دورية أكاديمية
أعرض في EDS

The Relationship Between Smoking and Multiple Sclerosis Severity in Saudi Arabia.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: The Relationship Between Smoking and Multiple Sclerosis Severity in Saudi Arabia.
المؤلفون: Makkawi S; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU.; Research and Development, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU.; Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU., AlHarbi FA; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU.; Research and Development, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU., Alsulaimani N; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU., Brashi R; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU., Melebary R; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU., Aljabri S; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU., Altowairqi KF; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU., Ashoor AF; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU., Alkhotani A; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
المصدر: Cureus [Cureus] 2022 Apr 16; Vol. 14 (4), pp. e24181. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 16 (Print Publication: 2022).
نوع المنشور: Journal Article
اللغة: English
بيانات الدورية: Publisher: Cureus, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101596737 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2168-8184 (Print) Linking ISSN: 21688184 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cureus Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
أسماء مطبوعة: Original Publication: Palo Alto, CA : Cureus, Inc.
مستخلص: Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that can be disabling to patients. Smoking has been proposed to be a risk factor for MS and to increase the risk of progression of the disease and its severity. However, it is still not clear how smoking affects people with MS (PwMS) regarding disease phenotype, symptoms, relapses, course, and disability. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of smoking on PwMS in Saudi Arabia. Methods This is an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. PwMS were randomly contacted through different MS societies and associations to participate in the study. The questionnaire inquired about demographics, MS phenotype and severity, and smoking status of the participants. Data were collected between May 30, 2021, and July 5, 2021. Results Four hundred twenty-nine PwMS participated in the study. The mean age was 33.7, with a mean disease duration of 8.1 years. About 61.1% of the participants were female. About 62.2% did not know the specific MS phenotype they have. About 35.7% were current or previous smokers, with a mean smoking duration of 13.9 years. Smoking was significantly associated with the presence of multiple MS symptoms (p-value = 0.009) and their number (p-value = 0.050). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between pack-years smoking and the number of MS symptoms with a Pearson's r value of 0.165 (p-value = 0.001). No significant associations were found between smoking and recent relapses and disease progression, disability in terms of walking, needing a cane, or needing a wheelchair. Conclusion Smoking was shown to have a significant effect on the number of symptoms experienced by PwMS. Higher pack-years of smoking correlates positively and significantly with a higher number of MS symptoms. Further studies to examine these relations are hence warranted.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright © 2022, Makkawi et al.)
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فهرسة مساهمة: Keywords: multiple sclerosis; progression; relapse; saudi arabia; smoking
تواريخ الأحداث: Date Created: 20220520 Latest Revision: 20230916
رمز التحديث: 20230916
مُعرف محوري في PubMed: PMC9110077
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24181
PMID: 35592196
قاعدة البيانات: MEDLINE
الوصف
تدمد:2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.24181