دورية أكاديمية
Rapid emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is associated with an infection advantage over Delta in vaccinated persons.
| العنوان: | Rapid emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is associated with an infection advantage over Delta in vaccinated persons. |
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| المؤلفون: | Chaguza C; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Coppi A; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA., Earnest R; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Ferguson D; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA., Kerantzas N; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA., Warner F; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA., Young HP; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA., Breban MI; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Billig K; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Koch RT; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Pham K; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Kalinich CC; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Ott IM; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Fauver JR; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.; College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA., Hahn AM; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Tikhonova IR; Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Castaldi C; Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., De Kumar B; Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Pettker CM; Quality and Safety, Yale New Haven Health, New Haven, CT, USA.; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA., Warren JL; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Weinberger DM; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Landry ML; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.; Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.; Clinical Virology Laboratory, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA., Peaper DR; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA., Schulz W; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA.; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA., Vogels CBF; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Grubaugh ND; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. |
| المصدر: | Med (New York, N.Y.) [Med] 2022 May 13; Vol. 3 (5), pp. 325-334.e4. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 06. |
| نوع المنشور: | Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
| اللغة: | English |
| بيانات الدورية: | Publisher: Cell Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101769215 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2666-6340 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 26666340 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Med Subsets: MEDLINE |
| أسماء مطبوعة: | Original Publication: [New York] : Cell Press, [2020]- |
| مواضيع طبية MeSH: | COVID-19*/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2*/genetics, COVID-19 Vaccines ; Hospitalization ; Humans |
| مستخلص: | Background: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant became a global concern due to its rapid spread and displacement of the dominant Delta variant. We hypothesized that part of Omicron's rapid rise was based on its increased ability to cause infections in persons that are vaccinated compared to Delta. Methods: We analyzed nasal swab PCR tests for samples collected between December 12 and 16, 2021, in Connecticut when the proportion of Delta and Omicron variants was relatively equal. We used the spike gene target failure (SGTF) to classify probable Delta and Omicron infections. We fitted an exponential curve to the estimated infections to determine the doubling times for each variant. We compared the test positivity rates for each variant by vaccination status, number of doses, and vaccine manufacturer. Generalized linear models were used to assess factors associated with odds of infection with each variant among persons testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. Findings: For infections with high virus copies (Ct < 30) among vaccinated persons, we found higher odds that they were infected with Omicron compared to Delta, and that the odds increased with increased number of vaccine doses. Compared to unvaccinated persons, we found significant reduction in Delta positivity rates after two (43.4%-49.1%) and three vaccine doses (81.1%), while we only found a significant reduction in Omicron positivity rates after three doses (62.3%). Conclusion: The rapid rise in Omicron infections was likely driven by Omicron's escape from vaccine-induced immunity. Funding: This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Competing Interests: N.D.G. is a consultant for Tempus Labs and the National Basketball Association for work related to COVID-19 but is outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests. (© 2022 Elsevier Inc.) |
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| معلومات مُعتمدة: | T35 HL007649 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; TL1 TR001864 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS; UL1 TR001863 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS; United States CC CDC HHS |
| فهرسة مساهمة: | Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; Delta; Omicron; SARS-CoV-2; epidemiology; genomic surveillance |
| المشرفين على المادة: | 0 (COVID-19 Vaccines) |
| SCR Organism: | SARS-CoV-2 variants |
| تواريخ الأحداث: | Date Created: 20220411 Date Completed: 20220517 Latest Revision: 20240306 |
| رمز التحديث: | 20240306 |
| مُعرف محوري في PubMed: | PMC8983481 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.medj.2022.03.010 |
| PMID: | 35399324 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | MEDLINE |
| تدمد: | 2666-6340 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.medj.2022.03.010 |