Carolina, and many drinking water intakes in the watershed are affected by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). We quantified PFAS concentrations and loads in river water upstream and downstream of a PFAS manufacturing plant that has been producing PFAS since 1980. River samples collected from September 2018 to February 2021 were analyzed for 13 PFAS at the upstream station and 43-57 PFAS downstream near Wilmington. Frequent PFAS sampling (daily to weekly) was conducted close to gauging stations (critical to load estimation), and near major drinking water intakes (relevant to human exposure). Perfluoroalkyl acids dominated upstream while fluoroethers associated with the plant made up about 47% on average of the detected PFAS downstream. Near Wilmington, Σ 43 PFAS concentration averaged 143 ng/L (range 40-377) and Σ 43 PFAS load averaged 3440 g/day (range 459-17,300), with 17-88% originating from the PFAS plant. LOADEST was a useful tool in quantifying individual and total quantified PFAS loads downstream, however, its use was limited at the upstream station where PFAS levels in the river were affected by variable inputs from a wastewater treatment plant. Long-term monitoring of PFAS concentrations is warranted, especially at the downstream station. Results suggest a slight downward trend in PFAS levels downstream, as indicated by a decrease in flow-weighted mean concentrations and the best-fitting LOADEST model. However, despite the cessation of PFAS process wastewater discharge from the plant in November 2017, and the phase-out of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in North America, both fluoroethers and legacy PFAS continue to reach the river in significant quantities, reflecting groundwater discharge to the river and other continuing inputs. Persistence of PFAS in surface water and drinking water supplies suggests that up to 1.5 million people in the Cape Fear watershed might be exposed.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: Drinking water; Environmental monitoring; Mass load; Model; PFAS; Source tracking
المشرفين على المادة: 0 (Alkanesulfonic Acids)
0 (Drinking Water)
0 (Fluorocarbons)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20220327 Date Completed: 20220603 Latest Revision: 20220603
رمز التحديث: 20221213
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154763
PMID: 35339537
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154763